# US 12,119,148 B2 · Porous stabilized beds, methods of manufacture thereof and articles comprising the same > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 12,119,148 B2 - Document ID: US12119148B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 18/322,748 - Filed: 2023-05-24 - Published: 2023-10-05 - Granted: 2024-10-15 - Earliest claimed: 2011-07-08 - Assignees: University of Florida Research Foundation, Inc. - Applicants: University of Florida Research Foundation, Inc. - Inventors: James F. Klausner; Renwei Mei; Ayyoub Mehdizadeh Momen; Kyle Allen - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US12119148B2 ## CPC - H01F 1/01: of inorganic materials (H01F1/44 takes precedence) - B01J 23/745: Iron - B01J 37/0009: {Use of binding agents; Moulding; Pressing; Powdering; Granulating; Addition of materials ameliorating the mechanical properties of the product catalyst} - B01J 37/0221: {of particles} - C01B 32/50: Carbon dioxide - C04B 35/515: based on non-oxide ceramics - C04B 38/0038: {by superficial sintering or bonding of particulate matter} - H01F 1/342: {Oxides (H01F1/36 and H01F1/38 take precedence)} - H01F 41/00: Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties - H01F: MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES - B01J: CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS - C01B: NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; {METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C} - C04B: LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE {(roofing granules E04D7/005)}; CERAMICS (devitrified glass-ceramics C03C10/00); REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE ## Abstract Disclosed herein is a method comprising disposing a first particle in a reactor; the first particle being a magnetic particle or a particle that can be influenced by a magnetic field, an electric field or a combination of an electrical field and a magnetic field; fluidizing the first particle in the reactor; applying a uniform magnetic field, a uniform electrical field or a combination of a uniform magnetic field and a uniform electrical field to the reactor; elevating the temperature of the reactor; and fusing the first particles to form a monolithic solid. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A monolithic solid comprising: a plurality of second particles and a plurality of electrically aligned chains or magnetically aligned chains comprising a plurality of fused first metal particles, wherein the plurality of second particles is present between the electrically aligned chains or magnetically aligned chains, wherein first metal particles are magnetic particles and the second particles are not magnetic particles; wherein the first metal particles comprise an alloy magnet, wherein the alloy magnet does not include a rare earth metal, and the second particle is activated carbon or an inorganic oxide, wherein the inorganic oxide is selected from the group consisting of silica, alumina, zirconia, titania, ceria, iron oxide, and a combination of at least one of the foregoing inorganic oxides. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The monolithic solid of claim 1, wherein the first metal particles comprise iron, cobalt, nickel or a combination comprising at least one of iron, cobalt or nickel. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The monolithic solid of claim 1, wherein the alloy magnet comprises FeOFe2O3, NiOFe2O3, CuOFe2O3, MgOFe2O3, MnBi, MnSb, MnOFe2O, or an alloy comprising the elements aluminum, iron, cobalt and nickel. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The monolithic solid of claim 1, wherein the second particle comprises an inorganic oxide, an inorganic carbide, an inorganic oxycarbide, an inorganic nitride, an inorganic oxynitride, a polymer or a combination thereof. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The monolithic solid of claim 1, wherein the second particle comprises silica or activated carbon. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The monolithic solid of claim 1, wherein the second particle has bulk volume resistivity that is greater than about 1×1011 ohm-cm. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The monolithic solid of claim 1, wherein the monolithic solid is produced from a mixture of first particles and second particles, wherein the first metal particles are from about 10 wt % to about 90 wt % of the mixture, and the second metal particles are from about 10 wt % to about 90 wt % of the mixture. ### Claim 8 (depends on 7) The monolithic solid of claim 7, wherein the first metal particles are from about 20 wt % to about 50 wt % of the mixture. ### Claim 9 (depends on 7) The monolithic solid of claim 7, wherein the second particles are from about 50 wt % to about 80 wt % of the mixture. ### Claim 10 (depends on 7) The monolithic solid of claim 7, wherein the second particles comprise silica or activated carbon having an average particle size of about 50 micrometers to about 75 micrometers, wherein the second particles are from about 50 wt % to about 80 wt % of the mixture. ### Claim 11 (depends on 7) The monolithic solid of claim 7, wherein the second particles comprise silica or activated carbon having an average particle size of about 40 micrometers to about 100 micrometers, wherein the first particles are from about 10 wt % to about 90 wt % of the mixture. ### Claim 12 (depends on 7) The monolithic solid of claim 7, wherein the second particles comprise silica or activated carbon having an average particle size of about 75 micrometers to about 90 micrometers, wherein the first particles are from about 20 wt % to about 50 wt % of the mixture. ### Claim 13 (depends on 1) The monolithic solid of claim 1, wherein the first metal particles have an average particle size of about 75 micrometers to about 90 micrometers. ### Claim 14 (depends on 1) The monolithic solid of claim 1, wherein the second particles have an average particle size of about 50 micrometers to about 75 micrometers. ### Claim 15 (depends on 1) An article comprising the monolithic solid of claim 1.