High quality factor integrated acoustic resonant metamaterials with large frequency tuning range for reconfigurable radio-frequency front-ends

A piezoelectric acoustic metamaterial resonator, comprising:

• a piezoelectric substrate having a top surface and a bottom surface;
• a plurality of magnetostrictive members disposed on the top surface of the piezoelectric substrate and extending along a length of the piezoelectric substrate and spaced across a width of the piezoelectric substrate;
• and
• a coil set including a coil proximate to but physically separated from each magnetostrictive member which, when energized, produces a magnetic field that affects a mechanical property of at least one of the magnetostrictive members.

A piezoelectric acoustic metamaterial resonator, comprising:

• a piezoelectric substrate having a top surface and a bottom surface;
• a plurality of magnetostrictive members disposed on the top surface of the piezoelectric substrate and extending along a length of the piezoelectric substrate and spaced across a width of the piezoelectric substrate;
• and
• at each of the magnetostrictive members:
• a first electrode, having a first polarity, disposed between a corresponding one of the magnetostrictive members and the top surface of the piezoelectric substrate;
• and
• a second electrode, having a second polarity, opposite the first polarity, disposed on the bottom surface of the piezoelectric substrate opposite the first electrode,
• wherein the polarity of the first electrode of each successive magnetostrictive member of the plurality of magnetostrictive members alternates between positive and negative when an AC voltage is applied across each of the first and second electrodes.

A piezoelectric acoustic metamaterial resonator, comprising:

• a piezoelectric substrate having a top surface and a bottom surface;
• and
• a plurality of magnetostrictive members disposed on the top surface of the piezoelectric substrate and extending along a length of the piezoelectric substrate and spaced across a width of the piezoelectric substrate,
• wherein each of the magnetostrictive members includes a coil set which, when energized, produces a magnetic field that affects a mechanical property of the magnetostrictive members, and
• wherein each coil set further comprises:
• a coil;
• and
• an electrically insulating layer interposed between the coil and the top surface of the magnetostrictive member.

A piezoelectric acoustic metamaterial resonator, comprising:

• a piezoelectric substrate having a top surface and a bottom surface;
• a plurality of magnetostrictive members disposed on the top surface of the piezoelectric substrate and extending along a length of the piezoelectric substrate and spaced across a width of the piezoelectric substrate;
• and
• a plurality of periodic cells, each including:
• a first region extending along a width of each of the magnetostrictive members;
• and
• a second region extending along the width of the spacing between two of the magnetostrictive members.

A piezoelectric acoustic metamaterial resonator comprising:

• a piezoelectric substrate having a top surface and a bottom surface;
• a plurality of magnetostrictive members disposed on the top surface of the piezoelectric substrate and extending along a length of the piezoelectric substrate and spaced across a width of the piezoelectric substrate;
• each magnetostrictive member having a coil set disposed on a top surface thereof and including:
• a coil which is configured to be energized with a DC current to change the Young's modulus of the magnetostrictive member, and
• an electrically insulating layer interposed between the coil and the top surface of the magnetostrictive member;
• and
• at each of the magnetostrictive members:
• a first electrode, having a first polarity, disposed between a corresponding one of the magnetostrictive members and the top surface of the piezoelectric substrate, and
• a second electrode, having a second polarity, opposite the first polarity, disposed on the bottom surface of the piezoelectric substrate opposite the first electrode,
• wherein the polarity of the first electrode of each successive magnetostrictive member of the plurality of magnetostrictive members alternates between positive and negative when an AC voltage is applied across each of the first and second electrodes.

A channel-select-filter comprising:

• a two-port network;
• and
• a plurality of electrically coupled piezoelectric acoustic metamaterial resonators integrated into the two-port network, each piezoelectric acoustic metamaterial resonator including:
• a piezoelectric substrate having a top surface and a bottom surface, and
• a plurality of magnetostrictive members disposed on the top surface of the piezoelectric substrate and extending along a length of the piezoelectric substrate and spaced across a width of the piezoelectric substrate,
• wherein the plurality of electrically coupled piezoelectric acoustic metamaterial resonators further comprises two pair of electrically coupled piezoelectric acoustic metamaterial resonators configured to provide a fourth order filter.

A tunable frequency generator comprising:

• a current-controlled oscillator including:
• a piezoelectric acoustic metamaterial resonator having:
• a piezoelectric substrate having a top surface and a bottom surface, and
• a plurality of magnetostrictive members disposed on the top surface of the piezoelectric substrate and extending along a length of the piezoelectric substrate and spaced across a width of the piezoelectric substrate;
• an analog phase-locked loop including:
• the current-controlled oscillator,
• a phase-frequency detector,
• a loop filter, and
• a programmable frequency divider;
• and
• a low-frequency temperature compensated crystal oscillator in electrical communication with the analog phase-locked loop, the analog phase-locked loop being driven by a stable output of the low-frequency temperature compensated crystal oscillator.