# US 12,119,767 B2 · Multilevel power conversion system and method

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- Number: US 12,119,767 B2
- Document ID: US12119767B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 17/660,456
- Filed: 2022-04-25
- Published: 2022-08-11
- Granted: 2024-10-15
- Earliest claimed: 2019-10-25
- Assignees: Huawei Digital Power Technologies Co., Ltd.
- Applicants: Huawei Digital Power Technologies Co., Ltd.
- Inventors: Huibin Zhu; Dianbo Fu; Heping Dai; Liming Ye
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US12119767B2

## CPC

- H02M 3/285: {Single converters with a plurality of output stages connected in parallel (parallel operation of a plurality of converters in DC distribution networks H02J1/10)}
- H02P 27/06: using DC to AC converters or inverters (H02P27/05 takes precedence)
- B60L 50/60: using power supplied by batteries (in combination with fuel cells B60L50/75)
- B60L 53/24: Using the vehicle's propulsion converter for charging
- H02J 7/02: for charging batteries from AC mains by converters
- H02J 7/855: {with circuits adapted for supplying loads from the battery}
- H02M 3/335: using semiconductor devices only
- H02M 3/33584: {Bidirectional converters}
- H02M 7/483: Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltages levels
- B60L 2210/10: DC to DC converters
- B60L 2210/30: AC to DC converters
- B60L 2210/40: DC to AC converters
- B60L 2220/00: Electrical machine types; Structures or applications thereof
- H02J 2207/20: Charging or discharging characterised by the power electronics converter
- H02M 1/0043: {Converters switched with a phase shift, i.e. interleaved (non-isolated DC/DC converters H02M3/1586)}
- H02M 1/0058: {by employing soft switching techniques, i.e. commutation of transistors when applied voltage is zero or when current flow is zero (using an auxiliary actively switched resonant commutation circuit connected to an intermediate DC voltage or between two push-pull branches of an inverter bridge H02M7/4811; in resonant inverters H02M7/4815; in inverters operating from a resonant DC source H02M7/4826)}
- H02M 1/007: {Plural converter units in cascade (push-pull DC/DC converters with pre-regulator H02M3/3374; DC-AC converters following a DC-DC stage including a high frequency transformer H02M7/4807; DC-AC converters following a DC-DC conversion stage generating periodically varying voltages H02M7/4826)}
- H02M 1/0074: {Plural converter units whose inputs are connected in series}
- H02M 1/0077: {Plural converter units whose outputs are connected in series}
- H02M 3/1552: {Boost converters exploiting the leakage inductance of a transformer or of an alternator as boost inductor}
- H02M 7/487: Neutral point clamped inverters
- H02M 7/797: using semiconductor devices only
- Y02T 10/92: Energy efficient charging or discharging systems for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors specially adapted for vehicles
- H02M: APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF (transformers H01F; dynamo-electric converters H02K47/00; controlling transformers, reactors or choke coils, control or regulation of electric motors, generators or dynamo-electric converters H02P)
- H02P: CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- B60L: PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES (arrangements or mounting of electrical propulsion units or of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion in vehicles B60K1/00, B60K6/20; arrangements or mounting of electrical gearing in vehicles B60K17/12, B60K17/14; preventing wheel slip by reducing power in rail vehicles B61C15/08; dynamo-electric machines H02K; control or regulation of electric motors H02P); SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES (electric coupling devices combined with mechanical couplings of vehicles B60D1/64; electric heating for vehicles B60H1/00); ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL (control or regulation of electric motors H02P); MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- H02J: ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- Y02T: CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION

## Abstract

A system includes a first power conversion device connected to a first power source, a first isolated power conversion device connected to the first power source, and a second power conversion device connected to the first isolated power conversion device, wherein outputs of the first power conversion device and outputs of the second power conversion device are connected in series, and series-connected outputs of the first power conversion device and the second power conversion device are configured to drive a motor.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A system comprising:
a first power conversion device connected to a first power source;
a first isolated power conversion device connected to the first power source; and
a second power conversion device connected to the first isolated power conversion device, wherein outputs of the first power conversion device and outputs of the second power conversion device are connected in series and configured to drive a motor,
wherein the first power conversion device is a first inverter comprising a first inverting unit, a second inverting unit and a third inverting unit connected in parallel, and wherein each inverting unit of the first inverter includes two output terminals;
wherein the second power conversion device comprises a second inverter comprising a fourth inverting unit, a fifth inverting unit and a sixth inverting unit connected in parallel, and wherein each inverting unit of the second inverter includes two output terminals,
wherein two output terminals of the first inverting unit and two output terminals of the fourth inverting unit of the second inverter are connected in series and further connected to a first phase of the motor,
wherein two output terminals of the second inverting unit and two output terminals of the fifth inverting unit of the second inverter are connected in series and further connected to a second phase of the motor, and
wherein two output terminals of the third inverting unit and two output terminals of the sixth inverting unit of the second inverter are connected in series and further connected to a third phase of the motor;
wherein a common node of the first inverting unit and the fourth inverting unit is configured to be connected to a first phase of a three-phase power source;
wherein a common node of the second inverting unit and the fifth inverting unit is configured to be connected to a second phase of the three-phase power source; and
wherein a common node of the third inverting unit and the sixth inverting unit is configured to be connected to a third phase of the three-phase power source, and wherein the three-phase power source is configured to charge the first power source through a power factor correction device formed by windings of the motor and switches of the second inverter.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The system of claim 1, wherein the first isolated power conversion device is a three-level inductor-inductor-capacitor (LLC) converter.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

The system of claim 1, wherein the first isolated power conversion device comprises a first primary switching network, a first resonant tank, a first transformer and a secondary rectifier connected in cascade.

### Claim 4 (depends on 1)

The system of claim 1, wherein the first isolated power conversion device comprises a first primary switching network, a first resonant tank, a first transformer, a second primary switching network, a second resonant tank, a second transformer and a secondary rectifier,
wherein the first primary switching network, the first resonant tank and a primary winding of the first transformer are connected in cascade,
wherein the second primary switching network, the second resonant tank and a primary winding of the second transformer are connected in cascade, and
wherein a secondary winding of the first transformer and a secondary winding of the second transformer are connected in series and further connected to the secondary rectifier.

### Claim 5 (depends on 1)

The system of claim 1, wherein the first isolated power conversion device comprises a first primary switching network, a first resonant tank, a first transformer, and a plurality of secondary rectifiers, and wherein the plurality of secondary rectifiers is configured to provide isolated power for a plurality of inverting units of the second power conversion device.

### Claim 6 (depends on 1)

The system of claim 1, wherein the first power conversion device is the first inverter having three legs and three output terminals;
wherein a first terminal of the first inverter is connected in series with outputs of the first inverting unit and further connected to the first phase of the motor;
wherein a second terminal of the first inverter is connected in series with outputs of the second inverting unit and further connected to the second phase of the motor; and
wherein a third terminal of the first inverter is connected in series with outputs of the third inverting unit and further connected to the third phase of the motor.

### Claim 7 (depends on 6)

The system of claim 6, wherein the first isolated power conversion device is an LLC converter comprising a primary winding, a first secondary winding, a second secondary winding and a third secondary winding,
wherein the primary winding is connected to the first power source through a primary switching network,
wherein the first secondary winding is connected to the first inverting unit through a first rectifier,
wherein the second secondary winding is connected to the second inverting unit through a second rectifier, and
wherein the third secondary winding is connected to the third inverting unit through a third rectifier.

### Claim 8 (depends on 1)

The system of claim 1, wherein the first power conversion device is the first inverter having three legs and three output terminals, and
wherein the second power conversion device comprises the fourth inverting unit having two legs and the fifth inverting unit having two legs, a first output terminal of the first inverter being both connected to the first phase of the motor and connected in series with outputs of the first inverting unit, a second output terminal of the first inverter being both connected to the second phase of the motor and connected in series with outputs of the second inverting unit, and a third output terminal of the first inverter being connected directly to the third phase of the motor.

### Claim 9 (depends on 1)

The system of claim 1, wherein the first power conversion device is the first inverter having three legs and three output terminals; and
wherein the second power conversion device comprises the fourth inverting unit having three legs and the fifth inverting unit having three legs,
wherein a first output terminal of the first inverter is connected in series with outputs of the first inverting unit and further connected to the first phase of the motor,
wherein a second output terminal of the first inverter is connected in series with outputs of the second inverting unit and further connected to the second phase of the motor, and
wherein a third output terminal of the first inverter is connected to the third phase of the motor directly.

### Claim 10 (depends on 1)

The system of claim 1,
wherein the second power conversion device further comprises a third inverter, the third inverter comprising a seventh inverting unit, an eighth inverting unit, and a ninth inverting unit connected in parallel, each inverting unit of the third inverter including two output terminals,
wherein the two output terminals of the first inverting unit, the two output terminals of the fourth inverting unit, and two output terminals of the seventh inverting unit are connected in series and further connected to the first phase of the motor,
wherein the two output terminals of the second inverting unit, the two output terminals of the fifth inverting unit, and two output terminals of the eighth inverting unit are connected in series and further connected to the second phase of the motor, and
wherein two output terminals of the third inverting unit, two output terminals of the sixth inverting unit and two output terminals of the ninth inverting unit are connected in series and further connected to the third phase of the motor.

### Claim 11

A system comprising:
a first inverter having inputs connected to a battery;
an isolated power converter having inputs connected to the battery; and
a second inverter having inputs connected to outputs of the isolated power converter, and outputs connected in series with outputs of the first inverter, wherein series-connected outputs of the first inverter and the second inverter are configured to drive a motor,
wherein the first inverter comprises a first inverting unit, a second inverting unit, and a third inverting unit connected in parallel, and wherein each inverting unit of the first inverter includes two output terminals;
wherein the second inverter comprises a fourth inverting unit, a fifth inverting unit, and a sixth inverting unit connected in parallel, and wherein each inverting unit of the second inverter includes two output terminals,
wherein two output terminals of the first inverting unit and two output terminals of the fourth inverting unit of the second inverter are connected in series and further connected to a first phase of the motor,
wherein two output terminals of the second inverting unit and two output terminals of the fifth inverting unit of the second inverter are connected in series and further connected to a second phase of the motor, and
wherein two output terminals of the third inverting unit and two output terminals of the sixth inverting unit of the second inverter are connected in series and further connected to a third phase of the motor;
wherein a common node of the first inverting unit and the fourth inverting unit is configured to be connected to a first phase of a three-phase power source;
wherein a common node of the second inverting unit and the fifth inverting unit is configured to be connected to a second phase of the three-phase power source; and
wherein a common node of the third inverting unit and the sixth inverting unit is configured to be connected to a third phase of the three-phase power source, and wherein the three-phase power source is configured to charge the battery through a power factor correction device formed by windings of the motor and switches of the second inverter.

### Claim 12 (depends on 11)

The system of claim 11, wherein during a charging process of the battery, windings of the motor are configured to operate as inductors of a three-phase power factor correction converter.

### Claim 13 (depends on 11)

The system of claim 11, wherein the first inverter is a three-phase full-bridge inverter comprising three output terminals;
wherein a first output terminal of the first inverter is connected in series with outputs of the fourth inverting unit and further connected to the first phase of the motor;
wherein a second output terminal of the first inverter is connected in series with outputs of the fifth inverting unit and further connected to the second phase of the motor; and
wherein a third output terminal of the first inverter is connected in series with outputs of the sixth inverting unit and further connected to the third phase of the motor.

### Claim 14 (depends on 13)

The system of claim 13, wherein the isolated power converter is an inductor-inductor-capacitor (LLC) power converter comprising a primary winding, a first secondary winding, a second secondary winding and a third secondary winding,
wherein the primary winding is connected to the battery through a primary switching network,
wherein the first secondary winding is connected to the fourth inverting unit through a first rectifier,
wherein the second secondary winding is connected to the fifth inverting unit through a second rectifier, and
wherein the third secondary winding is connected to the sixth inverting unit through a third rectifier.

### Claim 15

A method comprising:
driving a motor using a first inverter and a second inverter that are connected in series with one another, the first inverter being connected to a battery, the second inverter being connected to the battery through an isolated power converter; and
charging the battery through a power factor correction device that includes windings of the motor and switches of the second inverter,
wherein the first inverter comprises a first inverting unit, a second inverting unit, and a third inverting unit connected in parallel, and wherein each inverting unit of the first inverter includes two output terminals;
wherein the second inverter comprises a fourth inverting unit, a fifth inverting unit, and a sixth inverting unit connected in parallel, and wherein each inverting unit of the second inverter includes two output terminals,
wherein two output terminals of the first inverting unit and two output terminals of the fourth inverting unit of the second inverter are connected in series and further connected to a first phase of the motor,
wherein two output terminals of the second inverting unit and two output terminals of the fifth inverting unit of the second inverter are connected in series and further connected to a second phase of the motor, and
wherein two output terminals of the third inverting unit and two output terminals of the sixth inverting unit of the second inverter are connected in series and further connected to a third phase of the motor;
wherein a common node of the first inverting unit and the fourth inverting unit is configured to be connected to a first phase of a three-phase power source;
wherein a common node of the second inverting unit and the fifth inverting unit is configured to be connected to a second phase of the three-phase power source; and
wherein a common node of the third inverting unit and the sixth inverting unit is configured to be connected to a third phase of the three-phase power source, and wherein the three-phase power source is configured to charge the battery through the power factor correction device.

### Claim 16 (depends on 15)

The method of claim 15, further comprising:
charging the battery using the three-phase power source, wherein the power factor correction device is configured to adjust input currents flowing into the power factor correction device to achieve a power factor that is within a threshold range of unity.

### Claim 17 (depends on 15)

The method of claim 15, wherein the first inverter comprises three legs, each of the three legs having an output terminal;
wherein a first output terminal of the first inverter is connected in series with outputs of the fourth inverting unit and further connected to the first phase of the motor;
wherein a second output terminal of the first inverter is connected in series with outputs of the fifth inverting unit and further connected to the second phase of the motor, and
wherein a third output terminal of the first inverter is connected in series with outputs of the sixth inverting unit and further connected to the third phase of the motor; and
wherein the isolated power converter comprises a primary winding, a first secondary winding, a second secondary winding and a third secondary winding,
wherein the primary winding is connected to the battery through a primary switching network,
wherein the first secondary winding is connected to the fourth inverting unit through a first rectifier,
wherein the second secondary winding is connected to the fifth inverting unit through a second rectifier, and
wherein the third secondary winding is connected to the sixth inverting unit through a third rectifier.

### Claim 18 (depends on 17)

The method of claim 17, further comprising:
charging the battery using the three-phase power source,
wherein the three-phase power source is connected to the fourth inverting unit through an EMI filter and a first inductor,
wherein the three-phase power source is connected to the fifth inverting unit through the EMI filter and a second inductor, and
wherein the three-phase power source is connected to the sixth inverting unit through the EMI filter and a third inductor.