# US 12,113,464 B2 · Adjustable frequency drives using normalized modulation control signals to compensate for phase imbalance and methods of operating the same > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 12,113,464 B2 - Document ID: US12113464B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 17/807,162 - Filed: 2022-06-16 - Published: 2023-12-21 - Granted: 2024-10-08 - Earliest claimed: 2022-06-16 - Assignees: Eaton Intelligent Power Limited - Applicants: Eaton Intelligent Power Limited - Inventors: Irving A. Gibbs; Geraldo Nojima; Stan Rex Simms; Thomas A. Farr; Gabriel Braga - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US12113464B2 ## CPC - H02P 27/06: using DC to AC converters or inverters (H02P27/05 takes precedence) - H02P 27/085: {wherein the PWM mode is adapted on the running conditions of the motor, e.g. the switching frequency} - H02P: CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS ## Abstract An apparatus includes a plurality of DC buses and a plurality of inverter circuits, respective ones of which are coupled to respective ones of the plurality of DC buses. The apparatus further includes a control circuit configured to generate a representative DC voltage signal based on DC voltage signals for respective ones of the DC buses, to generate a first modulation control signal from the representative DC voltage signal, to generate second modulation control signals for the respective inverter circuits from the representative DC voltage signal and the first modulation control signal that are normalized based on the DC voltage signals for the buses and the representative DC voltage signal, and to modulate the inverter circuits responsive to respective ones of the second modulation control signals. The representative DC voltage signal may represent a maximum of the DC voltages for the respective DC buses. ## Claims ### Claim 1 An apparatus comprising: a plurality of DC buses; a plurality of inverter circuits, respective ones of which are coupled to respective ones of the plurality of DC buses; and a control circuit configured to generate a representative DC voltage signal based on DC voltage signals for respective ones of the DC buses, to generate a first modulation control signal from the representative DC voltage signal, to generate second modulation control signals for the respective inverter circuits from the representative DC voltage signal and the first modulation control signal that are normalized based on the DC voltage signals for the buses and the representative DC voltage signal, and to modulate the inverter circuits responsive to respective ones of the second modulation control signals, wherein the first modulation control signal comprises a first modulation amplitude index signal and an angle signal and wherein the control circuit is configured to apply an inverse Clarke transformation to the first modulation amplitude index signal and angle signal to generate respective second modulation amplitude index signals, to generate respective gain factors for the respective inverter circuits based on the voltage signals for the DC buses and the representative DC voltage signal, and to scale respective ones of the second modulation amplitude index signals by the respective gain factors to generate respective ones of the second modulation control signals. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the representative DC voltage signal represents a maximum of the DC voltages for the respective DC buses. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the plurality of DC buses comprises a plurality of pairs of positive and negative DC buses, and wherein the DC voltage signals for the DC buses represent voltages between the positive and negative busses of the respective pairs of DC buses. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The apparatus of claim 1 configured as a motor drive, wherein respective ones of the inverter circuits are configured to be coupled to respective phases of a motor. ### Claim 5 (depends on 2) The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the control circuit is configured to control an output frequency of the inverter circuits to limit DC voltages on the buses responsive to the representative DC voltage signal meeting a predetermined criterion. ### Claim 6 A method of operating a motor drive comprising a plurality of DC buses and a plurality of inverter circuits, respective ones of which are coupled to respective ones of the plurality of DC buses, the method comprising: generating a representative DC voltage signal based on DC voltage signals for respective ones of the DC buses; generating a first modulation control signal from the representative DC voltage signal; generating second modulation control signals for respective ones of the inverter circuits from the representative DC voltage signal and the first modulation control signal that are normalized based on the DC voltage signals for the buses and the representative DC voltage signal; and modulating the inverter circuits responsive to respective ones of the second modulation control signals, wherein the first modulation control signal comprises a first modulation amplitude index signal and an angle signal, and wherein generating second modulation control signals comprises: applying an inverse Clarke transformation to the first modulation amplitude index signal and angle signal to generate respective second modulation amplitude index signals for the respective inverter circuits; generating respective gain factors for the respective inverter circuits based on the voltage signals for the DC buses and the representative DC voltage signal; and scaling respective ones of the second modulation amplitude index signals by the respective gain factors to generate respective ones of the second modulation control signals. ### Claim 7 (depends on 6) The method of claim 6, wherein the representative DC voltage signal represents a maximum of the DC voltages for the respective DC buses. ### Claim 8 (depends on 6) The method of claim 6, wherein the plurality of DC buses comprises a plurality of pairs of positive and negative DC buses, and wherein the DC voltage signals for the DC buses represent voltages between the positive and negative busses of the respective pairs of DC buses. ### Claim 9 (depends on 7) The method of claim 7, further comprising controlling an output frequency of the inverter circuits to limit DC voltages on the buses responsive to the representative DC voltage signal meeting a predetermined criterion.