# US 12,111,475 B2 · Tunable cylindrical lenses and head-mounted display including the same > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 12,111,475 B2 - Document ID: US12111475B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 18/510,932 - Filed: 2023-11-16 - Published: 2024-03-21 - Granted: 2024-10-08 - Earliest claimed: 2020-08-07 - Assignees: Magic Leap, Inc. - Applicants: Magic Leap, Inc. - Inventors: Andrew Ian Russell; Joshua Naaman Haddock - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US12111475B2 ## CPC - G02B 27/0172: {characterised by optical features} - G02C 7/081: {Ophthalmic lenses with variable focal length} - G02B 3/0081: {having one or more elements with analytic function to create variable power (variable magnification in general G02B15/00)} - G02B 3/14: of variable focal length - G02B 27/0075: {with means for altering, e.g. increasing, the depth of field or depth of focus} - G02B 27/0093: {with means for monitoring data relating to the user, e.g. head-tracking, eye-tracking} - G02B 27/026: {and a display device, e.g. CRT, LCD, for adding markings or signs or to enhance the contrast of the viewed object} - G02B 2027/0185: {Displaying image at variable distance} - G02C 7/085: {Fluid-filled lenses, e.g. electro-wetting lenses} - G02B: OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS - G02C: SPECTACLES; SUNGLASSES OR GOGGLES INSOFAR AS THEY HAVE THE SAME FEATURES AS SPECTACLES; CONTACT LENSES (trial frames for testing the eyes A61B3/04; goggles or eyeshields not having the same features as spectacles A61F9/00) ## Abstract Systems include three optical elements arranged along an optical axis each having a different cylinder axis and a variable cylinder refractive power. Collectively, the three elements form a compound optical element having an overall spherical refractive power (SPH), cylinder refractive power (CYL), and cylinder axis (Axis) that can be varied according to a prescription (Rx). ## Claims ### Claim 1 A method, comprising: varying a cylinder refractive power of a first refractive element of a first optical element, the first refractive element having a first cylinder axis associated with the first refractive element along a first radial direction orthogonal to an optical axis; varying a cylinder refractive power of a second refractive element of a second optical element, the second refractive element having a second cylinder axis associated with the second refractive element along a second radial direction orthogonal to the optical axis; varying a cylinder refractive power of a third refractive element of a third optical element, the third refractive element having a third cylinder axis associated with the third refractive element along a third radial direction orthogonal to the optical axis, wherein an effect of varying the cylinder refractive power of the first refractive element, the second refractive element, and the third refractive element is to provide an optical correction having an overall spherical refractive power (SPH), cylinder refractive power (CYL), and cylinder axis (Axis) according to a prescription (Rx). ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein each optical element comprises a pair of refractive elements, each refractive element of the pair having a cubic profile oriented along an axis in the radial direction of the optical element, and varying the cylinder refractive power of each of the first, second, and third optical elements comprises sliding the pair of refractive elements in opposite directions orthogonal to the optical axis. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein at least one of the refractive elements comprises a deformable transparent membrane adjacent a deformable optical material and varying the cylinder refractive power of each of the first, second, and third optical elements comprises deforming a shape of the deformable transparent membrane to vary the cylinder refractive power of the at least one refractive element. ### Claim 4 (depends on 3) The method of claim 3, wherein deforming the shape of the deformable transparent membrane comprises bowing the membrane about the cylinder axis of the at least one refractive element to vary the cylinder refractive power of the at least one refractive element. ### Claim 5 (depends on 4) The method of claim 4, wherein bowing the deformable transparent membrane comprises pivoting the deformable transparent membrane on a rigid gasket. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein varying the cylinder refractive power of each of the first, second, and third optical elements comprises varying the cylinder refractive power in a range from −5 diopter (D) to +5 D. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein an angular separation between the first and second radial directions is equal to an angular separation between the second and third radial directions. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein for a Cartesian coordinate system orthogonal to the optical axis, the first radial direction is at 30°, the second radial direction is at 90°, and the third radial direction is at 150°. ### Claim 9 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the first cylinder refractive power, C30, the second cylinder refractive power, C90, and the third cylinder refractive power, C150, and values for S, C, and A are related according to the formulae: C 30 = 2 3 ⁢ S + ( 2 3 ⁢ cos 2 ⁢ A + 2 ⁢ 3 3 ⁢ cos ⁢ A ⁢ sin ⁢ A ) ⁢ C C 90 = 2 3 ⁢ S + ( sin 2 ⁢ A - 1 3 ⁢ cos 2 ⁢ A ) ⁢ C C 150 = 2 3 ⁢ S + ( 2 3 ⁢ cos 2 ⁢ A - 2 ⁢ 3 3 ⁢ cos ⁢ A ⁢ sin ⁢ A ) ⁢ C . ### Claim 10 A method, comprising: adjusting a spherical refractive power (SPH) of a first optical element; and adjusting a SPH, a cylinder refractive power (CYL), and a cylinder axis (Axis) of a second optical element according to a prescription (Rx), wherein the first optical element has a variable SPH, and the second optical element has a variable SPH, a variable CYL, and a variable Axis, wherein the first optical element and the second optical element are arranged on different sides of a see-through display. ### Claim 11 (depends on 10) The method of claim 10, wherein adjusting the SPH of the first optical element comprises adjusting the SPH of two variable cylindrical lenses. ### Claim 12 (depends on 11) The method of claim 11, wherein the two variable cylindrical lenses have their respective cylinder axes orthogonal to each other. ### Claim 13 (depends on 10) The method of claim 10, comprising determining information about where a user is looking and varying the prescription according to the determined information. ### Claim 14 (depends on 13) The method of claim 13, wherein adjusting the second optical element comprises changing from a near-vision prescription to a distance-vision prescription depending on the determined information. ### Claim 15 (depends on 10) The method of claim 10, comprising determining biometric information about a user, identifying the user based on the biometric information, and adjusting the prescription based on the user's identity. ### Claim 16 (depends on 15) The method of claim 15, wherein determining the biometric information comprises determining an iris pattern.