# US 12,007,587 B2 · Grating, grating driving method and 3D display device

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- Number: US 12,007,587 B2
- Document ID: US12007587B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 17/435,312
- Filed: 2020-11-18
- Published: 2022-07-28
- Granted: 2024-06-11
- Earliest claimed: 2020-11-18
- Assignees: Boe Technology Group Co., Ltd.
- Applicants: Boe Technology Group Co., Ltd.
- Inventors: Jinye Zhu; Sen Ma; Zhichong Wang; Tao Hong; Junxing Yang; Jing Yu; Tianyang Han
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US12007587B2

## CPC

- G02B 30/31: involving active parallax barriers (involving directional light or back-light sources G02B30/33)
- H04N 13/31: using parallax barriers
- G02B 26/0808: {by means of one or more diffracting elements}
- G02F 1/13306: {Circuit arrangements or driving methods for the control of single liquid crystal cells (G02F1/132, G02F1/133382 take precedence)}
- G02F 1/134309: {characterised by their geometrical arrangement}
- H04N 13/366: using viewer tracking
- H04N 13/373: for tracking forward-backward translational head movements, i.e. longitudinal movements
- H04N 13/376: for tracking left-right translational head movements, i.e. lateral movements
- H04N 13/398: Synchronisation thereof; Control thereof
- G02F 1/1333: Constructional arrangements; {Manufacturing methods}(G02F1/135, G02F1/136 take precedence)
- G02F 2201/30: grating
- H04N 2213/001: Constructional or mechanical details
- G02B: OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- H04N: PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- G02F: OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS

## Abstract

The present disclosure provides a grating including: a first substrate including stacked first and second electrode layers each including strip-shaped electrodes with an identical width, strip-shaped electrodes in the first and second electrode layers arranged alternately; a second substrate opposite to the first substrate with a liquid crystal layer therebetween; driving modules for driving the strip-shaped electrodes to form light shading parts and light transmission parts, one light shading part and one adjacent light transmission part defining a grating unit, at least one grating unit defining a grating part, the driving modules arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the grating parts; and a control module for generating driving signals in one-to-one correspondence with the driving modules according to a distance between the human eyes and the grating, thereby changing a width of the grating unit corresponding to a crosstalk position. A 3D display device and a grating driving method are provided.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A grating, comprising:
a first substrate; wherein the first substrate comprises a first electrode layer and a second electrode layer stacked on the first electrode layer, each of the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer comprises a plurality of strip-shaped electrodes with an identical width, and the strip-shaped electrodes in the first electrode layer and the strip-shaped electrodes in the second electrode layer are arranged alternately;
a second substrate oppositely arranged with respect to the first substrate;
a liquid crystal layer between the first substrate and the second substrate;
a plurality of driving modules configured to drive the plurality of the strip-shaped electrodes to enable liquid crystals to be deflected to form light shading parts and light transmission parts; wherein a grating unit is defined by one light shading part and one adjacent light transmission part, a grating part is defined by at least one grating unit, the plurality of driving modules are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the grating parts; and
a control module configured to generate a plurality of driving signals in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of the driving modules according to a distance between the human eyes and the grating, thereby changing a width of the grating unit corresponding to a crosstalk position, and enabling each light transmission part in the grating part corresponding to the crosstalk position to move close to or away from a center of the grating,
wherein the control module comprises:
a first control unit configured to obtain a corresponding relationship between a grating driving parameter and a distance between human eyes and a grating; wherein the grating driving parameter comprises a grating unit corresponding to the crosstalk position and a width of the grating unit corresponding to the crosstalk position;
a second control unit configured to determine a current distance between the human eyes and the grating;
a third control unit configured to, when the current distance between the human eyes and the grating is outside an optimal viewing distance, according to the corresponding relationship and the current distance between the human eyes and the grating, obtain a grating driving parameter corresponding to the current distance; and
a fourth control unit configured to, according to the grating driving parameter corresponding to the current distance, generate a corresponding driving signal for changing a width of the grating unit corresponding to the crosstalk position, and moving each light transmission part in the grating part corresponding to the crosstalk position close to or away from a center of the grating,
wherein the first control unit includes a first control sub-unit configured to obtain a first distance that the human eyes are able to move in a direction perpendicular to a display screen with respect to the optimal viewing distance according to the following formulas:
the optimal viewing distance
AP
=
h
*
PO
QB
-
PO
;
when moving to a point C close to the display screen in a direction perpendicular to the display screen, a distance between the human eyes and the grating is
CP
=
h
*
PR
QB
-
PO
;
when moving to a point C away from the display screen in a direction perpendicular to the display screen, a distance between the human eyes and the grating 10 is
EP
=
h
*
PS
QB
-
PO
;
PR=PO−RO;
PS=PO+OS, and
wherein “h” represents a distance between the grating and the display screen; a point P is an intersection point of an optimal viewing point A to a vertical line of the grating; a point O represents a position of a grating unit corresponding to a sub-pixel B at an edge of the display screen, which is viewed when the human eyes are at the point A; a point Q is an intersection point of the point A to the vertical line of the display screen; RO represents a width of at least one strip-shaped electrode; and OS represents a width of at least one strip-shaped electrode.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The grating according to claim 1, wherein when the grating part includes at least two grating units, the strip-shaped electrodes at the same position in different grating units of the same grating part share an identical driving signal line.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

The grating according to claim 1, wherein the first control unit further includes a second sub-control unit configured to, when RO or OS is a width of at least two strip-shaped electrodes, according to the first distance obtained by the first sub-control unit, obtain a grating driving parameter with the following formulas:
PK
=
PL
-
KL
;
⁢
QD
=
QB
+
BD
;
⁢
PT
=
PL
+
LT
;
⁢
QF
=
QB
+
FB
;
⁢
PL
=
m
*
w
;
⁢
AP
AP
+
h
=
PL
QG
=
PO
QB
;
⁢
CP
CP
+
h
=
PK
QG
=
PR
QD
;
⁢
EP
EP
+
h
=
PT
QG
=
PS
QF
;
wherein “m” represents a position of an m-th grating unit in a direction from an edge of the grating to a center of the grating; “w” represents a width of the grating unit; a point L represents a position of a grating unit corresponding to a sub-pixel G on the display screen, which is viewed when the human eyes are at the point A; KL represents a width of at least one strip-shaped electrode; and LT represents a width of at least one strip-shaped electrode.

### Claim 4 (depends on 1)

The grating according to claim 1, wherein the number n of the corresponding stripe-shaped electrodes in each grating unit is obtained by the following formulas:
a width W of the grating unit is obtained by the following formula:
W
=
H
*
N
*
P
h
*
M
;
h=p*H/L;
n=W/a;
wherein “a” represents a width of each strip-shaped electrode; “H” represents an optimal viewing distance between the human eyes and the grating; “h” represents a distance between the grating and the display screen; “N” represents the number of sub-pixels of the display screen; “P” represents a width of the sub-pixel; “M” represents the number of grating units; and “L” represents a pupillary distance.

### Claim 5 (depends on 1)

The grating according to claim 1, wherein the width of each of the strip electrodes is in a range from 0.9 to 3 um.

### Claim 6 (depends on 1)

The grating according to claim 1, wherein the control module further includes:
a fifth control unit configured to determine an offset direction and an offset distance of the human eyes with respect to the optimal viewing position in a direction parallel to a line of centers of the human eyes; and
a sixth control unit configured to, according to the offset direction and the offset distance of the human eyes, determine an offset direction and an offset distance of the light transmission part of the grating with respect to the position of the light transmission part when the human eyes are at the optimal viewing position.

### Claim 7 (depends on 1)

A grating driving method applied to the grating according to claim 1, comprising:
obtaining a corresponding relationship between a grating driving parameter and a distance between human eyes and a grating; wherein the grating driving parameter includes a grating unit corresponding to a crosstalk position and a width of the grating unit corresponding to the crosstalk position;
determining a current distance between the human eyes and the grating;
when the current distance between the human eyes and the grating is outside an optimal viewing distance, according to the corresponding relationship and the current distance between the human eyes and the grating, obtaining a grating driving parameter corresponding to the current distance; and
according to the grating driving parameter corresponding to the current distance, generating a corresponding driving signal for changing a width of the grating unit corresponding to the crosstalk position, and moving each light transmission part in the grating part corresponding to the crosstalk position close to or away from a center of the grating.

### Claim 8 (depends on 7)

The grating driving method according to claim 7, wherein the obtaining a corresponding relationship between a grating driving parameter and a distance between human eyes and a grating, further includes:
when RO or OS is a width of at least two strip-shaped electrodes, according to the first distance obtained by the first sub-control unit, obtaining a grating driving parameter with the following formulas:
PK
=
PL
-
KL
;
⁢
QD
=
QB
+
BD
;
⁢
PT
=
PL
+
LT
;
⁢
QF
=
QB
+
FB
;
⁢
PL
=
m
*
w
;
⁢
AP
AP
+
h
=
PL
QG
=
PO
QB
;
⁢
CP
CP
+
h
=
PK
QG
=
PR
QD
;
⁢
EP
EP
+
H
=
PT
QG
=
PS
QF
;
wherein “m” represents a position of an m-th grating unit in a direction from an edge of the grating to a center of the grating; “w” represents a width of the grating unit; a point L represents a position of a grating unit corresponding to a sub-pixel G on the display screen, which is viewed when the human eyes are at the point A; KL represents a width of at least one strip-shaped electrode; and LT represents a width of at least one strip-shaped electrode.

### Claim 9 (depends on 7)

The grating driving method according to claim 7, further comprising:
determining an offset direction and an offset distance of the human eyes with respect to the optimal viewing position in a direction parallel to a line of centers of the human eyes; and
according to the offset direction and the offset distance of the human eyes, determining an offset direction and an offset distance of the light transmission part of the grating with respect to the position of the light transmission part when the human eyes are at the optimal viewing position.

### Claim 10

A 3D display device, comprising: a display screen and a grating disposed at a light-exiting side of the display screen;
wherein the grating comprises:
a first substrate; wherein the first substrate comprises a first electrode layer and a second electrode layer stacked on the first electrode layer, each of the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer comprises a plurality of strip-shaped electrodes with an identical width, and the strip-shaped electrodes in the first electrode layer and the strip-shaped electrodes in the second electrode layer are arranged alternately;
a second substrate oppositely arranged with respect to the first substrate;
a liquid crystal layer between the first substrate and the second substrate;
a plurality of driving modules configured to drive the plurality of the strip-shaped electrodes to enable liquid crystals to be deflected to form light shading parts and light transmission parts; wherein a grating unit is defined by one light shading part and one adjacent light transmission part, a grating part is defined by at least one grating unit, the plurality of driving modules are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the grating parts; and
a control module configured to generate a plurality of driving signals in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of the driving modules according to a distance between the human eyes and the grating, thereby changing a width of the grating unit corresponding to a crosstalk position, and enabling each light transmission part in the grating part corresponding to the crosstalk position to move close to or away from a center of the grating,
wherein the control module comprises:
a first control unit configured to obtain a corresponding relationship between a grating driving parameter and a distance between human eyes and a grating; wherein the grating driving parameter comprises a grating unit corresponding to the crosstalk position and a width of the grating unit corresponding to the crosstalk position;
a second control unit configured to determine a current distance between the human eyes and the grating;
a third control unit configured to, when the current distance between the human eyes and the grating is outside an optimal viewing distance, according to the corresponding relationship and the current distance between the human eyes and the grating, obtain a grating driving parameter corresponding to the current distance; and
a fourth control unit configured to, according to the grating driving parameter corresponding to the current distance, generate a corresponding driving signal for changing a width of the grating unit corresponding to the crosstalk position, and moving each light transmission part in the grating part corresponding to the crosstalk position close to or away from a center of the grating,
wherein the first control unit includes a first control sub-unit configured to obtain a first distance that the human eyes are able to move in a direction perpendicular to a display screen with respect to the optimal viewing distance according to the following formulas:
the optimal viewing distance
AP
=
h
*
PO
QB
-
PO
;
when moving to a point C close to the display screen in a direction perpendicular to the display screen, a distance between the human eyes and the grating is
CP
=
h
*
PR
QB
-
PO
;
when moving to a point C away from the display screen in a direction perpendicular to the display screen, a distance between the human eyes and the grating 10 is
EP
=
h
*
PS
QB
-
PO
;
PR=PO−RO;
PS=PO+OS, and
wherein “h” represents a distance between the grating and the display screen; a point P is an intersection point of an optimal viewing point A to a vertical line of the grating; a point O represents a position of a grating unit corresponding to a sub-pixel B at an edge of the display screen, which is viewed when the human eyes are at the point A; a point Q is an intersection point of the point A to the vertical line of the display screen; RO represents a width of at least one strip-shaped electrode; and OS represents a width of at least one strip-shaped electrode.

### Claim 11 (depends on 10)

The 3D display device according to claim 10, wherein when the grating part includes at least two grating units, the strip-shaped electrodes at the same position in different grating units of the same grating part share an identical driving signal line.

### Claim 12 (depends on 10)

The 3D display device according to claim 10, wherein the first control unit further includes a second sub-control unit configured to, when RO or OS is a width of at least two strip-shaped electrodes, according to the first distance obtained by the first sub-control unit, obtain a grating driving parameter with the following formulas:
PK
=
PL
-
KL
;
⁢
QD
=
QB
+
BD
;
⁢
PT
=
PL
+
LT
;
⁢
QF
=
QB
+
FB
;
⁢
PL
=
m
*
w
;
⁢
AP
AP
+
h
=
PL
QG
=
PO
QB
;
⁢
CP
CP
+
h
=
PK
QG
=
PR
QD
;
⁢
EP
EP
+
H
=
PT
QG
=
PS
QF
;
wherein “m” represents a position of an m-th grating unit in a direction from an edge of the grating to a center of the grating; “w” represents a width of the grating unit; a point L represents a position of a grating unit corresponding to a sub-pixel G on the display screen, which is viewed when the human eyes are at the point A; KL represents a width of at least one strip-shaped electrode; and LT represents a width of at least one strip-shaped electrode.

### Claim 13 (depends on 10)

The 3D display device according to claim 10, wherein the number n of the corresponding stripe-shaped electrodes in each grating unit is obtained by the following formulas:
a width W of the grating unit is obtained by the following formula:
W
=
H
*
N
*
P
h
*
M
;
h=p*H/L;
n=W/a;
wherein “a” represents a width of each strip-shaped electrode; “H” represents an optimal viewing distance between the human eyes and the grating; “h” represents a distance between the grating and the display screen; “N” represents the number of sub-pixels of the display screen; “P” represents a width of the sub-pixel; “M” represents the number of grating units; and “L” represents a pupillary distance.

### Claim 14 (depends on 10)

The 3D display device according to claim 10, wherein the width of each of the strip electrodes is in a range from 0.9 to 3 um.

### Claim 15 (depends on 10)

The 3D display device according to claim 10, wherein the control module further includes:
a fifth control unit configured to determine an offset direction and an offset distance of the human eyes with respect to the optimal viewing position in a direction parallel to a line of centers of the human eyes; and
a sixth control unit configured to, according to the offset direction and the offset distance of the human eyes, determine an offset direction and an offset distance of the light transmission part of the grating with respect to the position of the light transmission part when the human eyes are at the optimal viewing position.