# US 12,007,448 B2 · Method for determining a probe signal, characterisation method using such a signal and device thereof

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- Number: US 12,007,448 B2
- Document ID: US12007448B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 17/783,525
- Filed: 2020-12-11
- Published: 2023-01-19
- Granted: 2024-06-11
- Earliest claimed: 2019-12-16
- Assignees: Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Et Aux Energies Alternatives
- Applicants: Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Et Aux Energies Alternatives
- Inventors: Nicolas Guillet; Sylvain Lespinats
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US12007448B2

## CPC

- G01R 31/382: Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC
- G01R 31/392: Determining battery ageing or deterioration, e.g. state of health
- Y02E 60/10: Energy storage using batteries
- G01R: MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES (indicating correct tuning of resonant circuits H03J3/12)
- Y02E: REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION

## Abstract

A method determines a probe signal for acoustically characterising an electrochemical system, the probe signal being determined by an identification signal transmitted in a reference electrochemical system to induce a response from the reference electrochemical system.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A method for determining a probe signal for acoustically characterising an electrochemical system, the probe signal being determined by an identification signal transmitted in a reference electrochemical system so as to induce a response from the reference electrochemical system, the method comprising, for a plurality of operating points {PFi} of the reference electrochemical system, each operating point PFi being defined by at least one operating parameter wpji of the reference electrochemical system:
a step of transmitting the identification signal, the identification signal being composed of a plurality of frequencies over a predetermined bandwidth and being chosen so as to establish a steady state within the reference electrochemical system and induce a linear response within the reference electrochemical system;
a step of measuring the response of the reference electrochemical system to the identification signal;
in such a way as to obtain a plurality of responses of the reference electrochemical system, each response being associated with a given operating point PFi; the method further comprising:
a step of determining correlations between the operating parameter or parameters wpji defining the considered operating point PFi and at least one feature of the response of the reference electrochemical system; and
a step of determining a probe signal from the feature or features wpi having a correlation with the operating parameter or parameters wpi above a predetermined threshold value.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The method according to claim 1, wherein the response of the electrochemical system is associated with at least one time feature cti and/or with at least one frequency feature cfi.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

The method according to claim 1, wherein a variation in the feature or features of the response of the electrochemical system between two extreme values of the operating parameter wpi or of at least one operating parameter wpi among the operating parameters wpi is also taken into account during the step of determining a probe signal.

### Claim 4 (depends on 1)

A method for acoustically characterising an electrochemical system by a probe signal obtained using a method according to claim 1, the method comprising a learning phase making it possible to establish correlations between at least one operating parameter wpi of the electrochemical system and at least two features of the response of the electrochemical system to the probe signal chosen from at least one time feature cti and/or at least one frequency feature cfi; and a characterisation phase of the state of the electrochemical system comprising:
a step of transmitting the probe signal in the electrochemical system in such a way as to induce a response in the electrochemical system;
a step of recording the response of the electrochemical system to the probe signal, the recording concerning the chosen features of the response; and
a step of determining the operating parameter or parameters wpi from features of the response recorded during the step of recording the response and from correlations determined during the learning phase.

### Claim 5 (depends on 4)

The method according to claim 4, wherein the correlations established during the learning phase concern at least one first operating parameter wpi and a second operating parameter, referred to as test parameter wptest, said parameters having been taken into account during the determining of the probe signal, and wherein the characterisation phase comprises:
a step of measuring the test parameter wptest, said step of measuring being concurrent with the step of transmitting the probe signal of the characterisation phase;
after the step of determining the operating parameter or parameters wpi, a step of evaluating the precision of the determining according to the measured value of the test parameter wptest and the value determined using correlations of this same parameter.

### Claim 6 (depends on 5)

The method according to claim 5, wherein, during the characterisation phase, when the precision evaluated during the step of evaluating the precision is below a predetermined threshold, the value of the parameter or parameters determined using correlations is invalidated.

### Claim 7 (depends on 6)

The method according to claim 6, wherein, during the characterisation phase, when the value of the operating parameters wp1 is invalidated, the value of these operating parameters wp1 is then determined according to the last known value of said parameters.

### Claim 8 (depends on 6)

The method according to claim 6, wherein the steps of the characterisation phase are repeated at regular intervals and wherein, when during a number of successive iterations greater than or equal to a predetermined threshold, the value of the operating parameter or parameters wp1 determined using correlations is invalidated, the characterisation phase comprises a step of detecting an operating fault of the electrochemical system.

### Claim 9 (depends on 4)

The method according to claim 4, wherein the learning phase comprises, for at least one standard electrochemical system and for each operating point PFi of a plurality of operating points {PFi}:
a step of transmitting the probe signal in such a way as to induce a response in the electrochemical system;
a step of measuring the operating parameter or parameters wpi of the standard electrochemical system relative to the operating point CFi, said step of measuring being concurrent with the step of transmitting the probe signal;
a step of recording the response of the electrochemical system to the probe signal, the recording concerning at least two features of the response chosen from at least one time feature cti and/or at least one frequency feature cfi;
in such a way as to obtain a plurality of recordings of the response; the learning phase further comprising a step of determining correlations between the operating parameter or parameters wpi measured and the chosen features of the response.

### Claim 10 (depends on 9)

The method according to claim 9, wherein, during the step of determining correlations, each operating parameter wpi is weighted.

### Claim 11 (depends on 9)

The method according to claim 9, wherein a plurality of operating parameters {wpi} is measured during the step of measuring the operating parameter or parameters wpi and wherein, during the step of determining correlations, the determining of correlations for a given operating parameter wpi takes into account the other operating parameters wpj.

### Claim 12 (depends on 1)

A method for managing an electrochemical system implementing a method according to claim 1.

### Claim 13 (depends on 1)

A device comprising means configured to implement a method according to claim 1.

### Claim 14 (depends on 1)

A computer program comprising instructions that, when the program is executed by a computer, lead the latter to implement the method according to claim 1.

### Claim 15 (depends on 1)

A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium on which is recorded the computer program comprising machine executable instruction for carrying out a method according to claim 1.