# US 12,009,906 B2 · Beam super surge methods and apparatus for small geostationary (GEO) communication satellites > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 12,009,906 B2 - Document ID: US12009906B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 18/208,734 - Filed: 2023-06-12 - Published: 2024-03-28 - Granted: 2024-06-11 - Earliest claimed: 2019-06-28 - Assignees: Astranis Space Technologies Corp. - Applicants: Astranis Space Technologies Corp. - Inventors: John Gedmark; Siamak Ebadi; Ryan McLinko; Steve Joseph; Robert Kummerer; Adam Bily; Kagan Topalli - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US12009906B2 ## CPC - H04B 7/18515: {Transmission equipment in satellites or space-based relays} - H01Q 1/288: {Satellite antennas} - H01Q 3/30: varying the {relative} phase {between the radiating elements of an array (H01Q3/2605, H01Q3/2658, H01Q3/2682, H01Q3/44 take precedence)} - H01Q 19/10: using reflecting surfaces - H04B 7/18513: {Transmission in a satellite or space-based system} - H04B 7/18528: {Satellite systems for providing two-way communications service to a network of fixed stations, i.e. fixed satellite service or very small aperture terminal [VSAT] system} - H04B 7/19: Earth-synchronous stations - H04B 7/2041: {Spot beam multiple access} - H04B: TRANSMISSION - H01Q: ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS (radiators or antennas for microwave heating H05B6/72) ## Abstract Disclosed embodiments relate satellites using a Software-Defined Radio (“SDR”) system. In one example, a geostationary (GEO) satellite includes an antenna system including multiple antennas, each configured to provide a spot beam having an adjustable throughput for a terrestrial coverage area while the antenna is in an active state and the satellite is in orbit above the Earth, a front-end subsystem communicatively coupled to the antenna system having an input side including an input filter and an analog-to-digital converter, and an output side including an output filter and a digital-to-analog converter, and a software defined radio (“SDR”) communicatively coupled to the antenna system via the front-end subsystem. The SDR, in response to a surge modification request, modifies a throughput of each active antenna by increasing or decreasing a share of a satellite power budget allotted to the antenna by deactivating or activating a previously active or previously inactive antenna, respectively. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A communication satellite comprising: a front-end subsystem communicatively coupled to an antenna system having a plurality of antennas, the front-end subsystem comprising an input side including an input filter and an analog-to-digital converter, and an output side including an output filter and a digital-to-analog converter; and a software defined radio (“SDR”), communicatively coupled to the antenna system via one or more user slices combined or split with the input side or the output side of the front-end subsystem, wherein each of one or more user slices are configured to communicate with one or more distinct gateway slices, wherein the SDR is configured to selectively increase or decrease the throughput of one or more of the plurality of antennas. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The communication satellite of claim 1, wherein each of the plurality of antennas is configured to provide a communication coverage region having an adjustable bandwidth for a terrestrial coverage area while the antenna system is in an active state and the satellite is in an orbit above Earth. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The communication satellite of claim 1, wherein the SDR includes a processor configured to provide at least one of gain control, channelization, beamforming, and channel routing for at least one user slice or beam for a plurality of user terminals and at least one gateway slice or beam for a gateway station. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The communication satellite of claim 1, wherein the input side includes an input filter, a down-converter, and an analog-to-digital converter, and the output side includes an output filter, an up-converter, and a digital-to-analog converter. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The communication satellite of claim 1, wherein the SDR includes an intermediate frequency board configured to convert signals for transmission or reception over transmitting and receiving lines. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The communication satellite of claim 1, wherein the SDR includes a payload power board configured to isolate a battery power supply from a payload communications system and establish a point of ground for the SDR. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The communication satellite of claim 1, wherein the SDR includes an SDR power board configured to provide an adjustable voltage for the SDR. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The communication satellite of claim 1, wherein the SDR is configured for multiple different user slices as to a distinct gateway slice, wherein each user slice of the multiple user slices communicates with the distinct gateway slice, and the distinct gateway slice combines and/or splits inputs and/or outputs to and from the multiple different user slices. ### Claim 9 (depends on 1) The communication satellite of claim 1, wherein the SDR includes a digital filter configured to adjust the bandwidth of the digital filter as multiple beams are received by the satellite such that only desired beams are processed. ### Claim 10 (depends on 1) The communication satellite of claim 1, wherein the SDR includes a processor communicatively coupled to one or more digital to analog converters (DACs) and one or more analog to digital converters (ADCs) per an input port and an output port, wherein the ADC is connected to a down-converter, and the DAC is connected to an up-converter. ### Claim 11 A method comprising: providing a communication satellite comprising: a front-end subsystem communicatively coupled to an antenna system having a plurality of antennas, the front-end subsystem comprising an input side including an input filter and an analog-to-digital converter, and an output side including an output filter and a digital-to-analog converter; and a software defined radio (“SDR”), communicatively coupled to the antenna system via one or more user slices combined or split with the input side or the output side of the front-end subsystem; communicating, via each one or more user slices, with one or more distinct gateway slices; and selectively increasing or decreasing the throughput of one or more of the plurality of antennas. ### Claim 12 (depends on 11) The method of claim 11, further comprising: providing a communication coverage region having an adjustable bandwidth for a terrestrial coverage area while the antenna system is in an active state and the satellite is in an orbit above Earth. ### Claim 13 (depends on 11) The method of claim 11, further comprising: providing, via the SDR, at least one of gain control, channelization, beamforming, and channel routing for at least one user slice or beam for a plurality of user terminals and at least one gateway slice or beam for a gateway station. ### Claim 14 (depends on 11) The method of claim 11, wherein the input side includes an input filter, a down-converter, and an analog-to-digital converter, and the output side includes an output filter, an up-converter, and a digital-to-analog converter. ### Claim 15 (depends on 11) The method of claim 11, wherein the SDR includes an intermediate frequency board configured to convert signals for transmission or reception over transmitting and receiving lines. ### Claim 16 (depends on 11) The method of claim 11, further comprising: isolating, via a payload power board, a battery power supply from a payload communications system and establish a point of ground for the SDR. ### Claim 17 (depends on 11) The method of claim 11, further comprising: providing, via an SDR power board, an adjustable voltage for the SDR. ### Claim 18 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, further comprising: providing multiple different user slices as to a distinct gateway slice, wherein each user slice of the multiple user slices communicates with the distinct gateway slice, and the distinct gateway slice combines and/or splits inputs and/or outputs to and from the multiple different user slices. ### Claim 19 (depends on 11) The method of claim 11, further comprising: adjusting the bandwidth of the digital filter as multiple beams are received by the satellite such that only desired beams are processed, wherein the SDR include the digital filter. ### Claim 20 (depends on 11) The method of claim 11, wherein the SDR includes a processor communicatively coupled to one or more digital to analog converters (DACs) and one or more analog to digital converters (ADCs) per an input port and an output port, wherein the ADC is connected to a down-converter and the DAC is connected to an up-converter.