Full-color reversible switching device controlled by electrochemistry, and its preparation method and use

A method for preparing a device controlled by electrochemistry, comprising

• forming a conductive layer on a substrate;
• bringing an electrolyte into contact with the conductive layer, and forming an active material layer between the electrolyte and the conductive layer through electrochemical deposition to constitute the device controlled by electrochemistry;
• or alternatively, forming the active material layer on a surface of the conductive layer, and then bringing the electrolyte into contact with the active material layer to constitute the device controlled by electrochemistry,
• wherein the active material layer and the conductive layer or the substrate forms optical interference to produce a structural color and wherein, in response to a reaction occurring between the electrolyte and the surface of the conductive layer or the active material layer, a thickness of the active material layer changes such that the change in the thickness of the active material layer directly effects a color change of said structural color.