# US 12,009,056 B2 · Data transmission apparatus and method having clock gating mechanism

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- Number: US 12,009,056 B2
- Document ID: US12009056B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 17/861,424
- Filed: 2022-07-11
- Published: 2024-01-11
- Granted: 2024-06-11
- Earliest claimed: 2022-07-11
- Assignees: Realtek Semiconductor Corp.
- Applicants: Realtek Semiconductor Corporation
- Inventors: Fu-Chin Tsai; Ger-Chih Chou; Chun-Chi Yu; Chih-Wei Chang; Shih-Han Lin
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US12009056B2

## CPC

- G11C 7/222: {Clock generating, synchronizing or distributing circuits within memory device}
- G06F 13/1689: {Synchronisation and timing concerns (synchronisation on a memory bus G06F13/4234)}
- G06F 13/4243: {with synchronous protocol}
- G11C 7/1012: {Data reordering during input/output, e.g. crossbars, layers of multiplexers, shifting or rotating}
- G11C 7/1066: {Output synchronization}
- G11C 7/1072: {for memories with random access ports synchronised on clock signal pulse trains, e.g. synchronous memories, self timed memories}
- G11C 7/109: {Control signal input circuits}
- G11C 7/1093: {Input synchronization}
- G11C: STATIC STORES (semiconductor memory devices H10B)
- G06F: ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING (computer systems based on specific computational models G06N)

## Abstract

The present invention discloses a data transmission apparatus having clock gating mechanism. Each of data transmission circuits has a flip-flop depth of N and receives a write clock signal and one of read clock signals to receive and output one of data signals. A write clock gating circuit receives a write clock gating enabling signal to transmit the write clock signal to the data transmission circuits. Each of read clock gating circuits receives one of read clock gating enabling signals to transmit one of the read clock signals. The gating signal transmission circuit has a flip-flop depth of N+M and receives the write and the read clock signals to receive the write clock gating enabling signal and output the read clock gating enabling signals. A largest timing difference among the read clock signals is P clock cycles and M is at least ┌P┐.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A data transmission apparatus having clock gating mechanism, comprising:
a plurality of data transmission circuits each configured to receive a write clock signal to receive one of a plurality of data signals accordingly and receive one of a plurality of read clock signals to output the corresponding one of the plurality of data signals accordingly;
a write clock gating circuit configured to receive a write clock gating enabling signal to enable and disable the transmission of the write clock signal to the data transmission circuits;
a plurality of read clock gating circuits each configured to receive one of a plurality of read clock gating enabling signals to enable and disable the transmission of one of the plurality of read clock signals to one of the data transmission circuits; and
a gating signal transmission circuit configured to receive the write clock signal to receive the write clock gating enabling signal accordingly and receive the plurality of read clock signals to output the read clock gating enabling signals accordingly, wherein a depth of the gating signal transmission circuit is larger than a depth of each of the data transmission circuits at least by a predetermined number determined by a largest timing difference among the plurality of read clock signals.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The data transmission apparatus of claim 1, wherein each of the data transmission circuits has a flip-flop depth of N and operated in a first-in-first-out (FIFO) manner, and each of the gating signal transmission circuit has the flip-flop depth of N+M and operated in the FIFO manner;
the largest timing difference among the plurality of read clock signals is P clock cycles thereof and M is at least ┌P┐, N and M being a positive integer and P being a positive number.

### Claim 3 (depends on 2)

The data transmission apparatus of claim 2, wherein each of the data transmission circuits comprises:
a plurality of flip-flops having a number of N;
a write address generation circuit configured to receive the write clock signal to select the flip-flops one after another to receive the corresponding one of the plurality of data signals based on the timing of the write clock signal;
a multiplexer coupled to all the flip-flops; and
a read address generation circuit configured to receive one of the plurality of read clock signals to control the multiplexer to select the flip-flops one after another to receive the corresponding one of the plurality of data signals therefrom and output the corresponding one of the plurality of data signals.

### Claim 4 (depends on 2)

The data transmission apparatus of claim 2, wherein the gating signal transmission circuit comprises:
a plurality of flip-flops having a number of N+M;
a write address generation circuit configured to receive the write clock signal to select the flip-flops one after another to receive the write clock gating enabling signal based on the timing of the write clock signal;
a plurality of multiplexers each coupled to all the flip-flops; and
a plurality of read address generation circuits each configured to receive one of the plurality of read clock signals to control a corresponding one of the multiplexers to select the flip-flops one after another to receive the write clock gating enabling signal therefrom and output the write clock gating enabling signal as one of the read clock gating enabling signals.

### Claim 5 (depends on 2)

The data transmission apparatus of claim 2, wherein M is larger than ┌P┐.

### Claim 6 (depends on 1)

The data transmission apparatus of claim 1, wherein each of the read clock signals has a read frequency and the write clock signal has a write frequency, and a frequency ratio between the read frequency and the write frequency is 1 such that a data writing speed and a data reading speed of each of the data transmission circuits are the same.

### Claim 7 (depends on 1)

The data transmission apparatus of claim 1, wherein each of the read clock signals has a read frequency and the write clock signal has a write frequency, and a frequency ratio between the read frequency and the write frequency is F such that a data reading speed of each of the data transmission circuits is F times of a data writing speed of each of the data transmission circuits, and a unit data reading amount of each of the data transmission circuits is 1/F times of a unit data writing amount of each of the data transmission circuits.

### Claim 8 (depends on 1)

The data transmission apparatus of claim 1, wherein the data transmission apparatus is disposed in a memory access interface device which disposed between a memory controller and a memory device.

### Claim 9

A data transmission method having clock gating mechanism and used in a data transmission apparatus, comprising:
receiving a write clock signal to receive one of a plurality of data signals accordingly and receiving one of a plurality of read clock signals to output the corresponding one of the plurality of data signals accordingly by each of a plurality of data transmission circuits;
receiving a write clock gating enabling signal to enable and disable the transmission of the write clock signal to the data transmission circuits by a write clock gating circuit;
receiving one of a plurality of read clock gating enabling signals to enable and disable the transmission of one of the plurality of read clock signals to one of the data transmission circuits by each of a plurality of read clock gating circuits; and
receiving the write clock signal to receive the write clock gating enabling signal accordingly and receiving the plurality of read clock signals to output the read clock gating enabling signals accordingly by a gating signal transmission circuit, wherein a depth of the gating signal transmission circuit is larger than a depth of each of the data transmission circuits at least by a predetermined number determined by a largest timing difference among the plurality of read clock signals.

### Claim 10 (depends on 9)

The data transmission method of claim 9, wherein each of the data transmission circuits has a flip-flop depth of N and operated in a FIFO manner, and each of the gating signal transmission circuit has the flip-flop depth of N+M and operated in the FIFO manner;
the largest timing difference among the plurality of read clock signals is P clock cycles thereof and M is at least ┌P┐, N and M being a positive integer and P being a positive number.

### Claim 11 (depends on 10)

The data transmission method of claim 10, for each of the data transmission circuits, the data transmission method further comprises:
receiving the write clock signal by a write address generation circuit to select a plurality of flip-flops having a number of N one after another to receive the corresponding one of the plurality of data signals based on the timing of the write clock signal; and
receiving one of the plurality of read clock signals by a read address generation circuit to control a multiplexer coupled to all the flip-flops to select the flip-flops one after another to receive the corresponding one of the plurality of data signals therefrom and output the corresponding one of the plurality of data signals.

### Claim 12 (depends on 10)

The data transmission method of claim 10, further comprising:
receiving the write clock signal by a write address generation circuit of the gating signal transmission circuit to select a plurality of flip-flops of the gating signal transmission circuit having a number of N+M one after another to receive the write clock gating enabling signal based on the timing of the write clock signal; and
receiving one of the plurality of read clock signals by each of a plurality of read address generation circuits to control a corresponding one of a plurality of multiplexers each coupled to all the flip-flops to select the flip-flops one after another to receive the write clock gating enabling signal therefrom and output the write clock gating enabling signal as one of the read clock gating enabling signals.

### Claim 13 (depends on 10)

The data transmission method of claim 10, wherein M is larger than ┌P┐.

### Claim 14 (depends on 9)

The data transmission method of claim 9, wherein each of the read clock signals has a read frequency and the write clock signal has a write frequency, and a frequency ratio between the read frequency and the write frequency is 1 such that a data writing speed and a data reading speed of each of the data transmission circuits are the same.

### Claim 15 (depends on 9)

The data transmission method of claim 9, wherein each of the read clock signals has a read frequency and the write clock signal has a write frequency, and a frequency ratio between the read frequency and the write frequency is F such that a data reading speed of each of the data transmission circuits is F times of a data writing speed of each of the data transmission circuits, and a unit data reading amount of each of the data transmission circuits is 1/F times of a unit data writing amount of each of the data transmission circuits.

### Claim 16 (depends on 9)

The data transmission method of claim 9, wherein the data transmission apparatus is disposed in a memory access interface device which disposed between a memory controller and a memory device.