# US 12,016,046 B2 · System and method for allocating communication links > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 12,016,046 B2 - Document ID: US12016046B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 16/902,630 - Filed: 2020-06-16 - Published: 2021-02-04 - Granted: 2024-06-18 - Earliest claimed: 2014-06-05 - Assignees: Ocado Innovation Limited - Applicants: Ocado Innovation Limited - Inventors: Paul Richard Stephens; Fraser Murray Edwards; Montague Fraser Barlow; Adam Nikolai Green; David Sharp - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US12016046B2 ## CPC - H04W 72/54: based on quality criteria - H04L 67/125: involving control of end-device applications over a network - H04W 4/90: Services for handling of emergency or hazardous situations, e.g. earthquake and tsunami warning systems [ETWS] - H04W 28/18: Negotiating wireless communication parameters - H04W 72/0446: Resources in time domain, e.g. slots or frames - H04W 4/02: Services making use of location information - H04W 4/06: Selective distribution of broadcast services, e.g. multimedia broadcast multicast service [MBMS]; Services to user groups; One-way selective calling services - H04W 4/70: Services for machine-to-machine communication [M2M] or machine type communication [MTC] - H04W 84/042: {Public Land Mobile systems, e.g. cellular systems} - H04W 84/12: WLAN [Wireless Local Area Networks] - H04W 88/02: Terminal devices - H04W 88/08: Access point devices - H04W: WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS (broadcast communication H04H; communication systems using wireless links for non-selective communication, e.g. wireless extensions H04M1/72) - H04L: TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION (arrangements common to telegraphic and telephonic communication H04M) ## Abstract A communication system for communication between one or more terminal units includes: a communication manager that is configured to define and manage one or more adjustable communication links for efficient bandwidth utilization, wherein the one or more communication links are adjustable by the communication manager adjusting the bandwidth of each of the one or more communication links, the frequency bands utilized by each of the one or more communication links, and the latency for each of the one or more communication links. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A communication system comprising: a communication network; one or more base stations; a plurality of remote terminal units; the one or more base stations and the plurality of remote terminal units being configured for transmitting and receiving data over a plurality of communication links; and a communication manager that is configured to define and manage said plurality of communication links of the communication network; wherein: the plurality of communication links include a plurality of low bandwidth communication links and one or more high bandwidth communication links; and the communication manager is configured for configuring the plurality of communication links with low bandwidth information and high bandwidth information that defines respective allocated communication resources, the low bandwidth information including a time slot to use for one or more of the plurality of low bandwidth communication links, and the low bandwidth information being initially allocated to and stored on each remote terminal unit prior to joining the communication network, and the high bandwidth information defining resources to use for the one or more high bandwidth communication links, which are allocated when requested over the communication network by one or more of the plurality of remote terminal units or the one or more base stations; and the communication manager is configured for defining a number of frequency and time slot tiles allocated to a communication link and a latency of any communication link, the number of tiles are grouped for transmission in a burst based on a location of the number of tiles in a frame, wherein the burst includes data which defines a burst type, the burst data is mapped to the communication link according to the burst type, and for at least one burst type the number of tiles are located in a frame that includes both an uplink transmission and a downlink transmission. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The communication system according to claim 1, in which the plurality of communication links are further adjustable by the communication manager, the communication manager comprising: means for adjusting at least one of: a. the data rate of each of the plurality of communication links; b. frequency bands utilized by each of the plurality of communication links; c. a channel within the frequency bands used by each of the plurality of communication links; d. a communication error resilience by each of the plurality of communication links, the error resilience being governed by: i. a predetermined coding scheme; and/or ii. use of a duplicate frequency mode; e. a number of terminal units communicating per base station; f. a type and characteristics of each of the plurality of communication links; g. a roaming method of terminal units changing between base stations; h. one or more back up channels to switch to in an event of a DFS (radar interference) event; i. monitoring and logging of radio performance; j. a tile frequency and time characteristics; k. which tiles are used for pilot signals; and/or l. a length of time before any one or more of a parameter of elements a. to k. are changed. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The communication system of claim 1 wherein the communication manager comprises means for allocating the frequency and time slot tiles for the plurality of communication links based on requirements of the communications system, whilst maintaining a specified latency. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The communication system of claim 1, wherein the low bandwidth information stored on each remote terminal unit includes one or more low bandwidth communication link numbers identifying one or more of a multi frame offset, the time slot and a tile offset to use for at least one of the low bandwidth communication links. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The communication system of claim 1, wherein the plurality of low bandwidth communication links are configured for communication within a predetermined latency range. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The communication system of claim 1, wherein the one or more high bandwidth communication links is configured for communication within a variable latency range. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The communication system of claim 1, wherein a number of the plurality of low bandwidth communication links and a number of the one or more high bandwidth communication links are adjustable during a start-up process of the one or more base stations. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The communication system of claim 1, wherein a number of the plurality of low bandwidth communication links and a number of the one or more high bandwidth communication links are adjustable in real-time or near real-time to respond to requirements for communication between the one or more base stations and the plurality of remote terminal units. ### Claim 9 (depends on 1) The communication system of claim 1, wherein a data packet included in the burst data sent by a first remote terminal unit of the plurality of remote terminal units through at least one of the low bandwidth communication links is transmitted at least twice, as a first data burst and a second data burst. ### Claim 10 (depends on 9) The communication system of claim 9, wherein the first data burst and the second data burst occupy one or more different frequencies. ### Claim 11 (depends on 1) The communication system of claim 1, the system comprising: means of power control in which one or more of the plurality of remote terminal units setting a power at which it transmits depending on a strength of a signal received from the one or more base stations. ### Claim 12 (depends on 1) The communication system of claim 1, comprising: means for synchronising communications including fixed time frequency synchronisation. ### Claim 13 (depends on 3) The communication system according to claim 3, wherein allocation of the frequency and time slot tiles can be changed dynamically during operation. ### Claim 14 (depends on 3) The communication system of claim 3 in which the communication manager is configured to initially allocate frequency and time slot tiles and other configuration data to the plurality of remote terminal units and the one or more base stations over a fixed or wireless out of band connection. ### Claim 15 (depends on 1) The communication system of claim 1, wherein the latency of any communication link is adjustable by adjusting one of at least one parameter associated with the plurality of communication links, including frequency usage, tile characteristics, multiplexing/de-multiplexing techniques, timing and code usage. ### Claim 16 (depends on 2) The communication system of claim 2, wherein the tile characteristics, including a number and placement of pilots, are configurable by the communication manager. ### Claim 17 (depends on 1) The communication system of claim 1, wherein one or more of the plurality of communication links are configurable as emergency communication links. ### Claim 18 (depends on 1) The communication system of claim 1, wherein retransmission of existing data to one or more of the plurality of remote terminal units will continue until there is new data to be sent. ### Claim 19 (depends on 1) The communication system of claim 1, wherein the plurality of communication links include: at least one contention-free communication link and at least one contended communication link. ### Claim 20 (depends on 1) The communication system of claim 1, further configured for transmission of data over the one or more high bandwidth communication links to one or more of the plurality of remote terminal units to be utilized for maintenance and troubleshooting. ### Claim 21 (depends on 1) The communication system of claim 1, further configured for dynamic frequency hopping techniques to be utilized to optimize one or more of the plurality of low bandwidth communication links. ### Claim 22 (depends on 1) The communication system of claim 1, further configured for dynamic frequency selection techniques to be utilized by the one or more base stations and to be handled by one or more dedicated radio frequency chains. ### Claim 23 (depends on 1) The communication system of claim 1, being further configured such that dynamic frequency selection techniques are utilized for radar detection and avoidance. ### Claim 24 (depends on 1) The communication system of claim 1, wherein frequency pairs (+f, −f) symmetric about a centre frequency f are allocated to a same remote terminal unit of the plurality of remote terminal units so that less unwanted interference occurs compared to allocating one frequency of the pair to a first remote terminal unit of the plurality of remote terminal units and allocating another frequency of the pair to a second remote terminal unit of the plurality of remote terminal units. ### Claim 25 (depends on 24) The communication system of claim 24, wherein the plurality of remote terminal units are located at different distances from a same base station of the one or more base stations, so that a leaked signal into −f from a first remote terminal unit of the plurality of terminal units close to the same base station interferes with an actual −f signal from a second remote terminal unit of the plurality of remote terminal units far from the same base station. ### Claim 26 (depends on 1) The communication system of claim 1 configured as a radio system which is implemented as a peripheral to a computer. ### Claim 27 (depends on 1) The communication system according to claim 1, wherein the one or more base stations and the plurality of remote terminal units are configured for transmitting and receiving control and monitoring data and terminal position and command data over the plurality of low bandwidth communication links. ### Claim 28 (depends on 1) The communication system according to claim 1, wherein the one or more base stations and the plurality of remote terminal units are configured for transmitting and receiving administration and maintenance data over the one or more high bandwidth communication links. ### Claim 29 (depends on 1) The communication system according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of low bandwidth communication links include a control communication link for broadcasting information, messages or commands applicable to all the plurality of remote terminal units, and the communication manager, the one or more base stations and the plurality of remote terminal units are configured for broadcasting from the one or more base stations to the plurality of remote terminal units over the control communication link an allocation of a high bandwidth communication link to a specified one of the plurality of remote terminal units. ### Claim 30 (depends on 1) The communication system according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of remote terminal units are configured for making a request for allocation of a high bandwidth communication link, and the communication manager, the one or more base stations and the plurality of remote terminal units are configured for communicating the request for allocation of a high bandwidth communication link over at least one of the plurality of low bandwidth communication links. ### Claim 31 A communication system comprising: a communication network; one or more base stations; a plurality of remote terminal units; the one or more base stations and the plurality of remote terminal units having means for transmitting and receiving data over a plurality of communication links; and a communication manager that is configured to define and manage said plurality of communication links of the communication network; wherein: the plurality of communication links include a plurality of low bandwidth communication links and one or more high bandwidth communication links; the communication manager is configured for configuring the plurality of communication links with low bandwidth information and high bandwidth information that defines respective allocated communication resources, the low bandwidth information including a time slot to use for one or more of the plurality of low bandwidth communication links, and the low bandwidth information being initially allocated to and stored on each remote terminal unit prior to joining the communication network, and the high bandwidth information defining resources to use for the one or more high bandwidth communication links, which are allocated when requested over the communication network by one or more of the plurality of remote terminal units or the one or more base stations; and the communication manager is configured for defining a number of frequency and time slot tiles allocated to a communication link and a latency of any communication link, the number of tiles are grouped for transmission in a burst based on a location of the number of tiles in a frame, wherein the burst includes data which defines a burst type, the burst data is mapped to the communication link according to the burst type, and for at least one burst type the number of tiles are located in a frame that includes both an uplink transmission and a downlink transmission, wherein the low bandwidth information including a time slot to use for at least one of the plurality of low bandwidth communication links is stored on each remote terminal unit prior to the respective remote terminal unit joining the communication network as part of a boot process. ### Claim 32 (depends on 31) The communication system of claim 31, wherein the communication manager is operable to configure or adjust dynamically a ratio between a number of the plurality of low bandwidth communication links and a number of the one or more high bandwidth communication links. ### Claim 33 (depends on 31) The communication system according to claim 31, wherein the one or more base stations and the plurality of remote terminal units are configured for transmitting and receiving control and monitoring data and terminal position and command data over the plurality of low bandwidth communication links. ### Claim 34 (depends on 31) The communication system according to claim 31, wherein the one or more base stations and the plurality of remote terminal units are configured for transmitting and receiving administration and maintenance data over the one or more high bandwidth communication links. ### Claim 35 (depends on 31) The communication system according to claim 31, wherein the plurality of low bandwidth communication links include a control communication link for broadcasting information, messages or commands applicable to all the plurality of remote terminal units, and the communication manager, the one or more base stations and the plurality of remote terminal units are configured for broadcasting from the one or more base stations to the plurality of remote terminal units over the control communication link an allocation of a high bandwidth communication link to a specified one of the plurality of remote terminal units. ### Claim 36 (depends on 31) The communication system according to claim 31, wherein the plurality of remote terminal units are configured for making a request for allocation of a high bandwidth communication link, and the communication manager, the one or more base stations and the plurality of remote terminal units are configured for communicating the request for allocation of a high bandwidth communication link over at least one of the plurality of low bandwidth communication links.