A lead-acid battery comprising a plurality of grid plates being alternating positive and negative grid plates arranged to form a stack, the stack fitted within a battery housing, with each of the plurality of grid plates having a frame with a top, a first side, a second side, and a bottom, a plurality of grid wires interconnected within each of the frames to create interstices therebetween, a first segment of one or more of the plurality of grid wires having a primary deformation of a first magnitude, a second segment of the one or more of the plurality of grid wires having a secondary deformation of a second magnitude, with the first segment and the second segment being at separate locations, and the first segment having a first grain structure and a greater corrosion resistance than the second segment having a second grain structure, with the first grain structure being different from the second grain structure.