# US 12,007,502 B2 · RF scene generation simulation with external maritime surface

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- Number: US 12,007,502 B2
- Document ID: US12007502B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 16/999,664
- Filed: 2020-08-21
- Published: 2022-02-24
- Granted: 2024-06-11
- Earliest claimed: 2020-08-21
- Assignees: Raytheon Company
- Applicants: Raytheon Company
- Inventors: Jaylan S. Jones; Donald M. Jones
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US12007502B2

## CPC

- G01S 7/4052: {by simulation of echoes}
- G01S 13/30: using more than one pulse per radar period
- G01S 13/89: for mapping or imaging
- G01S 13/95: for meteorological use
- G09B 9/54: Simulation of radar (G09B9/40 takes precedence)
- H04B 17/3912: {Simulation models, e.g. distribution of spectral power density or received signal strength indicator [RSSI] for a given geographic region}
- G01S 13/282: {using a frequency modulated carrier wave (G01S13/286 takes precedence)}
- G01S 13/582: {adapted for simultaneous range and velocity measurements}
- G01S 13/953: {mounted on aircraft}
- G01S 13/956: {mounted on ship or other platform}
- G06F 2111/18: using virtual or augmented reality
- Y02A 90/10: Information and communication technologies [ICT] supporting adaptation to climate change, e.g. for weather forecasting or climate simulation
- G01S: RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G09B: EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS (devices for psychotechnics or for testing reaction times A61B5/16; games, sports, amusements A63; projectors, projector screens G03B)
- H04B: TRANSMISSION
- G06F: ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING (computer systems based on specific computational models G06N)
- Y02A: TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE

## Abstract

Embodiments of a system for simulating a radio frequency (RF) scene associated with a moving maritime surface are generally described herein. An RF scene is generated using an RF scene generation model and a moving maritime surface is generated using a maritime surface model. The RF scene is integrated with the moving maritime surface model. The RF scene generation model is configured to apply a radar model to generate and update the RF scene based on simulated radar returns at a radar pulse repetition frequency (PRF) and the maritime surface model is configured to update the moving maritime surface at a maritime surface update rate, access previous and current maritime surfaces, and interpolate surface facet properties to pulse times of the radar model. The maritime surface model is configured to update the moving maritime surface once every subdwell.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium that stores instructions for execution by processing circuitry, the instructions to configure the processing circuitry to simulate a radio frequency (RF) scene associated with a moving maritime surface,
wherein instructions configure the processing circuitry to:
generate an RF scene using an RF scene generation model;
generate the moving maritime surface using a maritime surface model; and
integrate the RF scene and the moving maritime surface,
wherein the RF scene generation model is configured to apply a radar model to generate and update the RF scene based on simulated radar returns at a radar pulse repetition frequency (PRF), and
wherein the maritime surface model is configured to update the moving maritime surface at a maritime surface update rate, access previous and current maritime surfaces, and interpolate surface facet properties to pulse times of the radar model,
wherein the maritime surface model is configured to update the moving maritime surface once every subdwell of a plurality of subdwells comprising a radar dwell time, each subdwell comprising a plurality of simulated radar pulses, and
wherein the RF scene generation model and the maritime surface model are driven separately as individual software objects to allow the maritime surface model to update the moving maritime surface per subdwell rather than at the radar pulse repetition frequency, the maritime surface update rate being less than the radar pulse repetition frequency.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 1 wherein for a radar dwell that takes place over two or more maritime surface updates, the simulated radar returns are treated as separate subdwells by the RF scene generation model to allow phase histories of the simulated radar returns to be concatenated based on pulse index when the radar dwell is complete.

### Claim 3 (depends on 2)

The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 2, wherein the instructions are configured for integration in a system performance suite comprising a six degrees-of-freedom (6DOF) system simulation.

### Claim 4 (depends on 3)

The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 3, wherein prior to interpolation of the surface facet properties, the maritime surface model is configured to update the moving maritime surface a predetermined number of times.

### Claim 5 (depends on 4)

The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 4 wherein to interpolate the surface facet properties for an update of the moving maritime surface, the processing circuitry configures the maritime surface model to:
perform a logarithmic interpolation of whitewater/whitecap properties of surface facets;
perform a quadratic interpolation of height and/or position properties of the surface facets; and
perform a linear interpolation of velocity properties of the surface facets,
wherein each surface facet is associated with a patch of the moving maritime surface, and
wherein the RF scene generation model is configured to interpolate the surface facet properties per radar pulse.

### Claim 6 (depends on 5)

The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 5, wherein when any of the radar pulses of the radar dwell remain un-simulated by the RF scene generation model, the processing circuitry is configured to configure the RF scene generation model to interpolate the surface facet properties per pulse for each of the remaining unstimulated pulses, and
refrain from concatenation of the phase histories of the simulated radar returns until all radar pulses of the radar dwell are simulated.

### Claim 7 (depends on 6)

The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 6 wherein the processing circuitry is configured to generate a phase history for each subdwell, concatenate the phase histories of the subdwells to generate a dwell phase history for the radar dwell, and pass the dwell phase history on to a RF seeker simulator for additional signal processing.

### Claim 8 (depends on 7)

The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 7 wherein the additional signal processing comprises one or more of performance of motion compensation, range compression, and Doppler compression.

### Claim 9 (depends on 8)

The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 8, wherein the processing circuitry is configured to store the phase history for each subdwell in memory.

### Claim 10

A system for simulating a radio frequency (RF) scene associated with a moving maritime surface, the system comprising: processing circuitry; and memory, wherein the processing circuitry is configured to:
generate an RF scene using an RF scene generation model;
generate the moving maritime surface using a maritime surface model; and
integrate the RF scene and the moving maritime surface,
wherein the RF scene generation model is configured to apply a radar model to generate and update the RF scene based on simulated radar returns at a radar pulse repetition frequency (PRF), and
wherein the maritime surface model is configured to update the moving maritime surface at a maritime surface update rate, access previous and current maritime surfaces, and interpolate surface facet properties to pulse times of the radar model,
wherein the maritime surface model is configured to update the moving maritime surface once every subdwell of a plurality of subdwells comprising a radar dwell time, each subdwell comprising a plurality of simulated radar pulses, and
wherein the RF scene generation model and the maritime surface model are driven separately as individual software objects to allow the maritime surface model to update the moving maritime surface per subdwell rather than at the radar pulse repetition frequency, the maritime surface update rate being less than the radar pulse repetition frequency.

### Claim 11 (depends on 10)

The system of claim 10 wherein for a radar dwell that takes place over two or more maritime surface updates, the simulated radar returns are treated as separate subdwells by the RF scene generation model to allow phase histories of the simulated radar returns to be concatenated based on pulse index when the radar dwell is complete.

### Claim 12 (depends on 11)

The system of claim 11, wherein instructions executed by the processing circuitry for simulating the RF scene associated with the moving maritime surface are configured for integration in a system performance suite comprising a six degrees-of-freedom (6DOF) system simulation.

### Claim 13 (depends on 12)

The system of claim 12, wherein prior to interpolation of the surface facet properties, the maritime surface model is configured to update the moving maritime surface a predetermined number of times.

### Claim 14 (depends on 13)

The system of claim 13 wherein to interpolate the surface facet properties for an update of the moving maritime surface, the processing circuitry configures the maritime surface model to:
perform a logarithmic interpolation of whitewater/whitecap properties of surface facets;
perform a quadratic interpolation of height and/or position properties of the surface facets; and
perform a linear interpolation of velocity properties of the surface facets,
wherein each surface facet is associated with a patch of the moving maritime surface, and
wherein the RF scene generation model is configured to interpolate the surface facet properties per radar pulse.

### Claim 15 (depends on 14)

The system of claim 14, wherein when any of the radar pulses of the radar dwell remain un-simulated by the RF scene generation model, the processing circuitry is configured to configure the RF scene generation model to interpolate the surface facet properties per pulse for each of the remaining un-simulated pulses, and
refrain from concatenation of the phase histories of the simulated radar returns until all radar pulses of the radar dwell are simulated.

### Claim 16 (depends on 15)

The system of claim 15 wherein the processing circuitry is configured to generate a phase history for each subdwell, concatenate the phase histories of the subdwells to generate a dwell phase history for the radar dwell, and pass the dwell phase history on to a RF seeker simulator for additional signal processing.

### Claim 17 (depends on 16)

The system of claim 16 wherein the additional signal processing comprises one or more of performance of motion compensation, range compression, and Doppler compression.

### Claim 18 (depends on 17)

The system of claim 17, wherein the processing circuitry is configured to store the phase history for each subdwell in the memory.