# US 12,015,276 B2 · System and method for pre-charging a DC link of a power converter

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- Number: US 12,015,276 B2
- Document ID: US12015276B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 17/673,139
- Filed: 2022-02-16
- Published: 2023-08-17
- Granted: 2024-06-18
- Earliest claimed: 2022-02-16
- Assignees: GE Infrastructure Technology LLC
- Applicants: General Electric Company
- Inventors: Fernando Arturo Ramirez Sanchez; Robert Gregory Wagoner; Zane Taylor Miller; Steven Wade Sutherland
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US12015276B2

## CPC

- H02J 3/381: {Dispersed generators}
- H02M 7/487: Neutral point clamped inverters
- H02J 3/12: Arrangements for adjusting voltage in AC networks by changing a characteristic of the network load
- H02J 3/36: Arrangements for transfer of electric power between AC networks via high-voltage DC [HVDC] links; Arrangements for transfer of electric power between generators and networks via HVDC links
- H02M 1/32: Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
- H02M 1/36: Means for starting or stopping converters
- H02P 9/08: Control of generator circuit during starting or stopping of driving means, e.g. for initiating excitation
- H02J 2101/28: Wind energy
- H02J: ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02M: APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF (transformers H01F; dynamo-electric converters H02K47/00; controlling transformers, reactors or choke coils, control or regulation of electric motors, generators or dynamo-electric converters H02P)
- H02P: CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS

## Abstract

A system and method for pre-charging a DC link of a multi-level power converter, to reduce electrical transients or to decrease a charging current when a converter contactor/disconnect switch is closed, is described. The systems and methods of the present disclosure also provides a new and simplified system for pre-charging a DC link of a multi-level power converter by leveraging a neutral point of a multi-level power converter and a single-line connection to the grid side of the power converter. The DC link charger of the present disclosure, therefore, is capable of reducing the quantity of dedicated superfluous hardware and/or excess resistors, contactors, transformers, fuses, diodes, balancing components, rectifier modules, etc. demanded by conventional systems. Reduced quantities of electronic components and hardware can thereby decrease system costs per unit and lead to significant cost savings.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A method for reducing charging current during startup of a multi-phase power system configured for electrically coupling to a power grid, the multi-phase power system having a power conversion assembly with a first converter coupled to a second converter via a DC link, the method comprising:
pre-charging the DC link by performing the following:
electrically and temporarily coupling a portion of the DC link to ground;
electrically and temporarily coupling a single phase of the power conversion assembly of the multi-phase power system to the power grid, the single phase of the power conversion assembly comprising one or more electrical bridge components;
providing current from the grid to the one or more electrical bridge components; and
wherein the temporary coupling of a portion of the DC link to ground establishes a temporary electrical return path for the single phase of the power conversion assembly.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the power conversion assembly is a multi-level power conversion assembly, and wherein the temporary electrical coupling of the portion of the DC link to ground is between a DC midpoint of the DC link and ground.

### Claim 3 (depends on 2)

The method of claim 2, further comprising decoupling a grid distortion filter of the multi-phase power system from the single phase via a disconnect switch such that the grid distortion filter is decoupled during the pre-charging the DC link.

### Claim 4 (depends on 3)

The method of claim 3, wherein the one or more electrical bridge components of the power conversion assembly comprises a plurality of bridge diodes of the power conversion assembly.

### Claim 5 (depends on 3)

The method of claim 3, further comprising closing the disconnect switch such that the grid distortion filter is coupled after the pre-charging the DC link.

### Claim 6 (depends on 5)

The method of claim 5, wherein the one or more electrical bridge components of the power conversion assembly comprises a plurality of bridge diodes of the power conversion assembly and the grid distortion filter.

### Claim 7 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the multi-phase power system is a wind turbine power system.

### Claim 8 (depends on 7)

The method of claim 7, wherein the first converter is a rotor-side converter and the second converter is a line-side converter of the wind turbine power system.

### Claim 9

A method for charging a DC link of a power conversion assembly of a multi-phase power system electrically coupled to a power grid, the power conversion assembly having a first converter coupled to a second converter via the DC link, the method comprising:
electrically and temporarily coupling a single phase of the power conversion assembly of the multi-phase power system to the power grid, the single phase of the power conversion assembly comprising one or more electrical bridge components;
electrically and temporarily coupling a portion of the DC link to ground;
providing current to the one or more electrical bridge components in the single phase of the power conversion assembly; and
wherein the temporary coupling of a portion of the DC link to ground establishes an electrical return path for the single phase of the power conversion assembly.

### Claim 10

A multi-phase power system configured for electrically coupling to a power grid, comprising:
a power conversion assembly comprising a first converter coupled to a second converter via a DC link, wherein a single phase of the power conversion assembly is electrically coupled to the power grid, at least one of the first and second converters of the power conversion assembly comprising one or more electrical bridge components; and
a controller communicatively coupled to the power conversion assembly, the controller configured to perform operations comprising:
pre-charging the DC link to decrease charging current during startup by performing the following:
electrically and temporarily coupling a portion of the DC link to ground;
electrically and temporarily coupling a single phase of the power conversion assembly of the multi-phase power system to the power grid, the single phase of the power conversion assembly comprising one or more electrical bridge components;
providing current from the power grid to the one or more electrical bridge components; and
wherein the temporary coupling of a portion of the DC link to ground establishes a temporary electrical return path for the single phase of the power conversion assembly.

### Claim 11 (depends on 10)

The system of claim 10, wherein the power conversion assembly is a multi-level power conversion assembly, and wherein the temporary ground connection is established between a DC midpoint of the DC link and ground.

### Claim 12 (depends on 11)

The system of claim 11, wherein a grid distortion filter of the multi-phase power system is coupled to the single phase of the power conversion assembly via a disconnect switch, and wherein the operations of the controller further comprise decoupling the grid distortion filter during the pre-charging of the DC link.

### Claim 13 (depends on 12)

The system of claim 12, wherein the one or more electrical bridge components of the power conversion assembly comprises a plurality of bridge diodes.

### Claim 14 (depends on 11)

The system of claim 11, wherein a grid distortion filter of the multi-phase power system is coupled to the single phase of the power conversion assembly via a disconnect switch, and wherein the operations of the controller further comprise coupling the grid distortion filter after the pre-charging of the DC link.

### Claim 15 (depends on 14)

The system of claim 14, wherein the one or more electrical bridge components of the power conversion assembly comprises a plurality of bridge diodes of the power conversion assembly and the grid distortion filter.

### Claim 16 (depends on 10)

The system of claim 10, wherein the multi-phase power system is a wind turbine power system, and wherein the first converter is a rotor-side converter and the second converter is a line-side converter of the wind turbine power system.