# US 12,112,237 B2 · Microwave-optic conversion system of quantum signals employing 3-dimensional microwave resonator and crystal oscillator > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 12,112,237 B2 - Document ID: US12112237B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 17/646,444 - Filed: 2021-12-29 - Published: 2022-06-30 - Granted: 2024-10-08 - Earliest claimed: 2020-12-29 - Assignees: Agency for Defense Development - Applicants: Agency for Defense Development - Inventors: Duk Young Kim; Yonggi Jo; Zaeill Kim - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US12112237B2 ## CPC - G06N 10/40: Physical realisations or architectures of quantum processors or components for manipulating qubits, e.g. qubit coupling or qubit control - G01R 29/0885: {using optical probes, e.g. electro-optical, luminescent, glow discharge, or optical interferometers} - H03B 5/32: being a piezoelectric resonator (selection of piezoelectric material H10N30/00) - G06N: COMPUTING ARRANGEMENTS BASED ON SPECIFIC COMPUTATIONAL MODELS - G01R: MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES (indicating correct tuning of resonant circuits H03J3/12) - H03B: GENERATION OF OSCILLATIONS, DIRECTLY OR BY FREQUENCY-CHANGING, BY CIRCUITS EMPLOYING ACTIVE ELEMENTS WHICH OPERATE IN A NON-SWITCHING MANNER; GENERATION OF NOISE BY SUCH CIRCUITS (generators adapted for electrophonic musical instruments G10H; masers or lasers H01S; generation of oscillations in plasma H05H) ## Abstract An object of the present invention is to provide a microwave-optic conversion system of quantum signals employing a 3-dimensional microwave resonator and a crystal oscillator, which enables microwave-optic conversion employing a microwave resonator and a widely commercialized crystal oscillator which may be manufactured by simple machine processing. In order to achieve the object, the microwave-optic conversion system of quantum signals employing a 3-dimensional microwave resonator and a crystal oscillator includes: a microwave resonator including a hollow body made of metal, and a penetration hole formed on a front surface of the hollow body; and a crystal oscillator positioned inside the hollow body. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A microwave-optic conversion system of quantum signals employing a 3-dimensional microwave resonator and a crystal oscillator, comprising: a first mirror and a second mirror; a crystal oscillator positioned on an optical path determined by a distance between the first mirror and the second mirror; a hollow body made of metal; and a penetration hole formed on one lateral surface of the hollow body, wherein the penetration hole is positioned between the first mirror formed on an external wall of the hollow body and the second mirror formed on an internal wall of the hollow body to form an optical resonator. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The microwave-optic conversion system of quantum signals employing a 3-dimensional microwave resonator and a crystal oscillator of claim 1, wherein a microwave electrode is inserted into the penetration hole. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The microwave-optic conversion system of quantum signals employing a 3-dimensional microwave resonator and a crystal oscillator of claim 1, wherein the metal is aluminum or niobium having superconductivity. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The microwave-optic conversion system of quantum signals employing a 3-dimensional microwave resonator and a crystal oscillator of claim 1, wherein the microwave resonator forms an LC resonator, and the crystal oscillator forms a capacitance connected to the LC resonator circuit in parallel. ### Claim 5 (depends on 4) The microwave-optic conversion system of quantum signals employing a 3-dimensional microwave resonator and a crystal oscillator of claim 4, wherein each resonance mode between the microwave resonator and the crystal oscillator incurs an interaction. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The microwave-optic conversion system of quantum signals employing a 3-dimensional microwave resonator and a crystal oscillator of claim 1, wherein the microwave resonator forms a resonance mode having a long coherence time. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The microwave-optic conversion system of quantum signals employing a 3-dimensional microwave resonator and a crystal oscillator of claim 1, wherein a refractive index of the optical path and the refractive index of the crystal oscillator are different to change a length of the optical path. ### Claim 8 (depends on 7) The microwave-optic conversion system of quantum signals employing a 3-dimensional microwave resonator and a crystal oscillator of claim 7, wherein when a displacement of the crystal oscillator varies by a piezoelectric effect or electromagnetic force, the optical path is changed to incur an interaction between the optical resonator and the crystal oscillator. ### Claim 9 (depends on 8) The microwave-optic conversion system of quantum signals employing a 3-dimensional microwave resonator and a crystal oscillator of claim 8, wherein the interaction forms radiation pressure by momentum exchange between a photon and the crystal oscillator. ### Claim 10 (depends on 9) The microwave-optic conversion system of quantum signals employing a 3-dimensional microwave resonator and a crystal oscillator of claim 9, wherein a magnitude of force actuated by the radiation pressure is a value acquired by dividing an intensity of force by a speed of light. ### Claim 11 (depends on 7) The microwave-optic conversion system of quantum signals employing a 3-dimensional microwave resonator and a crystal oscillator of claim 7, wherein when the optical path is an integer multiple of a wavelength, an intensity of light has a maximum value. ### Claim 12 A microwave-optic conversion system of quantum signals employing a 3-dimensional microwave resonator and a crystal oscillator, comprising: a hollow body made of metal; a first penetration hole formed on a front surface of the hollow body; a second penetration hole formed on one lateral surface of the hollow body; and a crystal oscillator positioned inside the hollow body, wherein a microwave electrode is inserted into the first penetration hole and a microwave resonator is formed by the hollow body and the first penetration hole, the second penetration hole is positioned between a first mirror formed on an external wall of the hollow body and a second mirror formed on an internal wall of the hollow body, and an optical resonator is formed by the first mirror, the second mirror, and the second penetration hole. ### Claim 13 A microwave-optic conversion system of quantum signals employing a 3-dimensional microwave resonator and a crystal oscillator, comprising: a hollow body made of metal; a first penetration hole formed on a front surface of the hollow body; a second penetration hole formed on one lateral surface of the hollow body; and a crystal oscillator positioned inside the hollow body, wherein a microwave electrode is inserted into the first penetration hole and a microwave resonator is formed by the hollow body and the first penetration hole, the second penetration hole is positioned between a first mirror formed on an external wall of the hollow body and a second mirror formed on an internal wall of the hollow body, and an optical resonator is formed by the first mirror, the second mirror, and the second penetration hole, each of a microwave input into the microwave resonator and an optical signal input into the optical resonator forms a resonance mode, and each formed resonance mode interacts with the crystal oscillator to incur an interaction between the microwave and the optical signal.