Wave energy absorbing and converting device and power generation system

A wave energy absorption and conversion device, which comprises a floating body (1), a guiding shaft (5) being connected to the bottom of the floating body (1), a damping plate (9) relatively movably sleeving the guiding shaft (5), an upper constraint structure and a lower constraint structure being placed above and below the damping plate (9) respectively to constrain a movement range of the damping plate (9) on the guiding shaft (5) and defining an upper constrain limit and a lower constrain limit of the damping plate (9) respectively, and moving up and down of the floating body (1) together with the guiding shaft (5) under a wave action result in relative movement counter against the damping plate (9) which produces kinetic energy for electric power generation system, being characterized in that:

• a counteracting mechanism (14) is set at or near a middle position of the movement range of the damping plate to counteract an upward or downward moving trend of the damping plate (9);
• a counterforce of the counteracting mechanism (14) is gravity of a counterweight (14a) or a buoyancy force of a buoyancy tank (14b);
• the counterforce is opposite to a natural moving direction of the damping plate (9), so that the damping plate (9) is kept in a relatively static state underwater in the middle position of the movement range on the guiding shaft;
• when the floating body and the guiding shaft move up and down under a certain wave height, the damping plate is not able to reach either the upper and lower constrain limits preventing the loss of relative movement,
• a buoyancy force of the damping plate (9) is designed to be greater than the total gravity carried thereby, the upward moving trend of the damping plate is counteracted, and the counterweight (14a) is loaded on the damping plate, so that the sum of gravity of the damping plate (9) with the addition of the counterweight (14a) is greater than the sum of buoyancy forces thereof;
• the combination of damping plate (9) with the counterweight (14a) happens when the damping plate (9) moving up to the middle position from the lower end of the movement range thereof, as an opposite acting force of the counterweight (14a) counteracts the redundant buoyancy force of the damping plate, i.e., weakens an ascending kinetic energy of a combined body, the combined body stays at the middle position of movement range, i.e., an initial combined position or vicinity, and the damping plate moves in the middle areas of other movement ranges when relative movement is generated between the damping plate and the guiding shaft by waves, so that in a certain wave range, the colliding between damping plate (9) and the upper constraint structure (11a) and is prevented and a loss of relative movement between damping plate (9) and floating body (1) is prevented, and
• a total carried gravity of the damping plate (9) is designed to be greater than the buoyancy force thereof, the downward moving trend of the damping plate is counteracted, and the buoyancy tank (14b) is placed below the damping plate (9), so that the sum of the buoyancy forces of the damping plate (9) and the buoyancy tank (14b) is greater than the sum of gravities carried thereby;
• the damping plate (9) is combined with the buoyancy tank (14b) when moving to the middle position from the upper end of the movement range thereof to the lower end, as an upward acting force of the buoyancy tank (14b) weakens the descending kinetic energy of the combined body, i.e., counteracts redundant gravity of the damping plate, the combined body stays at the middle position of movement of the damping plate, i.e., an initial combined position or vicinity, and the damping plate moves in the middle areas of other movement ranges when relative movement is generated between the damping plate and the guiding shaft by waves, so that under a certain wave height, the colliding between damping plate (9) and the lower constraint structure (11b) is prevented and the loss of relative movement between damping plate (9) and floating body (1) is prevented as well.