# US 12,119,654 B2 · Feedforward dynamic multifunctional structure with distributed energy storage system

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- Number: US 12,119,654 B2
- Document ID: US12119654B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 18/328,889
- Filed: 2023-06-05
- Published: 2023-10-05
- Granted: 2024-10-15
- Earliest claimed: 2019-04-30
- Assignees: Michael Gurin
- Applicants: Michael Gurin
- Inventors: Michael Gurin
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US12119654B2

## CPC

- H02J 3/32: using batteries or super capacitors with converting means
- F03D 5/00: Other wind motors (controlling thereof F03D7/00)
- G05B 6/02: electric
- H02J 3/007: Arrangements for selectively connecting one or more loads to one or more power sources or power lines
- H02J 3/28: Arrangements for balancing of the load in networks by storage of energy
- H02J 3/46: Controlling the sharing of generated power between the generators, sources or networks
- H02J 13/12: Monitoring network conditions, e.g. electrical magnitudes or operational status
- H02J 13/13: characterised by the transmission of data to equipment in the power network
- H02J 50/00: Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
- H02J 13/1335: {involving a local wireless network, e.g. Wi-Fi®, ZigBee® or Bluetooth®}
- H02J 2101/28: Wind energy
- H02J 2103/35: Grid-level management of power transmission or distribution systems, e.g. load flow analysis or active network management
- Y02B 90/20: Smart grids as enabling technology in buildings sector (smart grids supporting the management or operation of end-user stationary applications in general, or like technologies with no associated climate change mitigation effect Y04S20/00)
- Y02E 40/70: Smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the energy generation sector
- Y02E 60/00: Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y04S 10/14: Energy storage units
- Y04S 10/50: Systems or methods supporting the power network operation or management, involving a certain degree of interaction with the load-side end user applications
- Y04S 20/00: Management or operation of end-user stationary applications or the last stages of power distribution; Controlling, monitoring or operating thereof
- Y04S 40/126: using wireless data transmission
- H02J: ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- F03D: WIND MOTORS
- G05B: CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS (systems for controlling or regulating non-electric variables G05D; systems for regulating electric or magnetic variables G05F; control devices or systems insofar as characterised by mechanical features only G05G)
- Y02B: CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02E: REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y04S: SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS

## Abstract

A system and method for energy distribution leveraging dynamic feedforward allocation of distributed energy storage using multiple energy distribution pathways to maximize load-balancing to accelerate return on investment, reduce system energy consumption, and maximize utilization of existing energy infrastructure particularly for modular construction.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A modular distributed energy system comprising: an energy flow isolation switch as part of a segmented energy storage system, an energy flow connector being substantially flexible between a first energy flow segment having a first energy storage device in energy flow communication with a first energy consumer of the segmented energy storage system and a second energy flow segment having a second energy storage device in energy flow communication in the segmented energy storage system, whereby the first energy consumer has a first energy flow on the first energy flow segment and a second energy flow on the second energy flow segment, whereby the second energy storage device is dispatchable from a second energy storage device first location to a second energy storage device second location, wherein the first location has a first internal interconnection from the energy flow isolation switch, whereby the first internal interconnection from the energy flow isolation switch is relative to an external interconnection from a grid-source energy source, wherein the second location has a second internal interconnection from the energy flow isolation switch, and whereby the second internal interconnection from the energy flow isolation switch is relative to the external interconnection from the grid-source energy source.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The modular distributed energy system according to claim 1, whereby the first energy consumer is energy flow coupled to the first energy flow segment and is energy flow coupled to the first energy storage device, and whereby the first energy consumer receives energy flow concurrently through a first isolated connection to the first energy flow segment and a second isolated connection to the second energy storage device.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

The modular distributed energy system according to claim 1, whereby the first energy consumer is dispatchable from a first energy storage device first location to a first energy storage device second location.

### Claim 4 (depends on 1)

The modular distributed energy system according to claim 1, whereby the first energy consumer is a heat pump further comprising a thermal cold source and a thermal hot source, and whereby either the thermal cold source or thermal hot source is in thermal communications with the second energy storage device.

### Claim 5 (depends on 1)

The modular distributed energy system according to claim 1, whereby the first energy consumer is further comprised of a thermal cold source or a thermal hot source, whereby either the thermal cold source or thermal hot source is in thermal communications with the second energy storage device, and whereby the second energy storage device is charged at the second energy storage device first location and is discharged at the second energy storage device second location.

### Claim 6 (depends on 1)

The modular distributed energy system according to claim 1, whereby the first energy consumer is further comprised of a thermal cold source or a thermal hot source, whereby either the thermal cold source or thermal hot source is in thermal communications with the second energy storage device, and whereby the second energy storage device is discharged at the second energy storage device first location and is charged at the second energy storage device second location.

### Claim 7 (depends on 1)

The modular distributed energy system according to claim 1, whereby the first energy consumer is further comprised of a carbon dioxide scrubber, and whereby the carbon dioxide scrubber adsorbs at a first scrubber location and desorbs at a second scrubber location.

### Claim 8 (depends on 1)

The modular distributed energy system according to claim 1, further comprising a solid-state air flow generator operable to increase heat transfer away from at least one of the first energy storage device and second energy storage device.

### Claim 9 (depends on 8)

The modular distributed energy system according to claim 8, whereby the solid-state air flow generator is an ion wind generator or a piezoelectric actuator.

### Claim 10 (depends on 1)

The modular distributed energy system according to claim 1, whereby at least one of the first energy storage device and second energy storage device is a ballasted energy storage device and wherein the ballasted energy storage device is below a host device's center of gravity.

### Claim 11 (depends on 10)

The modular distributed energy system according to claim 10, whereby the host device the host device is at least one of a ballasted furniture, a nested seat, a ballasted light fixture, a ballasted speaker, or a nested table.

### Claim 12 (depends on 10)

The modular distributed energy system according to claim 10, whereby the host device the host device is at least one of a wall panel or a panelized device.

### Claim 13 (depends on 12)

The modular distributed energy system according to claim 12, whereby the wall panel or the panelized device is further comprising an exterior portion and whereby a thermal load from the at least first energy storage device or second energy storage device is thermally isolated from the exterior portion of the wall panel or the panelized device.

### Claim 14 (depends on 1)

The modular distributed energy system according to claim 1, further comprised of a control processor having an energy consumer operating parameter regulating a first energy storage charge or discharge rate and a second energy storage charge or discharge rate, whereby the first energy storage charge or discharge rate is varied when the second energy storage device is at a same location as the first energy storage device as compared to when the second energy storage device is at a different location as the first energy storage device.

### Claim 15

A method of tracking variable states of a modular distributed energy system for controlling the modular distributed energy system in transient conditions by a control system comprised of an at least two energy storage systems, an at least two energy flow isolation switches as part of a segmented energy storage system, and an at least one energy consumer, whereby the at least one energy consumer has energy flow from a first energy flow segment of a first energy storage system of the at least two energy storage systems and energy flow from a second energy flow segment of a second energy storage system of the at least two energy storage systems, the method comprising: obtaining in a processor of a control system input data representative of the segmented energy storage system comprising at least a first segmented energy flow segment and a second segmented energy flow segment with each segmented energy flow having an energy flow isolation switch in the segmented energy storage system; calculating via the processor an energy flux of each segmented energy flow segment; calculating via the processor an energy storage charge or discharge rate for each of the at least two energy storage systems and energy consumption of an at least one energy consumer reference transient predicted energy flux based on an input data including historic data, calendar impact data, environmental data and weather data; calculating via the processor a feedforward variable based on the predicted energy flux of each segmented energy flow segment; obtaining in the processor a feedback variable and determining via the processor a control variable based on a multivariable coupled combination of the feedforward variable and a feedback variable based on a real-time energy flow for each segmented energy flow segment relative to a maximum threshold; wherein determining the control variable based on the multivariable coupled combination of the feedforward variable and the feedback variable is calculated by a discretized dynamic equation with control of each energy flow isolation switch and the energy storage charge or discharge rate for each of the at least two energy storage systems, wherein the discretized dynamic equation comprising feedforward response, feedback response, aggregate energy flow as a function of time, individual and aggregate stored energy state of each of the at least two energy storage system; and wherein the control system contemporaneously controls operation of the segmented energy storage system based on the control variable.

### Claim 16 (depends on 15)

The method of claim 15, further including disturbance rejection to attenuate effects of an at least one uncontrolled operating parameter of the at least one energy consumer.

### Claim 17 (depends on 15)

The method of claim 15, wherein obtaining input data includes obtaining data representative of a power generation generator in an interconnected grid or micro-grid.

### Claim 18 (depends on 15)

The method of claim 15, wherein calculating a location of the at least two energy storage systems relative to either the first segmented energy flow segment or the second segmented energy flow segment.

### Claim 19 (depends on 15)

The method of claim 15, wherein calculating a location of the at least two energy storage systems relative to the at least one energy consumer on a same segmented energy flow segment.

### Claim 20 (depends on 15)

The method of claim 15 further comprising summing the energy flux of each segmented energy flow segment based on an input data of an operating parameter of the at least one energy consumer and the control variable to provide multivariable feedback control loop dynamic tuning as the control system contemporaneously controls operation of the modular distributed energy system.