# US 12,113,522 B2 · Solid-state relay dedicated recirculation path systems and methods

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- Number: US 12,113,522 B2
- Document ID: US12113522B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 17/528,623
- Filed: 2021-11-17
- Published: 2022-03-31
- Granted: 2024-10-08
- Earliest claimed: 2018-10-30
- Assignees: CPS Technology Holdings LLC
- Applicants: CPS Technology Holdings LLC
- Inventors: Ronald J. Dulle; Michael R. Blemberg; Kevin P. Minnickel; Charles S. Tosch
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US12113522B2

## CPC

- H03K 17/687: the devices being field-effect transistors
- H03K 17/795: controlling bipolar transistors
- B60L 3/0084: {relating to control modules}
- B60L 3/04: Cutting off the power supply under fault conditions (protective devices and circuit arrangements in general H01H; H02H)
- B60L 50/50: using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
- H01M 50/574: Devices or arrangements for the interruption of current
- H01M 50/597: Protection against reversal of polarity
- H02J 7/663: {using battery or load disconnect circuits (H02J9/002 takes precedence)}
- H01M 2220/20: Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
- H02J 2105/37: exchanging power with electric vehicles [EV] or with hybrid electric vehicles [HEV]
- Y02E 60/10: Energy storage using batteries
- Y02T 10/70: Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
- H03K: PULSE TECHNIQUE (measuring pulse characteristics G01R; modulating sinusoidal oscillations with pulses H03C; transmission of digital information H04L; discriminator circuits detecting phase difference between two signals by counting or integrating cycles of oscillation H03D3/04; automatic control, starting, synchronisation or stabilisation of generators of electronic oscillations or pulses where the type of generator is irrelevant or unspecified H03L; coding, decoding or code conversion, in general H03M)
- B60L: PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES (arrangements or mounting of electrical propulsion units or of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion in vehicles B60K1/00, B60K6/20; arrangements or mounting of electrical gearing in vehicles B60K17/12, B60K17/14; preventing wheel slip by reducing power in rail vehicles B61C15/08; dynamo-electric machines H02K; control or regulation of electric motors H02P); SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES (electric coupling devices combined with mechanical couplings of vehicles B60D1/64; electric heating for vehicles B60H1/00); ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL (control or regulation of electric motors H02P); MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- H01M: PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H02J: ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- Y02E: REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02T: CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION

## Abstract

Disclosed is a battery system comprising a solid-state relay assembly comprising a device-side driver circuitry having a device-side switching device, a battery-side driver circuitry having a battery-side switching device, a first recirculation driver circuitry, a first recirculation switching device, a second recirculation switching device, and a second recirculation driver circuitry.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A battery system for electrically coupling with an electrical device, the battery system comprising:
a battery;
a solid-state relay system electrically coupled to the battery and to be coupled with the electrical device; and
a control system controlling the solid-state relay system;
wherein the solid-state relay system comprises:
a first battery-side semiconductor switching device electrically connected with the battery via a battery-side node;
a first device-side semiconductor switching device electrically connected to the first battery-side semiconductor switching device at a first node, and to be electrically connected with the electrical device via a device-side node;
a first semiconductor recirculation switching device electrically connected to the first battery-side semiconductor switching device and to the first device-side semiconductor switching device at the first node;
a second semiconductor recirculation switching device electrically connected to the first semiconductor recirculation switching device at a second node;
solid-state battery-side driver circuitry electrically connected to and driving the first semiconductor battery-side switching device;
solid-state device-side driver circuitry electrically connected to and driving the first semiconductor device-side switching device;
first solid-state recirculation driver circuitry electrically connected to and driving the first semiconductor recirculation switching device; and
second solid-state recirculation driver circuitry electrically connected to and driving the second semiconductor recirculation switching device.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The battery system of claim 1, wherein the solid-state relay system further comprises a second battery-side semiconductor switching device, a third battery-side semiconductor switching device, a second device-side semiconductor switching device, and a third device-side semiconductor switching device, all of which being electrically connected at the first node.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

The battery of claim 1, wherein the first semiconductor recirculation switching device comprises a metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor.

### Claim 4 (depends on 1)

The battery system of claim 1, wherein both the first semiconductor recirculation switching device and the second semiconductor recirculation switching device each comprise a metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor.

### Claim 5 (depends on 2)

The battery of claim 2, wherein each of the first battery-side semiconductor switching device, the second battery-side semiconductor switching device, the third battery-side semiconductor switching device, the first device-side semiconductor switching device, the second device-side semiconductor switching device and the third device-side semiconductor switching device comprise a metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor.

### Claim 6

A solid-state relay assembly for electrically connecting a battery with an electrical device, the solid-state relay assembly comprising:
solid-state device-side driver circuitry electrically connected to and driving a semiconductor device-side switching device to be coupled to the electrical device via a device-side node;
solid-state battery-side driver circuitry electrically connected to and driving a semiconductor battery-side switching device to be coupled to the battery via a battery side node, the semiconductor battery-side switching device electrically connected to the semiconductor device-side switching device at a first node;
first solid-state recirculation driver circuitry coupled to and driving a first semiconductor recirculation switching device electrically connected to the semiconductor device-side switching device and to the semiconductor battery-side switching device at the first node; and
second solid-state recirculation driver circuitry coupled to and driving a second semiconductor recirculation switching device electrically connected to the first semiconductor recirculation switching device at a second node.

### Claim 7 (depends on 6)

The solid-state relay assembly of claim 6 wherein the first semiconductor recirculation switching device, the second semiconductor recirculation switching device, or both the first semiconductor recirculation switching device and the second recirculation semiconductor switching device each comprise a metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor.

### Claim 8 (depends on 6)

The solid-state relay assembly of claim 6 wherein the semiconductor device-side switching device comprises a first device-side switching device, a second device-side switching device, and a third device-side switching device.

### Claim 9 (depends on 8)

The solid-state relay assembly of claim 8 wherein the semiconductor battery-side switching device comprises a first battery-side switching device, a second battery-side switching device, and a third battery-side switching device.

### Claim 10 (depends on 6)

The solid-state relay assembly of claim 6, wherein the semiconductor device-side switching device is a metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor.

### Claim 11 (depends on 6)

The solid-state relay assembly of claim 6, wherein the semiconductor battery-side switching device is a metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor.

### Claim 12 (depends on 6)

The solid-state relay assembly of claim 6, wherein the device-side node includes a device-side terminal, and the battery side node includes a battery-side terminal.

### Claim 13 (depends on 6)

The solid-state relay assembly of claim 6, wherein the semiconductor device-side switching device comprises a first device-side switching device and a second device-side switching device coupled in an electrically parallel arrangement, and
wherein the semiconductor battery-side switching device comprises a first battery-side switching device, a second battery-side switching device, and a third battery-side switching device coupled in an electrically parallel arrangement.