# US 12,109,556 B2 · Functional structure

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- Number: US 12,109,556 B2
- Document ID: US12109556B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 17/299,641
- Filed: 2019-12-03
- Published: 2022-05-26
- Granted: 2024-10-08
- Earliest claimed: 2018-12-03
- Assignees: National University Corporation Hokkaido University; Furukawa Electric Co., Ltd.
- Applicants: National University Corporation Hokkaido University; Furukawa Electric Co., Ltd.
- Inventors: Yuichiro Banba; Kaori Sekine; Yukako Nakai; Mai Nishii; Masayuki Fukushima; Sadahiro Kato; Hirokazu Sasaki; Shinsuke Nishida; Takao Masuda; Yuta Nakasaka; Takuya Yoshikawa
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US12109556B2

## CPC

- B01J 29/03: not having base-exchange properties {(B01J29/005 takes precedence)}
- B01J 29/0308: {Mesoporous materials not having base exchange properties, e.g. Si-MCM-41}
- B01J 23/70: of the iron group metals or copper
- B01J 23/745: Iron
- B01J 35/45: Nanoparticles
- B01J 35/50: characterised by their shape or configuration
- B01J 37/0201: {Impregnation}
- B01J 2235/00: Indexing scheme associated with group B01J35/00, related to the analysis techniques used to determine the catalysts form or properties
- B01J 2235/30: Scanning electron microscopy; Transmission electron microscopy
- B01J: CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS

## Abstract

A functional structure which can suppress functional degradation of a functional material to achieve longer life, which can save resources without complicated replacement operations, and which, used for example as a catalyst, exhibits excellent catalytic activity. The functional structure includes supports each having a porous structure and including a zeolite-type compound, and at least one functional material present in the supports and including a metal element (M), in which each of the supports has channels communicating with one another, the functional material is present at least in the channel of each of the supports, and the metal element (M) having constituted the functional material is partially substituted with an element having constituted the supports.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A functional structure comprising:
a plurality of supports defining a framework, each support including a zeolite-type compound comprising a first element; and
at least one functional material present in the framework and including a metal element (M), wherein
the framework has a porous structure including channels communicating with one another,
the functional material is present at least in a channel of the framework, and
the functional material is partially bonded to the framework by a bonding material present at an interface of the functional material and the framework, the bonding material comprising both the first element derived from the framework and the metal element (M) derived from the functional material.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The functional structure according to claim 1, wherein the metal element (M) exists as a central atom of two types of coordination structures in the functional material, a first type being a coordination structure of four-coordination number and a second type being a coordination structure of six-coordination number.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

The functional structure according to claim 1, wherein a ratio of the number of the metal element (M) in the coordination structure of four-coordination number to the total number of the metal element (M) in the coordination structure of four-coordination number and the coordination structure of six-coordination number is 0.15 or more, by atomic ratio.

### Claim 4

A functional structure comprising:
a plurality of supports defining a framework, each support including a zeolite-type compound comprising silicon; and
at least one functional material present in the framework and including a metal element (M), wherein
the framework has a porous structure including channels communicating with one another,
the functional material is present at least in a channel of the framework,
the metal element (M) exists in the functional structure as a central atom of two types of coordination structures in the functional material, a first type being a coordination structure of four-coordination number having a spectral pattern corresponding to a metallosilicate and a second type being a coordination structure of six-coordination number having a spectral pattern corresponding to a metal oxide,
the functional material is partially bonded to the framework by a metallosilicate present at an interface of the functional material and the framework, the metallosilicate comprising both silicon derived from the framework and the metal element (M) derived from the functional material, and
an existence ratio P of the metal element (M) forming a coordination structure of four-coordination number is 0.15 or more, the existence ratio P being calculated by substituting into the below formula value (a) representing a peak intensity of a metal element forming the coordination structure of four-coordination number (a metal element being in the functional structure and having a spectral pattern corresponding to metallosilicate) and value (b) representing a peak intensity of a metal element forming a coordination structure of six-coordination number (a metal element being in the functional structure and having a spectral pattern corresponding to a metal oxide before being reduced to metal), based on an X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) spectrum determined from an absorption edge of the metal in the functional structure measured by X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) measurement:
P=(a)/(a+b).

### Claim 5 (depends on 4)

The functional structure according to claim 4, wherein the existence ratio P is 0.25 or more.

### Claim 6 (depends on 1)

The functional structure according to claim 1, wherein
the channels have any one of a one-dimensional pore, a two-dimensional pore, and a three-dimensional pore of a framework structure of the zeolite-type compound, and have an enlarged pore portion different from the one-dimensional pore, the two-dimensional pore, and the three-dimensional pore, and
the functional material is present at least in the enlarged pore portion.

### Claim 7 (depends on 6)

The functional structure according to claim 6, wherein the enlarged pore portion connects a plurality of pores constituting any one of the one-dimensional pore, the two-dimensional pore, and the three-dimensional pore.

### Claim 8 (depends on 1)

The functional structure according to claim 1, wherein
the functional material comprises a catalytic material, and
each of the supports carries at least one catalytic material.

### Claim 9 (depends on 8)

The functional structure according to claim 8, wherein the catalytic material is in the form of a metal oxide particle.

### Claim 10 (depends on 9)

The functional structure according to claim 9, wherein the metal oxide particle has an average particle size larger than an average inner diameter of the channels and equal to or smaller than an inner diameter of the enlarged pore portion.

### Claim 11 (depends on 9)

The functional structure according to claim 9, wherein the metal element (M) of the metal oxide particle is included in an amount from 0.5 to 2.5 mass % with respect to the functional structure.

### Claim 12 (depends on 9)

The functional structure according to claim 9, wherein the metal oxide particle has an average particle size of 0.1 nm to 50 nm.

### Claim 13 (depends on 9)

The functional structure according to claim 9, wherein a ratio of the average particle size of the metal oxide particle to the average inner diameter of the channels is from 0.06 to 500.

### Claim 14 (depends on 1)

The functional structure according to claim 1, wherein the channels have an average inner diameter of 0.1 nm to 1.5 nm.

### Claim 15 (depends on 1)

The functional structure according to claim 1, further comprising at least one additional functional material held on an outer surface of the support.

### Claim 16 (depends on 15)

The functional structure according to claim 15, wherein the content of at least one functional material present in the support is higher than the content of the at least one additional functional material held on the outer surface of the support.

### Claim 17 (depends on 1)

The functional structure according to claim 1, wherein the zeolite-type compound is a silicate compound.