# US 12,113,190 B2 · Thermal responsive electrode structure for lithium-ion batteries > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 12,113,190 B2 - Document ID: US12113190B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 17/521,864 - Filed: 2021-11-09 - Published: 2022-05-26 - Granted: 2024-10-08 - Earliest claimed: 2020-11-23 - Assignees: Nano and Advanced Materials Institute Limited - Applicants: Nano and Advanced Materials Institute Limited - Inventors: Zhengfu Qiu; Wing Lung Hon; Yuen Yung Chan; Cheuk Yin Lee; Shengbo Lu; Chi Ho Kwok; Chenmin Liu - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US12113190B2 ## CPC - H01M 10/653: characterised by electrically insulating or thermally conductive materials - H01M 4/0404: {by coating on electrode collectors} - H01M 4/13: Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof - H01M 4/366: {as layered products} - H01M 4/622: {being polymers} - H01M 10/0525: Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries - H01M 10/654: located inside the innermost case of the cells, e.g. mandrels, electrodes or electrolytes - Y02E 60/10: Energy storage using batteries - H01M: PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY - Y02E: REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION ## Abstract The present invention provides a thermally-decomposable consolidated polymer particle encapsulated-electrode for a lithium-ion battery. The electrode includes polymer particles including at least one connection unit and at least one crosslinker in an amount of approximately 40% to 98% by weight and at least one binder material in an amount of approximately from 2% to 60% by weight. The consolidated crosslinked polymer particle coating results in a porous structure encapsulating the electrode. The pressure resistance of the consolidated crosslinked polymer particle coating ranges approximately from 0.5 to 8 MPa and the consolidated crosslinked polymer particle coating is decomposed to release a non-flammable gas and phosphorous-containing molecules so as to prevent thermal runaway at a temperature approximately from 300° C. to 500° C. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A thermally-decomposable consolidated polymer particle coated electrode for a lithium-ion battery comprising: an electrode selected from a cathode including a lithium-based material selected from the group consisting of lithium manganese oxide (LMO), lithium cobalt oxide (LCO), lithium nickel manganese cobalt oxide (NMC), and lithium iron phosphate (LFP), or an anode selected from the group consisting of graphene, graphite, lithium titanate (LTO), a silicon compound, a silicon carbon composite, a tin-containing compound, and a tin-based composite; a consolidated crosslinked polymer particle coating forming a porous structure from 3 μm to 40 μm on at least one surface of the electrode, the consolidated crosslinked polymer particle coating consisting essentially of a crosslinked cyclotriphosphazene and a binder having the following structure: wherein a crosslinker R is selected from one of the following: the consolidated crosslinked polymer particle coating having a porosity of approximately 25% to 80% and wherein the at least one crosslinker R is in an amount of approximately from 25% to 50% by weight of the polymer particles, the diameter of the polymer particle is approximately from 0.05 μm to 8 μm; the pressure resistance of the consolidated crosslinked polymer particle coating ranges approximately from 0.5 to 8 MPa; and wherein the consolidated crosslinked polymer particle coating decomposes to release a non-flammable gas and phosphorus-containing molecules to prevent fire and thermal runaway at a temperature from approximately 300° C. to 500° C. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The thermally-decomposable consolidated polymer particle coated electrode for a lithium-ion battery of claim 1, wherein the shape of the polymer particles includes regular-shaped spherical particles, irregular-shaped particles, rods, tubes and tubules. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The thermally-decomposable consolidated polymer particle coated electrode for a lithium-ion battery of claim 1, wherein the binder is selected from the group consisting of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), Poly(acrylic acid) (PAA), Polyurethane (PU), poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), poly(vinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene) (PVDF-HFP), polyacrylonitrile (PAN), poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA), cellulose. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The thermally-decomposable consolidated polymer particle coated electrode for a lithium-ion battery of claim 1, wherein the non-flammable gas forming unit and phosphorus-containing unit further includes elements selected from P, N, Cl, S, O, F, Br, C, Si and Al. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The thermally-decomposable consolidated polymer particle coated electrode for a lithium-ion battery of claim 1, wherein the consolidated crosslinked polymer particle coating is fabricated by methods selected from ultrasonic spraying, electrostatic spraying, doctor blade coating, slit coating, micro gravure coating and spin coating. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The thermally-decomposable consolidated polymer particle coated electrode for a lithium-ion battery of claim 1, wherein the non-flammable gas includes nitrogen, ammonia, carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide and water vapor. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The thermally-decomposable consolidated polymer particle coated electrode for a lithium-ion battery of claim 1, wherein the phosphorus-containing molecules include phosphorus based free radicals (e.g., PO•, PO2•, HIPO2•, etc.), phosphonic acid derivatives and polyphosphoric acid derivatives. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) A lithium-ion battery comprising the thermally-decomposable consolidated polymer particle coated electrode of claim 1. ### Claim 9 (depends on 1) The thermally-decomposable consolidated polymer particle coated electrode for a lithium-ion battery according to claim 1, wherein the crosslinked cyclotriphosphazene has the following chemical structure: ### Claim 10 (depends on 1) The thermally-decomposable consolidated polymer particle coated electrode for a lithium-ion battery according to claim 1, wherein the crosslinked cyclotriphosphazene has the following chemical structure. ### Claim 11 (depends on 1) The thermally-decomposable consolidated polymer particle coated electrode for a lithium-ion battery according to claim 1, wherein the electrode is an anode. ### Claim 12 (depends on 1) The thermally-decomposable consolidated polymer particle coated electrode for a lithium-ion battery according to claim 1, wherein the electrode is a cathode.