# US 12,113,359 B2 · Method and systems for electrical power transfer

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- Number: US 12,113,359 B2
- Document ID: US12113359B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 18/235,802
- Filed: 2023-08-18
- Published: 2023-12-14
- Granted: 2024-10-08
- Earliest claimed: 2020-05-14
- Assignees: GoPlug Inc.
- Applicants: GoPlug Inc.
- Inventors: George Betak; Donald J. Christian; John J. Matranga
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US12113359B2

## CPC

- H02J 3/0012: characterised by the contingency detection means in AC networks, e.g. using phasor measurement units [PMU], synchrophasors or contingency analysis
- G05B 9/02: electric
- H02J 13/12: Monitoring network conditions, e.g. electrical magnitudes or operational status
- G01R 27/16: Measuring impedance of element or network through which a current is passing from another source, e.g. cable, power line
- Y02E 60/00: Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y04S 10/30: State monitoring, e.g. fault, temperature monitoring, insulator monitoring, corona discharge
- H02J: ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- G05B: CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS (systems for controlling or regulating non-electric variables G05D; systems for regulating electric or magnetic variables G05F; control devices or systems insofar as characterised by mechanical features only G05G)
- G01R: MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES (indicating correct tuning of resonant circuits H03J3/12)
- Y02E: REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y04S: SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS

## Abstract

An apparatus and methods are disclosed for monitoring the operation of an electrical power-transfer system and detecting and handling hazardous and undesirable system states. In accordance with one embodiment, an electrical signal is injected into the electrical power-transfer system. During or after the injection of the electrical signal, an electrical property between a first sensor and a second sensor are measured to obtain a measurement. The electrical power-transfer system is determined to be in a hazardous state based on the measurement, and in response to the determination one or more actions are performed to correct the hazardous state.

## Claims

### Claim 1

An electrical power transfer system, wherein the electrical power-transfer system comprises an electrical power source, an electrical load, a first thermal sensor, a second thermal sensor, a third thermal sensor, a first conductor, a second conductor, and a third conductor, and wherein the first thermal sensor is electrically coupled to the second thermal sensor and thermally connected to the first conductor, and wherein the second thermal sensor is electrically coupled to the third thermal sensor and thermally connected to the second conductor, and wherein the third thermal sensor is electrically connected to the first thermal sensor and thermally connected to the third conductor,
measuring:
(1) a property between the first thermal sensor and the second thermal sensor to obtain a first measurement,
(2) the property between the second thermal sensor and the third thermal sensor to obtain a second measurement, and
(3) a property between the first thermal sensor and the third thermal sensor to obtain a third measurement;
determining that the electrical power-transfer system is in a suboptimal state based on the first measurement, the second measurement, and the third measurement; and in response to the determining that the electrical power transfer system is in the suboptimal state, performing one or more actions to correct the suboptimal state.

### Claim 2

A method in an electrical power transfer system, wherein the electrical power-transfer system comprises an electrical power source, an electrical load, a first thermal sensor, a second thermal sensor, a third thermal sensor, a first conductor, a second conductor, and a third conductor, and wherein the first thermal sensor is electrically coupled to the second thermal sensor and thermally connected to the first conductor, and wherein the second thermal sensor is electrically coupled to the third thermal sensor and thermally connected to the second conductor, and wherein the third thermal sensor is electrically connected to the first thermal sensor and thermally insulated from the third conductor,
measuring:
(1) a property between the first thermal sensor and the second thermal sensor to obtain a first measurement,
(2) the property between the second thermal sensor and the third thermal sensor to obtain a second measurement, and
(3) a property between the first thermal sensor and the third thermal sensor to obtain a third measurement; and
determining that the electrical power-transfer system is in a suboptimal state based on the first measurement, the second measurement, and the third measurement and in response performing one or more actions to correct the suboptimal state.

### Claim 3

A method in an electrical power transfer system, wherein the electrical power-transfer system comprises an electrical power source, an electrical load, a first thermal sensor, a second thermal sensor, a third thermal sensor, a first conductor, a second conductor, and a third conductor, and wherein the first thermal sensor is electrically connected to the second thermal sensor and thermally connected to the first conductor, and wherein the second thermal sensor is electrically connected to the third thermal sensor and thermally connected to the second conductor, and wherein the third thermal sensor is electrically connected to the first thermal sensor and thermally connected to the third conductor,
measuring:
(1) a property between the first thermal sensor and the second thermal sensor to obtain a first measurement,
(2) the property between the second thermal sensor and the third thermal sensor to obtain a second measurement, and
(3) a property between the first thermal sensor and the third thermal sensor to obtain a third measurement;
determining that the electrical power-transfer system is in a hazard state based on the first measurement, the second measurement, and the third measurement; and
performing one or more actions to correct the hazard state.

### Claim 4

A method in an electrical power transfer system, wherein the electrical power-transfer system comprises an electrical power source, an electrical load, a first thermal sensor, a second thermal sensor, a first conductor, and a second conductor, wherein the first thermal sensor is electrically connected to the second thermal sensor and thermally connected to the first conductor, wherein the second thermal sensor is electrically connected to the first thermal sensor and thermally connected to the second conductor, measuring a property between the first thermal sensor and the second thermal sensor to obtain a measurement, and in response to the determining that the electrical power transfer system is in a suboptimal state, performing one or more actions to correct the suboptimal state.