# US 12,113,446 B2 · Control circuit, corresponding electronic converter device and method of operating thereof > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 12,113,446 B2 - Document ID: US12113446B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 17/698,786 - Filed: 2022-03-18 - Published: 2022-09-29 - Granted: 2024-10-08 - Earliest claimed: 2021-03-29 - Assignees: STMicroelectronics S.r.l. - Applicants: STMicroelectronics S.r.l. - Inventors: Francesco Ferrazza; Mirko Gravati; Christian Leone Santoro - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US12113446B2 ## CPC - H02M 3/335: using semiconductor devices only - H02M 3/33523: {with galvanic isolation between input and output of both the power stage and the feedback loop} - H02M 1/0012: {Control circuits using digital or numerical techniques (in DC/DC converters H02M3/157, H02M3/33515; in DC-AC converters H02M7/53873)} - H02M 1/0022: {the disturbance parameters being input voltage fluctuations} - H02M 1/0025: {Arrangements for modifying reference values, feedback values or error values in the control loop of a converter} - H02M 1/08: Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters - H02M 1/32: Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection - H02M 1/0009: {Devices or circuits for detecting current in a converter} - H02M 3/158: including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load - H02M: APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF (transformers H01F; dynamo-electric converters H02K47/00; controlling transformers, reactors or choke coils, control or regulation of electric motors, generators or dynamo-electric converters H02P) ## Abstract A control circuit for controlling a switching stage of an electronic converter includes a first terminal configured to provide a drive signal and a second terminal configured to receive a first feedback signal. A third terminal receives a second feedback signal and a driver circuit provides the drive signal as a function of a PWM signal. A PWM signal generator circuit generates the PWM signal as a function of the first feedback signal, a reference threshold and the second feedback signal or a slope compensation signal. The control circuit is configured to sense an input signal, provide a first compensation parameter, and provide a first compensating signal as a function of a power of the input sensing signal. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A control circuit for controlling a switching stage of an electronic converter configured to receive an input voltage at input terminals of the electronic converter and to provide an output voltage at output terminals of the electronic converter, the switching stage including an inductance, the control circuit comprising: a first terminal configured to provide a drive signal to an electronic switch of said switching stage; a second terminal configured to receive from a feedback circuit a first feedback signal proportional to said output voltage; a third terminal configured to receive from a current sensor a second feedback signal proportional to a current flow in an inductance of said switching stage; a driver circuit configured to provide said drive signal as a function of a Pulse-Width Modulation (PWM) signal; and a PWM signal generator circuit configured to generate said PWM signal as a function of said first feedback signal, a reference threshold and said second feedback signal or a slope compensation signal, wherein the control circuit includes processing circuitry configured to: sense an input sensing signal in response to said input voltage being received at said input terminals; and provide a first compensation parameter and provide a first compensating signal as a function of said input sensing signal elevated to a power equal to an incremented first compensation parameter. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The control circuit of claim 1, wherein said PWM signal generator circuit includes a comparator circuit configured to perform a comparison of one of said second feedback signal or the slope compensation signal and said threshold, and the PWM signal generator circuit is configured to generate said PWM signal based on said comparison. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The control circuit of claim 1, wherein the processing circuitry is configured to: provide a second compensating signal based on the input sensing signal, the second compensating signal being indicative of a waveform of the input sensing signal; provide a third compensating signal as an inverse of a product of the first compensating signal times the second compensating signal, the third compensating signal indicative of a maximum value for said first feedback signal; apply duty cycle modulation to the third compensating signal based on said control signal; and adjust a maximum power level of the input sensing signal based on the third compensating signal. ### Claim 4 (depends on 3) The control circuit of claim 3, comprising a multiplier circuit block configured to receive the input sensing signal, and coupled to the processing circuitry and configured to receive the third compensating signal therefrom, the multiplier circuit block having a scaling factor and configured to provide a product of the input voltage times the scaling factor times the third compensating signal, obtaining a threshold value for a power of the input signal. ### Claim 5 (depends on 4) The control circuit of claim 4, wherein the threshold value for a power of the input signal is expressed as T = K m · V FBmax 2 · K ff · R S where: VFBamx is the maximum value for said first feedback signal; Km is said scaling factor; Kff is a further scaling factor; RS is a resistance of said current sensor. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The control circuit of claim 1, wherein the processing circuitry comprises: a peak detector circuit block configured to detect a peak value of the input sensing signal, the peak detector having an adjustable gain block and a holding time interval; and a power calculator circuit block configured to multiply by itself the detected peak value of the input sensing signal a number of times equal to said incremented first compensation parameter. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The control circuit of claim 1, wherein the processing circuitry comprises: a normalization processing circuit block configured to apply normalization processing to the input sensing signal, providing a normalized signal with unitary amplitude as a result, the normalized signal being indicative of a waveform of the input sensing signal; a power calculator circuit block configured to receive the normalized signal and to provide a power spectrum thereof; and an integrator circuit block configured to receive the power spectrum of the normalized signal and to apply integration processing thereto, providing an integrated signal over time as a result. ### Claim 8 (depends on 7) The control circuit of claim 7, wherein the integrator circuit block includes a low pass filter. ### Claim 9 (depends on 1) The control circuit of claim 1, wherein the processing circuitry comprises: a normalization processing circuit block configured to apply normalization processing to the input sensing signal, providing a normalized signal with unitary amplitude as a result, the normalized signal being indicative of a waveform of the input sensing signal; a plurality of memory registers configured to store a set of integrated signal values indicative of an integral over time of a square power of at least two different waveforms; a waveform detecting circuit block configured to perform a comparison of a set of parameters of the normalized signal with threshold values, providing a selecting signal as a result of said comparison, wherein each parameter value in said set of parameters is associated with an integrated signal value stored in the plurality of memory registers; and a selecting circuit block configured to access a memory register in the plurality of memory registers based on the selecting signal obtained, the accessed memory register being associated to the detected waveform of the input sensing signal. ### Claim 10 (depends on 9) The control circuit of claim 9, wherein the selecting circuit block includes a multiplexer. ### Claim 11 (depends on 9) The control circuit of claim 9, wherein the set of parameters of the normalized signal comprises at least one of: a ratio between a peak value and an average value of the normalized signal; one or more periodical threshold crossings; and time periods between different levels of threshold crossing. ### Claim 12 (depends on 1) The control circuit of claim 1, wherein the processing circuitry comprises: a converter circuit block configured to receive an input voltage signal and to convert it to an electrical current signal; a resistive branch coupled to a switching circuit configured to be driven to switch based on said output signal; and a capacitive branch arranged in parallel to the resistive branch to provide an average of said switching voltage as an output signal. ### Claim 13 An electronic converter, comprising: input terminals configured to receive an input voltage; output terminals configured to provide an output voltage; a switching stage comprising an inductance; and a control circuit coupled to said switching stage, the control circuit including: a first terminal configured to provide a drive signal to an electronic switch of said switching stage; a second terminal configured to receive from a feedback circuit a first feedback signal proportional to said output voltage; a third terminal configured to receive from a current sensor a second feedback signal proportional to a current flow in an inductance of said switching stage; a driver circuit configured to provide said drive signal as a function of a Pulse-Width Modulation (PWM) signal; and a PWM signal generator circuit configured to generate said PWM signal as a function of said first feedback signal, a reference threshold and said second feedback signal or a slope compensation signal, wherein the control circuit includes processing circuitry configured to: sense an input sensing signal in response to said input voltage being received at said input terminals; and provide a first compensation parameter and provide a first compensating signal as a function of said input sensing signal elevated to a power equal to an incremented first compensation parameter. ### Claim 14 (depends on 13) The electronic converter of claim 13, wherein said PWM signal generator circuit includes a comparator circuit configured to perform a comparison of one of said second feedback signal or the slope compensation signal and said threshold, and the PWM signal generator circuit is configured to generate said PWM signal based on said comparison. ### Claim 15 (depends on 14) The electronic converter of claim 14, wherein the processing circuitry is configured to: provide a second compensating signal based on the input sensing signal, the second compensating signal being indicative of a waveform of the input sensing signal; provide a third compensating signal as an inverse of a product of the first compensating signal times the second compensating signal, the third compensating signal indicative of a maximum value for said first feedback signal; apply duty cycle modulation to the third compensating signal based on said control signal; and adjust a maximum power level of the input sensing signal based on the third compensating signal. ### Claim 16 (depends on 15) The electronic converter of claim 15, wherein the control circuit further includes a multiplier circuit block configured to receive the input sensing signal, and coupled to the processing circuitry and configured to receive the third compensating signal therefrom, the multiplier circuit block having a scaling factor and configured to provide a product of the input voltage times the scaling factor times the third compensating signal, obtaining a threshold value for a power of the input signal. ### Claim 17 A method of controlling a switching stage of an electronic converter, the electronic converter having input terminals configured to receive an input voltage and output terminals configured to provide an output voltage, the switching stage including an inductance, the method comprising: providing, at a first terminal of a control circuit, a drive signal to an electronic switch of said switching stage; receiving, at a second terminal of the control circuit, a first feedback signal proportional to said output voltage; receiving, at a third terminal of the control circuit, a second feedback signal proportional to a current flow in an inductance of said switching stage; providing, by a driver circuit of the control circuit, said drive signal as a function of a Pulse-Width Modulation (PWM) signal; and generating, by a PWM signal generator circuit of the control circuit, said PWM signal as a function of said first feedback signal, a reference threshold and said second feedback signal or a slope compensation signal; sensing, by processing circuitry of the control circuit, an input sensing signal in response to said input voltage being received at said input terminals; and providing, by the processing circuitry, a first compensation parameter and a first compensating signal as a function of said input sensing signal elevated to a power equal to an incremented first compensation parameter. ### Claim 18 (depends on 17) The method of claim 17, wherein generating the PWM signal includes performing a comparison, by a comparator circuit, of one of said second feedback signal or the slope compensation signal and said threshold, and the PWM signal generator circuit is configured to generate said PWM signal based on said comparison. ### Claim 19 (depends on 17) The method of claim 17, further comprising: providing, by the processing circuitry, a second compensating signal based on the input sensing signal, the second compensating signal being indicative of a waveform of the input sensing signal; providing, by the processing circuitry, a third compensating signal as an inverse of a product of the first compensating signal times the second compensating signal, the third compensating signal indicative of a maximum value for said first feedback signal; applying, by the processing circuitry, duty cycle modulation to the third compensating signal based on said control signal; and adjusting, by the processing circuitry, a maximum power level of the input sensing signal based on the third compensating signal. ### Claim 20 (depends on 19) The method of claim 19, further comprising: receiving, by a multiplier circuit block of the control circuit, the input sensing signal and the third compensating signal; and providing, by the multiplier circuit block, a threshold value for a power of the input as a product of the input voltage times a scaling factor times the third compensating signal.