# US 12,120,651 B2 · Infrastructureless 5G > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 12,120,651 B2 - Document ID: US12120651B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 17/368,121 - Filed: 2021-07-06 - Published: 2023-01-12 - Granted: 2024-10-15 - Earliest claimed: 2021-07-06 - Assignees: Rockwell Collins, Inc. - Applicants: Rockwell Collins, Inc. - Inventors: John V. Thommana; James A. Stevens - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US12120651B2 ## CPC - H04W 56/0015: {one node acting as a reference for the others} - H04W 72/0453: Resources in frequency domain, e.g. a carrier in FDMA - G01S 19/115: {Airborne or satellite based pseudolites or repeaters} - H04B 7/18539: {Arrangements for managing radio, resources, i.e. for establishing or releasing a connection} - H04W 56/001: {Synchronization between nodes} - H04W 56/0025: {synchronizing potentially movable access points} - H04W 84/04: Large scale networks; Deep hierarchical networks - H04W 84/18: Self-organising networks, e.g. ad-hoc networks or sensor networks - H04W: WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS (broadcast communication H04H; communication systems using wireless links for non-selective communication, e.g. wireless extensions H04M1/72) - G01S: RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES - H04B: TRANSMISSION ## Abstract A method and system for operating an ad hoc communication network under suboptimal commercial global navigation satellite system (GNSS) conditions and a loss of a base station communication link is disclosed. The method includes configuring the ad hoc communication network to operation in in-band or out-of-band mode, allowing device-to-device D2D communication. The method further includes configuring the ad hoc communication system to operate in overlay mode, sharing communication resources between network-controlled resources and D2D resources. The method further includes configuring the D2D resources with a base station precedent to the loss of the base station communication link and enabling the ad hoc communication network to operate in frequency hopping mode. The method further includes disabling physical sidelink control channel synchronization and/or resource management within the ad hoc communication network. In some embodiments of the method, and configuring the ad hoc communication network to include at least one nonstandard-GNSS time-synchronization method. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A system for operating an ad hoc communication network under suboptimal commercial global navigation satellite system (GNSS) conditions and a loss of a base station communication link comprising: a base station; a first user device; wherein the base station and the first user device are configured to communicate via a first signal; and a second user device configured to communicate with the base station via a second signal; wherein the base station is configured to operate as a relay between the first user device and the second user device; wherein the first user device and the second user device are configured to communicate directly without the use of the base station; wherein the first user device and the second user device communicate via a third signal; the first user device comprising: a transceiver configured to communicate with the second user device; a memory configured to perform an instruction; a processor configured to execute the instruction stored by the memory, wherein the instruction enables the processor to: configure the first user device to operate in in-band mode, wherein cellular communication and device-to-device (D2D) communication are supported in a same band; wherein the third signal is configured to use the same frequency of the first signal and the second signal; configure the first user device to operate in overlay mode, wherein communication resources are shared between network-controlled resources and D2D resources; configure the D2D resources with a base station precedent to the loss of the base station communication link; enable the first user device to operate in frequency hopping mode; wherein the first user device and the second user device are configured to communicate by switching the third signal among several frequency channels; enable physical sidelink control channel synchronization for the first user device, wherein the first user device is configured to provide short-range timing to the second user device via the physical sidelink control channel synchronization; and disable the physical sidelink control channel synchronization within the first user device. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The system of claim 1, wherein the instruction further enables the processor to: disable resource management within the first user device; and configure the first user device to include a nonstandard-GNSS time-synchronization method. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The system of claim 1, further comprising the second user device configured for D2D communication with the first user device. ### Claim 4 (depends on 3) The system of claim 3, wherein the instruction further enables the processor to configure the first user device to operate in out-of-band-mode. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The system of claim 1, wherein the instruction further enables the processor to assign differing frequency resources between the first user device and the second user device within range of the first user device, wherein the first user device and the second user device are configured with differing mission objectives. ### Claim 6 (depends on 5) The system of claim 5, wherein the ad hoc communication network is configured as a fifth generation (5G) network. ### Claim 7 (depends on 6) The system of claim 6, wherein the first user device is configured as an air launched effect. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The system of claim 1, comprising: a first mission set of first user devices; and a second mission set of second user devices; wherein communication resources for the first mission set and the second mission set are allocated from the base station. ### Claim 9 (depends on 1) The system of claim 1, wherein the frequency hopping occurs between subframes. ### Claim 10 (depends on 1) The system of claim 1, wherein the frequency hopping occurs within a subframe of a duplex or multiplex frame.