# US 12,112,663 B2 · Boundary smoothing in a display > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 12,112,663 B2 - Document ID: US12112663B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 18/165,648 - Filed: 2023-02-07 - Published: 2023-10-12 - Granted: 2024-10-08 - Earliest claimed: 2020-08-18 - Applicants: Apple Inc. - Inventors: Juan He; Yi Huang; Jun Qi; ByoungSuk Kim; Hao Chen; Ping-Yen Chou; Yi-Pai Huang; Yue Ma; Sheng Zhang - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US12112663B2 ## CPC - G09G 3/001: {using specific devices not provided for in groups G09G3/02 - G09G3/36, e.g. using an intermediate record carrier such as a film slide; Projection systems; Display of non-alphanumerical information, solely or in combination with alphanumerical information, e.g. digital display on projected diapositive as background (slide projectors per se G03B23/00 = 42 HP)} - H04N 13/305: using lenticular lenses, e.g. arrangements of cylindrical lenses - G02B 30/27: involving lenticular arrays - G09G 3/03: {specially adapted for displays having non-planar surfaces, e.g. curved displays} - G09G 2320/02: Improving the quality of display appearance - G09G 2320/041: Temperature compensation - G09G 2320/0626: for control of overall brightness - G09G: ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION (arrangements for transferring data between digital computers and displays G06F3/14; static indicating arrangements comprising an association of a number of separate sources or light control cells G09F9/00; static indicating arrangements comprising integral associations of a number of light sources H01J, H01K, H10H, H05B33/12; scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, e.g. facsimile transmission, details thereof H04N1/00) - H04N: PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION - G02B: OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS ## Abstract An electronic device may include a lenticular display. The lenticular display may have a lenticular lens film formed over an array of pixels. The lenticular lenses may be configured to enable stereoscopic viewing of the display such that a viewer perceives three-dimensional images. To mitigate jaggedness in a curved edge of the active area, control circuitry may modify input pixel data for the display using dimming factors. Each brightness value of the pixel data may be multiplied by a corresponding dimming factor such that the curved edge has a smooth appearance. Each physical pixel in the display may have an associated perceived pixel that is based on an appearance of that physical pixel through the lenticular lens film. The perceived pixel may have a different footprint than its corresponding physical pixel. The dimming factors for boundary smoothing in the curved edges may be based on the perceived pixels. ## Claims ### Claim 1 An electronic device comprising: a display, wherein the display comprises: an array of physical pixels; and a lenticular lens film formed over the array of physical pixels, wherein each physical pixel has an associated perceived pixel based on an appearance of that physical pixel through the lenticular lens film, wherein each physical pixel has a first footprint, and wherein the perceived pixel for each physical pixel has a second footprint that is different than the first footprint; control circuitry configured to: receive pixel data for the array of physical pixels; and apply dimming factors to the pixel data, wherein the dimming factor for each physical pixel is based on the perceived pixel for that physical pixel. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The electronic device defined in claim 1, wherein an active area of the display has a curved edge that follows a target boundary. ### Claim 3 (depends on 2) The electronic device defined in claim 2, wherein the dimming factor for each physical pixel is based on a position of the illuminated area for that physical pixel relative to the target boundary. ### Claim 4 (depends on 2) The electronic device defined in claim 2, wherein each illuminated area has a center and wherein the dimming factor for each physical pixel is based on a position of the center of the illuminated area for that physical pixel relative to the target boundary. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The electronic device defined in claim 1, wherein, for at least some of the physical pixels, the second footprint has a larger area than the first footprint. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The electronic device defined in claim 1, wherein, for at least some of the physical pixels, the second footprint has a center that is shifted relative to a center of the first footprint. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The electronic device defined in claim 1, wherein applying the dimming factors to the pixel data comprises multiplying a brightness value for each physical pixel by a respective dimming factor. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The electronic device defined in claim 1, wherein the array of physical pixels is formed in a display panel that has convex curvature. ### Claim 9 (depends on 1) The electronic device defined in claim 1, further comprising: a temperature sensor configured to obtain temperature data, wherein the dimming factor for each physical pixel is further based on the temperature data. ### Claim 10 (depends on 1) The electronic device defined in claim 1, wherein apply dimming factors to the pixel data comprises apply dimming factors to the pixel data to obtain modified pixel data and wherein the electronic device further comprises: display driver circuitry configured to provide the modified pixel data to the display. ### Claim 11 An electronic device comprising: a display panel comprising an array of pixels; a lenticular lens film formed over the array of pixels, wherein each pixel has a respective first footprint and has an associated front-of-screen pixel at a surface of the lenticular lens film, wherein each front-of-screen pixel has a respective second footprint, and wherein, for at least some of the pixels, the second footprint is different than the first footprint; and control circuitry configured to apply dimming factors to pixel data for the array of pixels, wherein the dimming factor for each pixel is based on a position of the second footprint for the front-of-screen pixel for that pixel. ### Claim 12 (depends on 11) The electronic device defined in claim 11, wherein the display panel is configured to emit light over an active area and wherein the active area has a curved edge. ### Claim 13 (depends on 12) The electronic device defined in claim 12, wherein the dimming factor for each pixel is based on a position of the second footprint relative to a target boundary for the curved edge. ### Claim 14 (depends on 12) The electronic device defined in claim 12, wherein each second footprint has a center and wherein the dimming factor for each pixel is based on a position of the center of the second footprint relative to a target boundary for the curved edge. ### Claim 15 (depends on 11) The electronic device defined in claim 11, wherein, for at least some of the pixels, the second footprint has a larger area than the first footprint. ### Claim 16 (depends on 11) The electronic device defined in claim 11, wherein, for at least some of the pixels, the second footprint has a center that is shifted relative to a center of the first footprint. ### Claim 17 (depends on 11) The electronic device defined in claim 11, wherein the display panel is planar. ### Claim 18 (depends on 11) The electronic device defined in claim 11, wherein the display panel has convex curvature. ### Claim 19 A method comprising: for each one of a plurality of physical pixels under a lenticular lens, using a camera to obtain correlations between the physical pixel and a respective front-of-screen pixel at a plurality of viewing angles; based on the correlations between the physical pixels and respective front-of-screen pixels, determining a front-of-screen pixel footprint for each pixel in a display; and for each pixel in the display, determining a gain value based on the front-of-screen pixel footprint for that pixel. ### Claim 20 (depends on 19) The method defined in claim 19, wherein the gain values for the pixels in the display are used to implement boundary smoothing in a curved edge of the display. ### Claim 21 (depends on 19) The method defined in claim 19, wherein the display has convex curvature and wherein the plurality of viewing angles accounts for the convex curvature of the display panel.