Oleic acid derivatives, pharmaceutical composition or food composition comprising said oleic acid derivatives, and their uses

A medicament comprising at least an oleic acid derivative of Formula (Z)-(I) or (E)-(I):

• wherein group A is selected from A1 to A3 below:
• wherein
• R1 and R2 are each independently selected from the group consisting of H or a saturated or unsaturated, straight or branched alkyl group containing 1 to 8 carbon atoms, or R1 and R2 are linked together to form a divalent radical of formula —R1-R2— wherein —R1-R2— is —CH2—CH2— or —(CH2)3—;
• with the proviso that:
• when R1 or R2═H, respectively R2 or R1 is different from H and from a straight alkyl group containing 2 or 8 carbon atoms and
• when R1 or R2═—CH2CH3 or —CH(CH3)2 or —(CH2)3CH3, R1 and R2 are not identical,
• R3 is independently selected from the group consisting of:
• wherein R4 is independently selected from the group consisting of a saturated or unsaturated, straight or branched alkyl group containing 1 to 4 carbon atoms, n is an integer selected from 1 to 4, and n′ is an integer that is equal to 0 or 1;
• “*” is the carbon atom which is attached to the oxygen atom of the A2 group;
• R12 is independently selected from the group consisting of an alkyl group containing 1 to 4 carbon atoms, or an aromatic group or —CO2R13 in which R13 is a saturated alkyl group containing 1 to 4 carbon atoms,
• R14, R15, R16 are each independently selected from the group consisting of H or CH3;
• or R14═H or CH3 and R15=R16═H;
• R5, R6 and R7 are each independently selected from the group consisting of H or a saturated or unsaturated, straight or branched alkyl group containing 1 to 4 carbon atoms, or —CO2R8 in which R8 is a saturated or unsaturated, straight or branched alkyl group containing 1 to 4 carbon atoms, with the proviso that when R7 is H or CH3, at least one of R5 and R6 is different from H and CH3;
• or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or food quality acceptable salt thereof.