# US 12,010,564 B2 · Selective handover or redirection based on interface availability > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 12,010,564 B2 - Document ID: US12010564B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 17/396,156 - Filed: 2021-08-06 - Published: 2021-11-25 - Granted: 2024-06-11 - Earliest claimed: 2018-06-22 - Assignees: Nokia Solutions and Networks Oy - Applicants: Nokia Solutions and Networks Oy - Inventors: Anna Sillanpaa; Philippe Godin - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US12010564B2 ## CPC - H04W 36/0033: {with transfer of context information} - H04W 36/0079: {in case of hand-off failure or rejection} - H04W 36/00222: {between different packet switched [PS] network technologies, e.g. transferring data sessions between LTE and WLAN or LTE and 5G} - H04W 36/1443: {between licensed networks} - H04W 60/04: using triggered events - H04W 8/02: Processing of mobility data, e.g. registration information at HLR [Home Location Register] or VLR [Visitor Location Register]; Transfer of mobility data, e.g. between HLR, VLR or external networks - H04W 84/042: {Public Land Mobile systems, e.g. cellular systems} - H04W 92/02: Inter-networking arrangements - H04W: WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS (broadcast communication H04H; communication systems using wireless links for non-selective communication, e.g. wireless extensions H04M1/72) ## Abstract A first radio access network (RAN) accesses information indicating an availability status of an interface between an access and mobility management function (AMF) in a first wireless communication system and a mobility management entity (MME) in a second wireless communication system. The first RAN receives a trigger for a handover of a user equipment between the first RAN and a second RAN. The handover is selectively performed via the interface or a redirect via a network element shared by the first and second wireless communication systems based on the availability status. In some cases, the first RAN receive the information indicating the availability status prior to providing the request for the handover and stores the information in a database associated with the first RAN, which access the information from the database. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A method comprising: accessing, at a first radio access network (RAN) from a database, information indicating an availability status of an interface between an access and mobility management function (AMF) in a first wireless communication system and a mobility management entity (MME) in a second wireless communication system, wherein the information accessed by the first RAN from the database comprises availability status information associated with a plurality of interfaces between the MME and a plurality of AMFs; receiving, at the first RAN from a user equipment (UE), a trigger for a handover of the UE between the first RAN and a second RAN; and in response to receiving the trigger from the UE at the first RAN, selectively performing the handover via the interface or transmitting a release over an air interface to the UE to trigger a redirect via a network element shared by the first and second wireless communication systems based on the availability status. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, further comprising: receiving a rejection of a request for the handover, wherein a cause of the rejection is unavailability of the interface; and modifying the availability status of the interface to indicate that the interface is unavailable in response to receiving the rejection. ### Claim 3 (depends on 2) The method of claim 2, wherein receiving the rejection of the request for handover comprises receiving information indicating whether the interface is permanently or temporarily unavailable. ### Claim 4 (depends on 2) The method of claim 2, wherein modifying the availability status comprises modifying the availability status for an area of the second wireless communication system that includes the second RAN. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein selectively performing the handover comprises transferring a context associated with the user equipment from the first RAN to the second RAN via the interface in response to the availability status indicating that the interface is available. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein selectively performing the redirect comprises creating a new context associated with the user equipment in the second RAN in response to the availability status indicating that the interface is not available. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, further comprising: receiving, at the first RAN, the information indicating the availability status prior to receiving the trigger for the handover; and storing the information to be accessible by the first RAN. ### Claim 8 (depends on 7) The method of claim 7, wherein the first RAN is in the first wireless communication system and the second RAN is in the second wireless communication system, the method further comprising: providing, from the first RAN, information identifying an area in the second wireless communication system, the area including the second RAN, and wherein receiving the information indicating the availability status comprises receiving information indicating the availability status for the area. ### Claim 9 (depends on 8) The method of claim 8, wherein the information indicating availability status of the area is received in reply of the first RAN providing information identifying the said area from the AMF or MME. ### Claim 10 A first radio access network (RAN) comprising: a memory, comprising a database, to store availability status information associated with a plurality of interfaces between a mobility management entity (MME) and a plurality of access and mobility management functions (AMFs), wherein the availability status information comprises information indicating an availability status of an interface between an AMF of the plurality of AMFs in a first wireless communication system and the mobility management entity (MME) in a second wireless communication system; a transceiver to selectively transmit a handover command or a redirect command towards a user equipment (UE) over an air interface and to receive, from the UE, at least one message over the air interface to initiate a handover or a redirect of the UE between the first RAN and a second RAN; and a processor to, in response to reception of the at least one message from the UE, selectively perform the handover via the interface or transmit a release over the air interface towards the UE to trigger the redirect via a network element shared by the first and second wireless communication systems based on the availability status. ### Claim 11 (depends on 10) The first RAN of claim 10, wherein: the transceiver is configured to receive a rejection of a request for the handover and a cause of the rejection is unavailability of the interface; and the processor is configured to modify the availability status of the interface to indicate that the interface is unavailable. ### Claim 12 (depends on 11) The first RAN of claim 11, wherein the transceiver is configured to receive the rejection of the request for handover by receiving information indicating whether the interface is permanently or temporarily unavailable. ### Claim 13 (depends on 10) The first RAN of claim 10, further comprising: a transmitter configured to transfer a context associated with the user equipment from the first RAN to the second RAN via the interface in response to the availability status indicating that the interface is available. ### Claim 14 (depends on 10) The first RAN of claim 10, wherein the shared network element is a shared user plane entity that implements user plane functionality for a packet data unit (PDU) gateway (PGW-U) and a user plane function (UPF). ### Claim 15 (depends on 10) The first RAN of claim 10, wherein the transceiver is configured to receive the information indicating the availability status prior to selectively transmitting the handover command or the redirect command, and wherein the processor is configured to access the information from the database. ### Claim 16 (depends on 15) The first RAN of claim 15, wherein the first RAN is in the first wireless communication system and the second RAN is in the second wireless communication system, and: wherein the transceiver is configured to provide information identifying an area in the second wireless communication system, the area including the second RAN, and wherein the transceiver is configured to receive the information indicating the availability status by receiving information indicating the availability status for the area. ### Claim 17 (depends on 16) The first RAN of claim 16, wherein the information identifying the area includes at least one of a cell identifier, a tracking area identifier, a public land mobile network (PLMN) identifier, a network slice identifier, an identifier of a MME/AMF pool area, or a RAN-core network interface identifier. ### Claim 18 (depends on 17) The first RAN of claim 17, wherein the information indicating the availability status of the area is received in reply to the first RAN providing information identifying the area from the AMF or MME. ### Claim 19 An apparatus comprising at least one processor; and at least one memory including computer program code, the at least one memory and the computer program code configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least to: access, from a database, information indicating an availability status of an interface between an access and mobility management function (AMF) in a first wireless communication system and a mobility management entity (MME) in a second wireless communication system wherein the information accessed from the database comprises availability status information associated with a plurality of interfaces between the MME and a plurality of AMEs; receive, from a user equipment (UE), a trigger for a handover of the UE between a first radio access network (RAN) and a second RAN; and in response to receiving the trigger from the UE, selectively perform the handover via the interface or transmit a release to trigger a redirect via a network element shared by the first and second wireless communication systems based on the availability status. ### Claim 20 A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing instructions that, when executed by one or more processors, are configured to: access, from a database, information indicating an availability status of an interface between an access and mobility management function (AMF) in a first wireless communication system and a mobility management entity (MME) in a second wireless communication system, wherein the information accessed from the database comprises availability status information associated with a plurality of interfaces between the MME and a plurality of AMFs; receive, from a user equipment (UE), a trigger for a handover of the UE between a first radio access network (RAN) and a second RAN; and in response to receiving the trigger from the UE, selectively perform the handover via the interface or transmit a release to trigger a redirect via a network element shared by the first and second wireless communication systems based on the availability status.