# US 12,009,475 B2 · All-solid-state battery including a solid electrolyte and methods of making thereof

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- Number: US 12,009,475 B2
- Document ID: US12009475B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 17/095,483
- Filed: 2020-11-11
- Published: 2021-05-20
- Granted: 2024-06-11
- Earliest claimed: 2019-11-18
- Assignees: The Regents of the University of California; Montana State University
- Applicants: The Regents of the University of California; Montana State University
- Inventors: Eongyu Yi; Marca Doeff; Guoying Chen; Stephen Sofie
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US12009475B2

## CPC

- H01M 10/0562: Solid materials
- H01M 4/0409: {by a doctor blade method, slip-casting or roller coating}
- H01M 4/0471: {involving thermal treatment, e.g. firing, sintering, backing particulate active material, thermal decomposition, pyrolysis}
- H01M 4/381: {Alkaline or alkaline earth metals elements (H01M4/40 takes precedence)}
- H01M 4/382: {Lithium (H01M4/405 takes precedence)}
- H01M 4/505: of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy
- H01M 4/525: of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
- H01M 4/5825: {Oxygenated metallic salts or polyanionic structures, e.g. borates, phosphates, silicates, olivines}
- H01M 4/62: Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
- H01M 4/625: {Carbon or graphite}
- H01M 4/1391: of electrodes based on mixed oxides or hydroxides, or on mixtures of oxides or hydroxides, e.g. LiCoOx
- H01M 2300/0045: Room temperature molten salts comprising at least one organic ion
- H01M 2300/0068: inorganic
- H01M 2300/0071: Oxides
- H01M 2300/0077: based on zirconium oxide
- H01M 2300/0091: in the form of mixtures
- H01M 2300/0094: in the form of layered products, e.g. coatings
- Y02E 60/10: Energy storage using batteries
- H01M: PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- Y02E: REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION

## Abstract

This disclosure provides systems, methods, and apparatus related to an all-solid-state battery including a solid electrolyte. In one aspect, a device includes a first layer of an ionically conducting oxide, a second layer of the ionically conducting oxide disposed on the first layer, and an anode disposed on the second layer of the ionically conducting oxide. The first layer defines through pores having a tortuosity of about 1. The first layer includes transition metal oxide particles and an ionically conducting solid disposed in the through pores. The transition metal oxide particles are a cathode. The first layer and the ionically conducting solid are an electrolyte. The second layer does not define any through pores. The second layer is a separator.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A battery comprising:
an anode layer;
a separator portion comprising an ionically conducting oxide material disposed on the anode layer;
a solid electrolyte portion comprising said ionically conducting oxide material and an ionically conducting solid material comprising a plastic-crystal comprising an organic compound and a lithium salt disposed on the separator, said ionically conducting oxide material being different than the ionically conducting solid material, said ionically conducting oxide material having pores having a tortuosity of about 1 and the ionically conducting solid material being disposed in said pores; and
a cathode comprising lithium transition metal oxide particles disposed in the ionically conducting oxide material.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The battery of claim 1, wherein the anode layer comprises lithium or sodium.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

The battery of claim 1, further comprising:
a first current collector disposed on the solid electrolyte portion opposite the separator portion; and
a second current collector disposed on the anode layer opposite the separator portion.

### Claim 4 (depends on 1)

The battery of claim 1, wherein the lithium transition metal oxide particles are selected from a group consisting of LiNixMnyCozO2 (0≤x≤1, 0≤y≤1, 0≤z≤1, x+y+z=1), LiMn2O4 and variants, LiMn1.5Ni0.5O4 and variants, and combinations thereof.

### Claim 5 (depends on 1)

The battery of claim 1, wherein the solid electrolyte portion further comprises an electron conducting material disposed in the ionically conducting solid material or directly on the lithium transition metal oxide particles.

### Claim 6 (depends on 5)

The battery of claim 5, wherein the electron conducting material is selected from a group consisting of carbon black particles, carbon nanotubes, carbon nanofibers, and a conductive polymer.

### Claim 7 (depends on 1)

The battery of claim 1, wherein the solid electrolyte portion is about 50 μm to 500 μm thick.

### Claim 8 (depends on 1)

The battery of claim 1, wherein the separator portion is about 5 μm to 40 μm thick.

### Claim 9 (depends on 1)

The battery of claim 1, wherein a volume percent of the lithium transition metal oxide particles is about 50% to 80%.

### Claim 10 (depends on 1)

The battery of claim 1, wherein the lithium salt is selected from a group consisting of lithium perchlorate (LiClO4), lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (LiTFSI), lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (LiFSI), lithium difluoro(oxalate)borate (LiDFOB), lithium bis(oxalato)borate (LiBOB), lithium tetrafluoroborate (LiBF4), lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF6), and combinations thereof.

### Claim 11 (depends on 1)

The battery of claim 1, wherein the organic compound is selected from a group consisting of alkylmethylpyrrolidinium imide, N-ethyl-N-methylpyrrolidinium tetrafluoroborate, N,N-dimethylethylenediamine, 2-methylimidazolium triflate, 2-methylimidazolinium triflate, N-ethyl-N-methylpyrrolidinium bis(fluorosulfonyl)amide, N-ethyl-N-methylpyrrolidinium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide, succinonitrile, ethyl methylpyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)amide, triisobutyl(methyl)phosphonium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide, N,N-diethyl-N-methyl-N-(n-propyl)ammonium trifluoromethyltrifluoroborate, N,N′-diethyl-3-methylpyrazolium bis-(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide, pyrazolium imide, N-methyl-N-ethylpyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)amide, and combinations thereof.

### Claim 12 (depends on 1)

The battery of claim 1, wherein the ionically conducting oxide material comprises Li7La3Zr2O12 and derivatives.

### Claim 13 (depends on 1)

The battery of claim 1, wherein the battery does not include a liquid.