# US 12,009,763 B2 · Mode switching for a centrifugal compressor > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 12,009,763 B2 - Document ID: US12009763B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 18/556,753 - Filed: 2022-04-22 - Published: 2024-03-14 - Granted: 2024-06-11 - Earliest claimed: 2021-04-23 - Assignees: Trane International Inc. - Applicants: Trane International Inc. - Inventors: Benjamin J. Sykora; Petri J. Mäki-Ontto; James W. Ziemer; Matthew A. Shepeck - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US12009763B2 ## CPC - H02P 25/184: {wherein the motor speed is changed by switching from a delta to a star, e.g. wye, connection of its windings, or vice versa} - F24F 11/86: by controlling compressors within refrigeration or heat pump circuits - F24F 11/88: Electrical aspects, e.g. circuits - F25B 49/025: {Motor control arrangements} - H02P 25/18: with arrangements for switching the windings, e.g. with mechanical switches or relays - F25B 1/053: of turbine type - F25B 2600/0253: with variable speed - H02P 2207/055: Surface mounted magnet motors - Y02B 30/70: Efficient control or regulation technologies, e.g. for control of refrigerant flow, motor or heating - H02P: CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS - F24F: AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING (removing dirt or fumes from areas where they are produced B08B15/00; vertical ducts for carrying away waste gases from buildings E04F17/02; tops for chimneys or ventilating shafts, terminals for flues F23L17/02) - F25B: REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS - Y02B: CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS ## Abstract The technologies described and recited herein pertain to a permanent magnet motor having multiple voltage taps so that the motor may run in multiple configurations, e.g., a low-range and a high-range, and have multiple optimal operating points. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A permanent magnet motor for a heating, ventilation, air conditioning, and refrigeration (HVACR) system, comprising: a rotor; a stator having voltage taps to variably connect the rotor to either of a low-range voltage path and a high-range voltage path; and a variable frequency drive (VFD) variably connected to the rotor via either the low-range voltage path or the high-range voltage path, wherein the voltage taps connect the stator to the VFD via the low-range voltage path to implement the HVACR system as a heating system. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The permanent magnet motor of claim 1, wherein the low-range voltage path allows the motor to operate at higher speeds with the same input voltage. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The permanent magnet motor of claim 1, wherein the low-range voltage path carries a maximum VFD output voltage for a heating system. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The permanent magnet motor of claim 1, wherein the permanent magnet motor is a multi-tap four-pole motor, wherein further each pole has a corresponding branch of coils, and the branches of coils for the four poles are in series. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The permanent magnet motor of claim 1, wherein a number of poles for the permanent magnet motor is a multiple of four, and wherein further each pole has a corresponding branch of coils, and the branches of coils for the poles are in series. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The permanent magnet motor of claim 1, wherein the low-range voltage path is connected delta with the VFD and the high-range voltage path is connected wye with the VFD. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) A method of controlling an operating mode of the permanent magnet motor of claim 1 in a heating, ventilation, air conditioning, and refrigeration (HVACR) system, the method comprising: controlling speed of a rotor corresponding to the permanent magnet motor by switching between connections between the rotor and a variable frequency drive. ### Claim 8 A permanent magnet motor for a heating, ventilation, air conditioning, and refrigeration (HVACR) system, comprising: a rotor; a stator having voltage taps to variably connect the rotor to either of a low-range voltage path and a high-range voltage path; and a variable frequency drive (VFD) variably connected to the rotor via either the low-range voltage path or the high-range voltage path, wherein the voltage taps connect the stator to the VFD via the high-range voltage path to implement the HVAC system as a cooling system. ### Claim 9 (depends on 8) The permanent magnet motor of claim 8, wherein the high-range voltage path optimizes the motor to operate at higher voltages and lower currents at lower speeds. ### Claim 10 (depends on 8) The permanent magnet motor of claim 8, wherein the high-range voltage path carries a maximum VFD output voltage for a cooling system. ### Claim 11 (depends on 8) The permanent magnet motor of claim 8, wherein the permanent magnet motor is a multi-tap four-pole motor, wherein further each pole has a corresponding branch of coils, and the branches of coils for the four poles are in series. ### Claim 12 (depends on 8) The permanent magnet motor of claim 8, wherein a number of poles for the permanent magnet motor is a multiple of four, and wherein further each pole has a corresponding branch of coils, and the branches of coils for the poles are in series. ### Claim 13 (depends on 8) The permanent magnet motor of claim 8, wherein the low-range voltage path is connected delta with the VFD and the high-range voltage path is connected wye with the VFD.