Cloud-based hybrid state estimation

A method for state estimation in a power network, the method comprising:

• receiving, at a local control system, a set of supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) information including a power network topology;
• generating, at the local control system, a SCADA state estimation using the set of SCADA information;
• receiving, with a cloud-computing architecture, a set of phasors, each phasor providing a voltage magnitude and phase angle or a current magnitude and phase angle;
• aligning the set of phasors, with the cloud-computing architecture, based on a timestamp of the SCADA state estimation and a timestamp of the set of phasors;
• determining, with the cloud-computing architecture, the power network topology using the aligned set of phasors;
• generating, with the cloud-computing architecture, a hybrid state estimation using the determined power network topology, the aligned set of phasors, and the SCADA state estimation;
• and
• transmitting the hybrid state estimation to the local control system wherein the local control system operates the power network using the hybrid state estimation, wherein generating the hybrid state estimation comprises performing weighted least squares states estimation using the following equation and matrices:
• x
• =
• [
• A
• T
• ⁢
• W
• -
• 1
• ⁢
• A
• ]
• -
• 1
• [
• W
• -
• 1
• ⁢
• A
• ]
• ⁢
• z
• hybrid
• A
• =
• [
• 1
• 0
• 0
• 1
• 1
• ′
• 0
• 0
• 1
• ′
• C
• 1
• C
• 2
• C
• 3
• C
• 4
• ]
• where x is a state estimation vector, A is a function matrix, W is a hybrid weight matrix, and zhybrid is a measurement matrix, 1 represents a unit matrix, 1′ represents a unit matrix with zeros on the diagonal where no voltage phasors have been measured, and C1-4 are matrices comprising line conductance and susceptance for those power lines from which current phasor measurements were received.