Expanded single-hop clos star network for a datacenter of universal coverage and exabits-per-second throughput

A network comprising:

• a plurality of dual passive transposing modules (dual-PTMs), each dual-PTM connecting to:
• a first number of exterior links, each comprising γ dual channels, γ>1;
• and
• a second number of interior links, each comprising n dual channels, n>1, the first number being a positive integer multiple, m, of n, and the second number being γ×m;
• said each dual-PTM configured so that:
• each exterior link has an upstream cyclic path to each interior link;
• and
• each interior link has a downstream cyclic path to said each exterior link;
• said plurality of dual-PTMs being arranged into a number Π, Π≥1, of constellations, each constellation comprising a number H, H≥1 of dual-PTMs;
• a plurality of access nodes, each access node connecting to one dual-PTM from each of the Π constellations through a respective exterior link;
• and
• a plurality of distributors, each distributor connecting to each of H dual-PTMs of a respective constellation through a respective interior link;
• thereby, enabling network expansion to accommodate a number (H×n×m) of access nodes, each access node having a number (Π×γ×m) of parallel single-hop paths to each other access node.

A network comprising:

• a plurality of unidirectional passive transposing modules (uni-PTMs), each uni-PTM connecting to:
• a number n×m of exterior links, each exterior link comprising n channels, n>1, m>1;
• and
• n×m interior links, each interior link comprising n channels;
• said each uni-PTM configured so that said each exterior link has an upstream cyclic path to said each interior link;
• said plurality of uni-PTMs being arranged into a number H, H≥1 of constellations, each constellation comprising H uni-PTMs;
• a plurality of ingress nodes, each ingress node connecting to a respective constellation through H exterior links, each of said H exterior links connecting to one uni-PTM of the respective constellation;
• and
• a plurality of egress nodes, each egress node connecting to one uni-PTM from each of the H constellations through a respective interior link, said each egress node sharing a distributing mechanism with a respective ingress node of the plurality of ingress nodes to form an integrated node yielding a plurality of integrated nodes comprising (H×n×m) integrated nodes;
• thereby, enabling network expansion to accommodate a number (H×n×m) of integrated nodes, each integrated node having a direct path to each other integrated node and a number ((H×n×m)−2) of parallel single-hop paths to each other integrated node.