# US 12,113,447 B2 · Apparatus and method for controlling converter > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 12,113,447 B2 - Document ID: US12113447B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 17/861,475 - Filed: 2022-07-11 - Published: 2023-03-09 - Granted: 2024-10-08 - Earliest claimed: 2021-09-06 - Assignees: Hyundai Motor Company; Kia Corporation - Applicants: Hyundai Motor Company; Kia Corporation - Inventors: Dae Woo Lee; Tae Jong Ha; Byung Gu Kang - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US12113447B2 ## CPC - H02M 3/33573: {Full-bridge at primary side of an isolation transformer} - H02M 1/0009: {Devices or circuits for detecting current in a converter} - H02M 1/0054: {Transistor switching losses (periodically suspending operation of switching converter in low power mode H02M1/0035)} - H02M 1/0058: {by employing soft switching techniques, i.e. commutation of transistors when applied voltage is zero or when current flow is zero (using an auxiliary actively switched resonant commutation circuit connected to an intermediate DC voltage or between two push-pull branches of an inverter bridge H02M7/4811; in resonant inverters H02M7/4815; in inverters operating from a resonant DC source H02M7/4826)} - H02M 3/01: {Resonant DC/DC converters} - H02M 3/33571: {Half-bridge at primary side of an isolation transformer} - Y02B 70/10: Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes - H02M: APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF (transformers H01F; dynamo-electric converters H02K47/00; controlling transformers, reactors or choke coils, control or regulation of electric motors, generators or dynamo-electric converters H02P) - Y02B: CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS ## Abstract An embodiment apparatus includes a converter including a plurality of switching elements configured as a bridge circuit connected to an input terminal and having a plurality of bridge arms, wherein a topology of the converter is configured to be switchable to a full-bridge type topology or a half-bridge type topology, and wherein a resonant capacitor is connected to a midpoint between respective ones of the bridge arms, and a controller configured to switch the topology of the converter to the full-bridge type or the half-bridge type by controlling whether the resonant capacitor is activated based on a load current of the converter. ## Claims ### Claim 1 An apparatus comprising: a converter comprising a plurality of switching elements configured as a bridge circuit connected to an input terminal and having a plurality of bridge arms, wherein a topology of the converter is configured to be switchable to a full-bridge type topology or a half-bridge type topology, and wherein a resonant capacitor is connected to a midpoint between respective ones of the bridge arms; and a controller configured to switch the topology of the converter to the full-bridge type topology or the half-bridge type topology by controlling whether the resonant capacitor is activated based on a load current of the converter, wherein the controller is configured to control whether the resonant capacitor is activated according to whether a load current value of the converter is within a predetermined low current region or a predetermined high current region. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the controller is configured to switch the topology of the converter by controlling to turn on-off the plurality of switching elements based on the load current value of the converter. ### Claim 3 (depends on 2) The apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the controller is configured to switch the topology of the converter by controlling to turn on-off the plurality of switching elements based on the load current value of the converter detected by a current sensor provided on a load of the converter. ### Claim 4 (depends on 3) The apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the controller is configured to control activation of the resonant capacitor in response to the load current value of the converter detected by the current sensor provided on the load of the converter being within the predetermined low current region. ### Claim 5 (depends on 3) The apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the controller is configured to control inactivation of the resonant capacitor in response to the load current value of the converter detected by the current sensor provided on the load of the converter being within the predetermined high current region. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the plurality of switching elements comprises a first switch and a third switch connected in series to a first bridge arm of the input terminal and a second switch and a fourth switch connected in series to a second bridge arm of the input terminal; the converter comprises the resonant capacitor having a first end connected to the first bridge arm between the first switch and the third switch and a second end connected to the second bridge arm between the second switch and the fourth switch; and the resonant capacitor further comprises a control switch connected in parallel to the resonant capacitor. ### Claim 7 (depends on 6) The apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the controller is configured to control whether the resonant capacitor is activated by controlling an operation of the control switch based on the load current of the converter. ### Claim 8 (depends on 7) The apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the control switch comprises a first end connected to the second bridge arm between the second switch and the fourth switch and a second end connected to the first bridge arm between the first switch and the third switch, and wherein the control switch is configured to turn on or off whether the resonant capacitor is activated according to control by the controller. ### Claim 9 (depends on 7) The apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the controller is configured to control to deactivate the resonant capacitor in response to the control switch being controlled to be turned on, and control to activate the resonant capacitor in response to the control switch being controlled to be turned off. ### Claim 10 A method for controlling a converter, the method comprising: detecting a load current of the converter, which comprises a bridge circuit; and switching a topology of the converter by controlling whether a resonant capacitor connected between first and second bridge arms constituting the bridge circuit, the switching being activated based on the detected load current of the converter, wherein the controlling comprises controlling whether the resonant capacitor is activated according to whether a detected load side current value of the converter is within a predetermined low current region or a predetermined high current region. ### Claim 11 (depends on 10) The method according to claim 10, wherein the topology of the converter comprises a full-bridge type or a half-bridge type. ### Claim 12 (depends on 11) The method according to claim 11, wherein converting the topology of the converter comprises switching to the half-bridge type in response to the detected load side current value of the converter being within the predetermined low current region. ### Claim 13 (depends on 11) The method according to claim 11, wherein converting the topology of the converter comprises switching to the full-bridge type in response to the detected load side current value of the converter being within the predetermined high current region. ### Claim 14 (depends on 10) The method according to claim 10, wherein switching the topology of the converter is performed by controlling to turn on-off a plurality of switches disposed at an input terminal of the converter. ### Claim 15 (depends on 10) The method according to claim 10, wherein switching the topology of the converter comprises controlling an operation of a control switch connected in parallel to the resonant capacitor based on the load current of the converter to control whether the resonant capacitor is activated. ### Claim 16 A method of controlling a converter comprising a plurality of switching elements arranged as a bridge circuit connected to an input terminal, the bridge circuit comprising a plurality of bridge arms, the method comprising: connecting a resonant capacitor to a midpoint between respective ones of the bridge arms; and switching a topology of the converter to a full-bridge type or a half-bridge type by controlling whether the resonant capacitor is activated based on a load current of the converter, wherein the controlling comprises controlling whether the resonant capacitor is activated according to whether a load current value of the converter is within a predetermined low current region or a predetermined high current region. ### Claim 17 (depends on 16) The method according to claim 16, wherein switching the topology of the converter comprises controlling to turn on-off the plurality of switching elements based on the load current value of the converter. ### Claim 18 (depends on 16) The method according to claim 16, wherein: the plurality of switching elements comprises a first switch and a third switch connected in series to a first bridge arm of the input terminal and a second switch and a fourth switch connected in series to a second bridge arm of the input terminal; the converter comprises the resonant capacitor having a first end connected to the first bridge arm between the first switch and the third switch and a second end connected to the second bridge arm between the second switch and the fourth switch; and the resonant capacitor further comprises a control switch connected in parallel to the resonant capacitor. ### Claim 19 (depends on 18) The method according to claim 18, wherein controlling whether the resonant capacitor is activated comprises controlling an operation of the control switch based on the load current of the converter. ### Claim 20 (depends on 18) The method according to claim 18, further comprising: deactivating the resonant capacitor in response to the control switch being controlled to be turned on; and activating the resonant capacitor in response to the control switch being controlled to be turned off.