# US 12,015,916 B2 · Signaling techniques using fragmented and multi-partitioned UWB packets > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 12,015,916 B2 - Document ID: US12015916B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 17/453,165 - Filed: 2021-11-01 - Published: 2022-05-05 - Granted: 2024-06-18 - Earliest claimed: 2020-11-02 - Assignees: Apple Inc. - Applicants: Apple Inc. - Inventors: Joachim S. Hammerschmidt; Santhoshkumar Mani; Eren Sasoglu - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US12015916B2 ## CPC - H04W 12/06: Authentication - H01Q 5/25: Ultra-wideband [UWB] systems, e.g. multiple resonance systems; Pulse systems - H04L 25/0212: {of impulse response} - H04L 25/0224: {using sounding signals} - H04W 12/0431: Key distribution or pre-distribution; Key agreement - H04W 12/0471: Key exchange - H04W: WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS (broadcast communication H04H; communication systems using wireless links for non-selective communication, e.g. wireless extensions H04M1/72) - H01Q: ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS (radiators or antennas for microwave heating H05B6/72) - H04L: TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION (arrangements common to telegraphic and telephonic communication H04M) ## Abstract Techniques are provided for utilizing a hybrid of ultra-wideband (UWB) and narrowband (NB) signaling to provide more efficient operating range and operating efficiency. In one example, a first device may transmit a first packet via an NB signal to a second device, whereby the first packet comprises information indicating to the second device a time period for reception of a second (UWB) packet. In this example, the second packet may comprise a first partition and a second partition, whereby the first partition comprises a first plurality of fragments and the second partition comprising a second plurality of fragments. The respective fragments of each plurality of fragments may be transmitted via a UWB signal. The first device may then transmit the first plurality of fragments, and then subsequently transmit the second plurality of fragments to the second device, the first and second pluralities respectively being associated with different fragment types. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A computer-implemented method, comprising: transmitting, by a first device, a first packet via a narrowband (NB) signal to a second device, the first packet comprising information indicating to the second device a time period for reception of a second packet, the second packet comprising a first partition and a second partition, the first partition comprising a first plurality of fragments and the second partition comprising a second plurality of fragments, and respective fragments of each of the first and second plurality of fragments being transmitted via an ultra-wideband signal; transmitting, by the first device, the first plurality of fragments to the second device via the ultra-wideband signal, the respective fragments of the first plurality of fragments being associated with a first fragment type; and transmitting, by the first device, the second plurality of fragments to the second device via the ultra-wideband signal, the respective fragments of the second plurality of fragments being associated with a second fragment type. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The computer-implemented method of claim 1, wherein the first partition is associated with a Channel Impulse Response (CTR) estimation and a first propagation path extraction, and the second partition is associated with a secure validation of the first propagation path extraction. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The computer-implemented method of claim 1, wherein the first fragment type of the first plurality of fragments corresponds to a periodic sequence, and wherein the second fragment type corresponds to a pseudo-random sequence. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The computer-implemented method of claim 1, wherein a first number of the first plurality of fragments and a second number of the second plurality of fragments is a different number. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The computer-implemented method of claim 1, wherein the second device authenticates a first propagation path extraction based at least in part on the second plurality of fragments. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The computer-implemented method of claim 1, wherein the first packet comprises a security parameter that indicates a pseudo-random sequence secure key that is shared between only the first device and the second device, and wherein the second device authenticates a first propagation path extraction based at least in part on the security parameter. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The computer-implemented method of claim 1, wherein the second packet is associated with a first ranging round, and wherein second packet is one of a sequence of packets that are respectively partitioned to include multiple partitions. ### Claim 8 (depends on 7) The computer-implemented method of claim 7, wherein the second packet is further partitioned to include a third plurality of fragments that is collectively associated with a data payload. ### Claim 9 A first device, comprising: a memory configured to store computer-executable instructions; and one or more processors in communication with the memory and configured to access the memory and execute the computer-executable instructions to, at least: transmit a first packet via a narrowband (NB) signal to a second device, the first packet comprising information indicating to the second device a time period for reception of a second packet, the second packet comprising a first partition and a second partition, the first partition comprising a first plurality of fragments and the second partition comprising a second plurality of fragments, and respective fragments of each of the first and second plurality of fragments being transmitted via an ultra-wideband signal; transmit the first plurality of fragments to the second device via the ultra-wideband signal, the respective fragments of the first plurality of fragments being associated with a first fragment type; and transmit the second plurality of fragments to the second device via the ultra-wideband signal, the respective fragments of the second plurality of fragments being associated with a second fragment type. ### Claim 10 (depends on 9) The first device of claim 9, wherein the first partition is associated with a Channel Impulse Response (CIR) estimation and a first propagation path extraction, and the second partition is associated with a secure validation of the first propagation path extraction. ### Claim 11 (depends on 9) The first device of claim 9, wherein the first fragment type of the first plurality of fragments corresponds to a periodic sequence, and wherein the second fragment type corresponds to a pseudo-random sequence. ### Claim 12 (depends on 9) The first device of claim 9, wherein the second packet is associated with a first ranging round, and wherein second packet is one of a sequence of packets that are respectively partitioned to include multiple partitions. ### Claim 13 (depends on 12) The first device of claim 12, wherein the second packet is further partitioned to include a third plurality of fragments that is collectively associated with a data payload. ### Claim 14 (depends on 13) The first device of claim 13, wherein the data payload comprises audio data or video data. ### Claim 15 (depends on 9) The first device of claim 9, wherein the first partition is associated with a Channel Impulse Response (CIR) estimation and the second partition is associated a data payload. ### Claim 16 One or more non-transitory computer-readable storage media comprising computer-executable instructions that, when executed by one or more processors of a first device, cause the one or more processors to perform operations comprising: transmitting a first packet via a narrowband (NB) signal to a second device, the first packet comprising information indicating to the second device a time period for reception of a second packet, the second packet comprising a first partition and a second partition, the first partition comprising a first plurality of fragments and the second partition comprising a second plurality of fragments, and respective fragments of each of the first and second plurality of fragments being transmitted via an ultra-wideband signal; transmitting the first plurality of fragments to the second device via the ultra-wideband signal, the respective fragments of the first plurality of fragments being associated with a first fragment type; and transmitting the second plurality of fragments to the second device via the ultra-wideband signal, the respective fragments of the second plurality of fragments being associated with a second fragment type. ### Claim 17 (depends on 16) The one or more non-transitory computer-readable storage media of claim 16, wherein the first partition is associated with a Channel Impulse Response (CIR) estimation and a first propagation path extraction, and the second partition is associated with a secure validation of the first propagation path extraction. ### Claim 18 (depends on 16) The one or more non-transitory computer-readable storage media of claim 16, wherein the fragment type of the first plurality of fragments corresponds to a periodic sequence, and wherein the second fragment type corresponds to a pseudo-random sequence. ### Claim 19 (depends on 16) The one or more non-transitory computer-readable storage media of claim 16, wherein the first packet comprises a security parameter that indicates a pseudo-random sequence secure key that is shared between only the first device and the second device, and wherein the second device authenticates a first propagation path extraction based at least in part on the security parameter. ### Claim 20 (depends on 16) The one or more non-transitory computer-readable storage media of claim 16, wherein the second packet further partitioned to include a third plurality of fragments that is collectively associated with a data payload.