A nozzle [610,650] exposed to fluid flow, the nozzle having a geometrically configured corpus having:
- a shaped tunnel within the geometrically configured corpus, wherein the shaped tunnel has solid inner walls forming a cross-sectional profile specially adapted to a headway velocity and thermodynamic parameters of the fluid flow;
- and
- an acoustic thermoelectric device built-in within the solid inner walls;
- the acoustic thermoelectric device is capable of forcedly establishing a specifically distributed absolute temperature along the solid inner walls of the shaped tunnel, wherein the forcedly established specifically distributed absolute temperature along the solid inner walls of the shaped tunnel is specially adapted to the headway velocity and thermodynamic parameters of the fluid flow;
- the solid inner walls forming:
- an open inlet allowing the fluid flow to enter the open inlet;
- an open outlet allowing the fluid flow to flow through the shaped tunnel and out of the open outlet;
- and
- a varying cross-sectional area, varying along the shaped tunnel length having a distance parameter x such that a stationary geometry of the shaped tunnel is either converging, or divergent, or convergent-divergent;
- wherein, a cross-sectional area profile function A(x) is given by an equation expressed as:
- A
-
- (
- x
- )
- =
- A
- x
- M
-
- (
- x
- )
-
- (
- γ
- -
- 1
- γ
- )
- 1
- 2
-
- (
- 2
- +
- γ
-
- (
- M
-
- (
- x
- )
- )
- 2
- γ
- +
- 1
- )
- γ
- +
- 1
- 2
-
- (
- γ
- -
- 1
- )
- where A* is a constant, γ is an adiabatic compressibility parameter of the flowing fluid, and M(x) is a gradually-smoothed monotonic function of x representing a distribution of headway velocity measured in Mach numbers:
- and acting on the fluid flow to originate boundary layers adjacent to the solid inner walls;
- the acoustic thermoelectric device comprising:
- a multiplicity of elemental acoustic thermoelectric devices [5P.0] aggregated as a whole in a matrix of a phased array;
- and
- a common controller capable of interrelating operations of the multiplicity of elemental acoustic thermoelectric device;
- the acoustic thermoelectric device is further specified as follows:
- the multiplicity of the elemental acoustic thermoelectric devices aggregated as a whole in a surface matrix arrangement having two opposite sides:
- first and second, wherein the first side having a thermoconductive bus being thermally in contact with the solid inner walls, in turn, contacting with the boundary layers, and the second side having a thermoconductive bus being thermally in contact with a solid outer surface of the geometrically configured corpus contacting with ambient fluid;
- each of the elemental acoustic thermoelectric devices is supplied with an individual integrated circuit comprising a sensor capable of detecting sound, an individual controller capable of manipulating by electric current, and a controllably manipulatable individual source of emf;
- and
- the common controller capable of controlling each of the elemental acoustic thermoelectric devices as well as the acoustic thermoelectric device as a whole;
- the acoustic thermoelectric device is capable of at least one of:
- consuming electric power to trigger at least one of the Joule heating effect and the Peltier effect to provide a temperature difference between at least one of:
- the solid inner wall of the shaped tunnel and the solid outer surface of the geometrically configured corpus contacting with the ambient fluid, and
- different points of the solid inner wall,
- and
- triggering the Seebeck effect to harvest electric power induced by a temperature difference between at least one of:
- the solid walls of the shaped tunnel and solid surfaces of the geometrically configured corpus contacting with ambient fluid, and
- different points of the solid walls;
- the common controller providing that the acoustic thermoelectric device causes forcedly established distributed absolute temperature along the solid inner walls such that gradually-smoothed monotonic function T(x) of x represents the distributed absolute temperature of the fluid flow along the shaped tunnel thereby providing for a degree of freedom to interrelate the functions A(x) and T(x) with function u(x) of x representing profile of the fluid flow's headway velocity varying form a value uin at the open inlet to a value uou at the open outlet by a condition of flow continuity expressed as:
- A
-
- (
- x
- )
- =
- A
- *
- (
- γ
- -
- 1
- )
-
- R
-
- T
-
- (
- x
- )
- u
-
- (
- x
- )
-
- (
- 2
-
- R
-
- T
-
- (
- x
- )
- +
- u
- 2
- (
- x
- )
- (
- γ
- +
- 1
- )
-
- R
-
- T
-
- (
- x
- )
- )
- γ
- +
- 1
- 2
-
- (
- γ
- -
- 1
- )
- where R is a specific gas constant characterizing the fluid flow, wherein the functions u(x) is gradually-smoothed monotonic, wherein:
- the gradually-smoothed monotonic function of the absolute temperature T(x) is determined by:
- an absolute temperature Tin of the fluid flow at the open inlet;
- temperature change δT0(x) interrelated with adiabatic compression-expansion occurred due to an adiabatic action of the Coanda-effect, in turn, determined by a curvature of the stationary geometry of the shaped tunnel, and
- forcedly established temperature contribution δT1(x) to the absolute temperature T(x) along the boundary layers subjected to controllable at least one of heating and coding actions of the acoustic thermoelectric device, such that T(x)=Tin+δT0(x)+δT1(x),
- and
- the forcedly established distributed absolute temperature along the solid inner walls according to the gradually-smoothed monotonic function of the absolute temperature T(x), in turn, controls the gradually-smoothed monotonic function of the fluid flow's headway velocity u(x) that is determined by the headway velocity uin of the fluid flow at the open inlet, convective headway acceleration resulting in a velocity gradient along the shaped tunnel length as the fluid flow is subjected to the adiabatic Coanda-effect, and controllable headway acceleration occurred due to controllable heating and/or cooling action of the acoustic thermoelectric device;
- thereby, configuring both the staionary geometry of the shaped tunnel and the forcedly established distributed absolute temperature along the solid inner walls providing for conditions for continuity and unbrokenness of the boundary layers and, as a result, for a laminar motion of the fluid flow.