Polymer dye modification and applications

A conjugated polymer according to Formula I:

• wherein:
• each A is independently selected from the group consisting of an aromatic co-monomer and a heteroaromatic co-monomer;
• each L1 is a linker moiety selected from the group consisting of a C1-8 alkylene, 2- to 8-membered heteroalkylene, and a chain of between 2 and 100 backbone atoms in length, wherein the chain comprises a linear chain, a branched chain, and/or a cyclic moiety;
• each L2 and L3 are independently linker moieties;
• each W is independently a water-solubilizing moiety;
• each E is an independently selected chromophore, functional moiety, or binding agent, wherein the functional moiety is a biotin, a digoxigenin, a peptide tag, an oligonucleotide, or a polynucleotide, and
• wherein the binding agent is selected from the group consisting of a protein, antibody, antibody fragment, small organic molecule, carbohydrate, polysaccharide, oligonucleotide, polynucleotide, lipid, affinity ligand, and aptamer;
• each B is independently selected from the group consisting of an aromatic co-monomer, a heteroaromatic co-monomer, a bandgap-modifying monomer, optionally substituted ethylene, and optionally substituted ethynylene;
• G1 and G2 are independently selected from an unmodified polymer terminus and a modified polymer terminus;
• subscripts n and m are independently integers ranging from 1 to 10,000,
• subscript p is an integer ranging from 0 to 10,000, and
• the sum of subscripts n, m, and p ranges from 2 to 10,000;
• subscript q is 1, 2, 3, or 4;
• subscript r is 1, 2, 3, or 4;
• subscript s is 0, 1, 2, or 3;
• subscript t is 1 or 2;
• the sum of subscript r and s ranges from 1 to 4;
• and
• A and B are distributed randomly or non-randomly in the conjugated polymer.