# US 12,007,483 B2 · Three-dimensional coordinate measuring device

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- Number: US 12,007,483 B2
- Document ID: US12007483B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 17/081,431
- Filed: 2020-10-27
- Published: 2021-03-18
- Granted: 2024-06-11
- Earliest claimed: 2016-09-30
- Assignees: Faro Technologies, Inc.
- Applicants: FARO Technologies, Inc.
- Inventors: Jacob J. Mertz; Jun Li; Michael Ferrara; Robert E. Bridges
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US12007483B2

## CPC

- G01S 17/42: Simultaneous measurement of distance and other co-ordinates (indirect measurement G01S17/46)
- G01B 11/002: {for measuring two or more coordinates}
- G01C 15/002: {Active optical surveying means (optical plumbing G01C15/105)}
- G01S 7/4814: {of transmitters alone}
- G01S 7/4818: {using optical fibres}
- G01S 7/497: Means for monitoring or calibrating
- G01S 17/36: with phase comparison between the received signal and the contemporaneously transmitted signal
- G01S 17/66: Tracking systems using electromagnetic waves other than radio waves
- G02B 6/32: having lens focusing means {positioned between opposed fibre ends (with lens being an integral part of the single fibre end G02B6/262)}
- G02F 1/0955: {used as non-reciprocal devices, e.g. optical isolators, circulators}
- G02F 2203/21: Thermal instability, i.e. DC drift, of an optical modulator; Arrangements or methods for the reduction thereof
- H01S 5/02415: {by using a thermo-electric cooler [TEC], e.g. Peltier element}
- H01S 5/0427: {for applying modulation to the laser}
- H01S 5/062: by varying the potential of the electrodes (H01S5/065 takes precedence)
- H01S 5/068: Stabilisation of laser output parameters (H01S5/0625 takes precedence)
- G01S: RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01B: MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01C: MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY (measuring liquid level G01F; radio navigation, determining distance or velocity by use of propagation effects, e.g. Doppler effects, propagation time, of radio waves, analogous arrangements using other waves G01S)
- G02B: OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02F: OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- H01S: DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL

## Abstract

A coordinate measuring device is provided having a light source that emits a beam of light. A distance meter measures a distance to a target. A first locator camera assembly includes a first camera and first lights. A second locator camera assembly includes a second camera and second lights. The processor matches retroreflectors in a first image of the first camera and a second image of the second camera based on a shape-and-context matching of retroreflector spots in the first and second image and on an area-context-matching of background objects in the first and second image. The retroreflector spots in the first image produced by illumination of the retroreflectors by the first lights, the retroreflector spots in the second image produced by illumination of the retroreflectors by the second lights. The processor provides a third image that includes both the background objects and markers indicating the matched retroreflectors.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A coordinate measuring device comprising:
a housing;
a light source operable to emit a first beam of light;
a first motor and a second motor operable to direct the first beam of light to a first direction, the first direction determined by a first angle of rotation about a first axis and a second angle of rotation about a second axis, the first angle of rotation produced by the first motor and the second angle of rotation produced by the second motor;
a first angle measuring device operable to measure the first angle of rotation and a second angle measuring device operable to measure the second angle of rotation;
a distance meter operable to measure a first distance to a target illuminated by the first beam of light;
a first locator camera assembly affixed to the housing, the first locator camera assembly including a first camera and one or more first flashing lights having a first infrared wavelength greater than 700 nanometers, the first camera including a first lens and a first photosensitive array, the first camera being corrected for both visible and first infrared wavelengths;
a second locator camera assembly affixed to the housing, the second locator camera assembly including a second camera and one or more second flashing lights having a second infrared wavelength greater than 700 nanometers, the second camera including a second filter, a second lens and a second photosensitive array, the second filter being operable to pass the second infrared wavelength and to block visible wavelengths, the second camera being corrected for the second infrared wavelength; and
a processor operable to determine three-dimensional (3D) coordinates of the target based at least in part on the measured first angle of rotation, the measured second angle of rotation, and the measured first distance, the processor further operable to capture background objects in a first image of the first camera and to capture illuminated retroreflectors in a second image of the second camera, the captured illuminated retroreflectors being within a field-of-view of second camera, the processor further operable to provide a third image of both the background objects and the illuminated retroreflectors.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The coordinate measuring device of claim 1 wherein the first exposure time of the first camera is selected based on a quality of the first image at the first infrared wavelength and the second exposure time of the second camera is selected based on a quality of the second image at the visible wavelengths.

### Claim 3

A coordinate measuring device comprising:
a housing;
a light source operable to emit a first beam of light;
a first motor and a second motor operable to direct the first beam of light to a first direction, the first direction determined by a first angle of rotation about a first axis and a second angle of rotation about a second axis, the first angle of rotation produced by the first motor and the second angle of rotation produced by the second motor;
a first angle measuring device operable to measure the first angle of rotation and a second angle measuring device operable to measure the second angle of rotation;
a distance meter operable to measure a first distance to a target illuminated by the first beam of light;
a first locator camera assembly affixed to the housing, the first locator camera assembly including a first camera and one or more first flashing lights, the first flashing lights operable at a first infrared wavelength longer than 700 nanometers, the first camera having a first lens and a first photosensitive array, a first separation distance between the first camera and the first photosensitive array being selected to permit a first image to be obtained in focus for the first infrared wavelength;
a second locator camera assembly affixed to the housing, the second locator camera assembly including a second camera and one or more second flashing lights, the second flashing lights operable at a second infrared wavelength longer than 700 nanometers, the second camera having a second lens and a second photosensitive array a second separation distance between the second camera and the second photosensitive array being selected to permit a second image to be obtained in focus for the visible wavelengths; and
a processor operable to determine three-dimensional (3D) coordinates of the target based at least in part on the measured first angle of rotation, the measured second angle of rotation, and the measured first distance, the processor further operable to provide a third image of both the background objects and the illuminated retroreflectors.

### Claim 4

A coordinate measuring device comprising:
a housing;
a light source operable to emit a first beam of light;
a first motor and a second motor operable to direct the first beam of light to a first direction, the first direction determined by a first angle of rotation about a first axis and a second angle of rotation about a second axis, the first angle of rotation produced by the first motor and the second angle of rotation produced by the second motor;
a first angle measuring device operable to measure the first angle of rotation and a second angle measuring device operable to measure the second angle of rotation;
a distance meter operable to measure a first distance to a target illuminated by the first beam of light;
a first locator camera assembly affixed to the housing, the first locator camera assembly including a first camera and one or more first flashing lights, the first flashing lights operable at a first infrared wavelength longer than 700 nanometers, the first camera having a first lens and a first photosensitive array, the first locator camera having a first field of view;
a second locator camera assembly affixed to the housing, the second locator camera assembly including a second camera and one or more second flashing lights, the second flashing lights operable at a second infrared wavelength longer than 700 nanometers, the second camera having a second lens and a second photosensitive array, the second locator camera having a second field of view smaller than the first field of view by at least a factor of two; and
a processor operable to determine three-dimensional (3D) coordinates of the target based at least in part on the measured first angle of rotation, the measured second angle of rotation, and the measured first distance, the processor further operable to match retroreflectors in a first image of the first locator camera and a second image of the second locator camera, the processor further operable to provide a third image that includes both the background objects and the matched retroreflectors.

### Claim 5

A coordinate measuring device comprising:
a housing;
a light source operable to emit a first beam of light;
a first motor and a second motor operable to direct the first beam of light to a first direction, the first direction determined by a first angle of rotation about a first axis and a second angle of rotation about a second axis, the first angle of rotation produced by the first motor and the second angle of rotation produced by the second motor;
a first angle measuring device operable to measure the first angle of rotation and a second angle measuring device operable to measure the second angle of rotation;
a distance meter operable to measure a first distance to a target illuminated by the first beam of light;
a first locator camera assembly affixed to the housing, the first locator camera assembly including a first camera and one or more first flashing lights, the first flashing lights operable at a first infrared wavelength longer than 700 nanometers, the first camera having a first cover window, a first lens and a first photosensitive array, the first cover window being tilted to a first angle, the first angle being large enough to prevent first ghost beams from reflections of the first cover window from reaching the first photosensitive array;
a second locator camera assembly affixed to the housing, the second locator camera assembly including a second camera and one or more second flashing lights, the second flashing lights operable at a second infrared wavelength longer than 700 nanometers, the second camera having a second cover window, a second lens and a second photosensitive array, the second cover window being tilted to a second angle, the second angle being large enough to prevent second ghost beams from reflections of the second cover window from reaching the second photosensitive array; and
a processor operable to determine three-dimensional (3D) coordinates of the target based at least in part on the measured first angle of rotation, the measured second angle of rotation, and the measured first distance, the processor further operable to match retroreflectors in a first image of the first locator camera and a second image of the second locator camera, the processor further operable to provide a third image that includes both the background objects and the matched retroreflectors.

### Claim 6 (depends on 5)

The coordinate measuring device of claim 5 wherein the first angle is at least 10 degrees.

### Claim 7 (depends on 5)

The coordinate measuring device of claim 5 wherein the first cover window is a first optical filter configured to pass at least one of the first infrared wavelength and visible wavelengths.