Fabrication of 3D microelectrodes and use thereof in multi-functional biosystems

A microelectrode platform comprising:

• a platform comprising a plurality of microtower electrodes, wherein each of the plurality of microtower electrodes comprises a tip,
• a metallic layer disposed on each of the plurality of microtower electrodes;
• a biocompatible layer disposed on the platform, wherein the biocompatible layer comprises a plurality of apertures arranged to correspond with the tip of each of the plurality of microtower electrodes;
• and
• a plurality of interconnected nano-scaffolds disposed in a three-dimensional pattern above the tip of each of the plurality of microtower electrodes, wherein the interconnected nano-scaffolds comprise radially aligned fibers extending out from the tip of at least one microtower electrode, and
• wherein a first impedance of the microtower electrodes with nano-scaffolds is within a ten percent variance relative to a second impedance of the microtower electrodes without nanoscaffolds, when the first impedance and the second impedance are measured at the same frequency selected from a range of 800 Hz to 1000 KHz.