A process of manufacturing a composition for prevention and treatment of Early Mortality Syndrome (EMS) shrimp to replace antibiotics comprising:
- (i) preparing a complex composition by mixing a turkey tail mushroom (Trametes versicolor) extract having 10%-15% by weight and a chitosan having 10%-15% by weight with the combination of stirring at 1200-1500 rpm for 30-40 minutes, then ultrasonic treatment at a frequency of 0.15 to 0.2 kHz combination of stirring at 1200-1500 rpm for 30-50 minutes;
- wherein the chitosan having a minimum deacetylation level of 85% and is extracted from crustacean shells;
- wherein the turkey tail mushroom (Trametes versicolor) extract is selecting from group consisting of (A) a first turkey tail mushroom (Trametes versicolor) component, (B) a second turkey tail mushroom (Trametes versicolor) component, (C) a third turkey tail mushroom (Trametes versicolor) component, (D) a fourth turkey tail mushroom (Trametes versicolor) component, and (E) a fifth turkey tail mushroom (Trametes versicolor) component;
- the first turkey tail mushroom component is obtained by cultivating Trametes versicolor (L.) Pilat;
- the second turkey tail mushroom component is obtained by cultivating Trametes versicolor (L.) Lioud (1920);
- the third turkey tail mushroom component is obtained by cultivating Trametes sanguinea (L.) Imazeki;
- the fourth turkey tail mushroom component is obtained by cultivating Trametes versicolor BRG04;
- and
- the fifth turkey tail mushroom component is obtained by cultivating Pycnoporus sanguineus (L.:
- Fr.) Murrill;
- wherein each turkey tail mushroom (Trametes versicolor)_component (A)-(E) is obtained by performing steps (A′) to (F′), comprising:
- (A′) selecting a mature fruiting body of the turkey tail mushroom (Trametes versicolor);
- (B′) harvesting mushroom tissue from the mature fruiting body of the turkey tail mushroom (Trametes versicolor) with an area ranging from 5-10 mm2, inoculating onto a petri dish containing a isolation medium, and then incubating in darkness at 28° C.-30° C. for 4-6 days to obtain a turkey tail mushroom (Trametes versicolor) strain;
- wherein the isolation medium comprising:
- potatoes having 200 g/L, glucose having 20 g/L, potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KH2PO4) having 3 g/L, magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) having 1.5 g/L, and agar having 20 g/L;
- (C′) inoculating the turkey tail mushroom (Trametes versicolor) strain into an erlenmeyer flask containing 100-150 mL of an activation medium, shaking at 120-150 rpm for 4-6 days at 25° C.-27° C. to obtain an activated turkey tail mushroom (Trametes versicolor) strain;
- wherein the activation medium comprising:
- glucose having 10 g/L, malt extract having 3 g/L, peptone having 2 g/L, yeast extract having 2 g/L, asparagine having 1 g/L, potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KH2PO4) having 2 g/L, magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) having 1 g/L, and thiamine having 1 mg/L;
- (D′) inoculating the activated turkey tail mushroom (Trametes versicolor) strain into a biomass growth medium at a ratio of (1-5):1000, cultivating with agitation at 120-150 rpm for 6-8 days at 25° C.-27° C. to obtain a mixture 1;
- wherein the biomass growth medium comprising:
- glucose having 30 g/L, peptone having 4 g/L, magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) having 0.5 g/L, and potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KH2PO4) having 1 g/L;
- (E′) filtering the mixture 1, removing the liquid portion to obtain a turkey tail mushroom (Trametes versicolor) biomass;
- and
- (F′) drying the turkey tail mushroom (Trametes versicolor) biomass at 45° C.-50° C. until reaching a moisture content of 10-12% to obtain a turkey tail mushroom (Trametes versicolor) component;
- (ii) mixing 10%-15% by weight a carboxymethyl cellulose solution with 10%-15% by weight a alginate solution, and 10%-15% by weight a potassium citrate solution into the container containing the complex composition at step (i) with the combination of stirring for 30 minutes to create a foundation mixture;
- wherein the carboxymethyl cellulose solution has a concentration of 0.375%;
- wherein the alginate solution has a concentration of 0.375%;
- wherein the potassium citrate solution is prepared by:
- (a) preparing citric acid solution has a concentration of 15% by dissolving 1.5 kg of citric acid in the water, then continue adding water to reach the volume of 10 L;
- (b) preparing potassium hydroxide (KOH) solution has a concentration of 15% by:
- dissolving 1.5 kg of KOH in the water, then continue adding water to reach the volume of 10 L;
- and
- (c) pouring slowly 1 part citric acid solution at step (a) into 1 part potassium hydroxide solution to create the potassium citrate solution;
- (iii) mixing 1%-3% by weight a AgNO3 solution into the foundation mixture at step (ii) with the combination of stirring to create a first temporary mixture;
- wherein the AgNO3 solution has a concentration of 0.37%;
- (iv) mixing 3%-5% by weight a Cu(NO3)2 solution into the first temporary mixture at step (iii) with the combination of stirring to create a second temporary mixture;
- wherein the Cu(NO3)2 solution has a concentration of 0.723%;
- (v) mixing 0.5%-1% by weight a Zn(NO3)2 solution into the second temporary mixture at step (iv) with the combination of stirring to create a third temporary mixture;
- wherein the Zn(NO3)2 solution has a concentration of 3.085%;
- (vi) mixing 0.05%-0.1% by weight a Co(NO3)2 solution into the third temporary mixture at step (v) with the combination of stirring to create a fourth temporary mixture;
- wherein the Co(NO3)2 solution has a concentration of 0.746%;
- (vii) mixing 0.5%-2% by weight a Fe(NO3)3 solution into the fourth temporary mixture at step (vi) with the combination of stirring to create a fifth temporary mixture;
- wherein the Fe(NO3)3 solution has a concentration of 2.5%;
- (viii) creating a sixth temporary mixture by processing the fifth temporary mixture at step
- (vii) including 02 stages:
- a first stage:
- stirring the fifth temporary mixture for 1 hour;
- and
- a second stage:
- stirring said processed fifth temporary mixture in first stage at a frequency of every 3 hours and each time stirring for 30 minutes at a speed of 300-500 rpm;
- wherein the second stage processing time is 24 hours;
- (ix) adjusting pH of the sixth temporary mixture at step (viii) to 6.5-7.5 to create a seventh temporary mixture;
- (x) mixing 1%-3% by weight a glycerin ingredient into the seventh temporary mixture at step (ix) with the combination of stirring to create a eighth temporary mixture;
- (xi) mixing 0.05%-0.1% by weight a vitamin E into the eighth temporary mixture at step (x), with the combination of stirring to create a ninth temporary mixture;
- (xii) mixing 0.1%-0.5% by weight a tartrazine ingredient into the ninth temporary mixture at step (xi) with the combination of stirring to create a tenth temporary mixture;
- wherein the tartrazine ingredient has a concentration of 1%;
- (xiii) mixing 5%-7% by weight a K2HPO4 solution into the tenth temporary mixture at step (xii) with the combination of stirring to create a eleventh temporary mixture;
- wherein the K2HPO4 solution has a concentration of 15%;
- (xiv) mixing 0.0009%-0.05% by weight a mixture extracts/essential oils into the eleventh temporary mixture at step (xiii) with the combination of stirring to create a twelfth temporary mixture;
- wherein the mixture extracts/essential oils is performed in a specific order from (a′) to (d′) comprising:
- (a′) preparing a Melaleuca alternifolia extracts/essential oils by:
- choosing Melaleuca alternifolia leaves that are fresh, not crushed or rotten;
- washing and grinding Melaleuca alternifolia leaves to a size of 0.2-0.6 mm;
- adding 50 g by weight of pureed fresh ingredients into a distillation tank;
- and
- adding 500 mL of NaCl solution into the tank, soak the ingredients for about 30 minutes;
- distilling at 100° C. for 120 minutes to create a liquid mixture of water and essential oil;
- extracting the liquid mixture of water and essential oil in the tank, extracted five times, each extraction with 10 mL of diethyl ether;
- collecting the entire extract solution and anhydrous the extract solution anhydrous Na2SO4 salt;
- and
- evaporating and recovering the solvent, the extract solution after anhydrous at 55° C. under low pressure to create the Melaleuca alternifolia extracts/essential oils;
- (b′) preparing a Herba Pogostemonis extracts/essential oils by:
- choosing Herba Pogostemonis leaves that are fresh, not crushed or rotten;
- washing the leaves with water and dry at 50° C., and grinding to create a ground leaves powder;
- soaking the ground leaves powder in water at a ratio of 1:2, then distilling using a steam distillation system at 100° C. for 150 minutes to create a mixture after distillation;
- and
- adding and stirring anhydrous Na2SO4 to the mixture after distillation until you observe the salt crystals begin to separate, then remove said salt crystals to create the Herba Pogostemonis extracts/essential oils;
- (c′) preparing a Illicium verum extracts/essential oils by:
- treating Illicium verum fruits to remove mechanical impurities (leaves, twigs, bark, and sand);
- then soaking in distilled water for about 12-14 hours;
- crushing Illicium verum fruits after soaking to a size of 0.4-0.6 mm, then soaking with water in a ratio of 1:5, and distilling with saturated steam at 120° C. for 180 minutes to create a mixture after distillation;
- settling the mixture after distillation for 24 hours in the separatory funnel to separate the water layer below, recovering the remaining essential oil layer above the separatory funnel, then treating the essential oil layer with anhydrous sodium sulfate salt and filtering to create the Illicium verum extracts/essential oils;
- (d′) mixing homogeneously the Melaleuca alternifolia extracts/essential oils with the Herba Pogostemonis extracts/essential oils and the Illicium verum extracts/essential oils at a ratio of (1-2):(1-2):(1-2), with the combination of stirring to create the mixture extracts/essential oils;
- (xv) mixing an other ingredient into the twelfth temporary mixture at step (xiv), with the combination of stirring to create a basic mixture;
- and
- (xvi) stirring the basic mixture for 1 hour, then adjusting the pH to 6.5-7.5 and leaving it for one day at a temperature of 30° C.-35° C. to create the composition for prevention and treatment of EMS shrimp to replace antibiotics.