# US 12,005,806 B2 · Dynamic control of configurations of electrical circuits > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 12,005,806 B2 - Document ID: US12005806B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 17/402,109 - Filed: 2021-08-13 - Published: 2022-02-03 - Granted: 2024-06-11 - Earliest claimed: 2017-02-08 - Assignees: Premergy, Inc. - Applicants: Premergy, Inc. - Inventors: Richard Edward Botts; Lanier M. Davenport; Andrew L. Thomas - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US12005806B2 ## CPC - B60L 58/12: responding to state of charge [SoC] - B60L 7/12: for vehicles propelled by DC motors - B60L 7/18: Controlling the braking effect (B60L7/12, B60L7/14, B60L7/16 take precedence) - B60L 58/19: Switching between serial connection and parallel connection of battery modules - B60T 8/17: Using electrical or electronic regulation means to control braking {(detecting or indicating faulty operation B60T8/885)} - H01M 10/425: {Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing (printed circuits H05K1/00)} - H01M 10/441: {for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially} - H01M 10/482: {for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially} - H02J 7/1423: {with multiple batteries} - H02J 7/35: with light sensitive cells - H02J 7/50: acting upon multiple batteries simultaneously or sequentially - H02J 7/575: {Parallel/serial switching of connection of batteries to charge or load circuit} - H02J 7/82: Control of state of charge [SOC] - H02P 3/14: by regenerative braking - B60L 53/51: Photovoltaic means - B60L 2240/545: Temperature - B60L 2240/547: Voltage - B60T 2201/04: Hill descent control - B60T 2250/00: Monitoring, detecting, estimating vehicle conditions - B60T 2250/04: Vehicle reference speed; Vehicle body speed - B60T 2270/60: Regenerative braking - H01M 2010/4271: {Battery management systems including electronic circuits, e.g. control of current or voltage to keep battery in healthy state, cell balancing} - H01M 2220/20: Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane - H02J 2105/37: exchanging power with electric vehicles [EV] or with hybrid electric vehicles [HEV] - H02P 2101/45: for motor vehicles, e.g. car alternators - Y02E 60/10: Energy storage using batteries - Y02T 10/70: Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries - Y02T 90/12: Electric charging stations - B60L: PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES (arrangements or mounting of electrical propulsion units or of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion in vehicles B60K1/00, B60K6/20; arrangements or mounting of electrical gearing in vehicles B60K17/12, B60K17/14; preventing wheel slip by reducing power in rail vehicles B61C15/08; dynamo-electric machines H02K; control or regulation of electric motors H02P); SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES (electric coupling devices combined with mechanical couplings of vehicles B60D1/64; electric heating for vehicles B60H1/00); ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL (control or regulation of electric motors H02P); MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES - B60T: VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL (electrodynamic brake systems for vehicle, in general B60L; brakes per se, i.e. devices where braking effect occurs, including ultimate brake actuators, F16D); ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES - H01M: PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY - H02J: ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY - H02P: CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS - Y02E: REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION - Y02T: CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION ## Abstract Systems and methods for dynamic control of a configuration of electrical circuits are provided. An example system includes a plurality of electric power sources and a plurality of switches configured to connect and disconnect some of the electric power sources. The system may include a controller coupled to the switches. The controller may be configured to enable and disable the switches to cause a change in a configuration of the connections between the electric power sources. The electric power sources can include at least one generator and at least two batteries. The controller can be further configured to cause a change in the configuration to connect the two batteries in series to a load for discharging and connect the two batteries in parallel to the generator for recharging. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A system comprising: a plurality of rechargeable batteries comprising a first rechargeable battery and a second rechargeable battery; a plurality of switches, the plurality of switches being configured to modify a connection between at least some of the plurality of rechargeable batteries between a series connection and a parallel connection; a load; and a controller coupled to the plurality of switches, the controller being configured to enable and disable the plurality of switches to cause a change in a configuration of connections between the plurality of rechargeable batteries; wherein the plurality of rechargeable batteries are recharged at a lowest voltage capacity associated with the plurality of rechargeable batteries. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The system of claim 1, wherein the plurality of switches is further configured to: connect and disconnect at least some of the plurality of rechargeable batteries from each other. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The system of claim 1, wherein the load is coupled to an anode of the first rechargeable battery and a cathode of the second rechargeable battery. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The system of claim 1, wherein the plurality of switches comprises a metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor. ### Claim 5 (depends on 4) The system of claim 4, wherein the plurality of switches further comprises at least one electromechanical switch. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The system of claim 1, wherein the change in the configuration includes at least one of the following: change of a connection of at least two of the plurality of rechargeable batteries from in series to in parallel; and change of a connection of the at least two of the plurality of rechargeable batteries from in parallel to in series. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The system of claim 1, wherein the controller is further configured to: determine that voltage of at least one of the plurality of rechargeable batteries is less than a predetermined value; and based on the determination, cause the switches to disconnect the at least one of the plurality of rechargeable batteries from the array. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The system of claim 1, further comprising: at least one solar panel coupled to the first rechargeable battery. ### Claim 9 (depends on 8) The system of claim 8, wherein the connection between the first rechargeable battery and the at least on solar panel is switched from series to parallel based at least in part on a power output from the at least one solar panel. ### Claim 10 (depends on 9) The system of claim 9, wherein the controller is further configured to: connect the first rechargeable battery and the at least one solar panel in series when the power output is less than a system voltage of the plurality of rechargeable batteries; and connect the first rechargeable battery and the at least one solar panel in parallel when the power output is greater than the system voltage of the plurality of rechargeable batteries. ### Claim 11 A method for dynamic control of configurations of electrical circuits, the method comprising: providing a plurality of electric power sources comprising a first electric power source and a second electric power source; providing switches configured to modify a connection between the electric power sources between parallel connections and series connections; and providing a controller coupled to the plurality of switches, the controller being configured to enable and disable the switches to cause a change in a configuration of connections between the plurality of electric power sources, wherein the plurality of electric power sources are recharged at a lowest voltage capacity associated with the plurality of electric power sources. ### Claim 12 (depends on 11) The method of claim 11, further comprising: connecting and disconnecting at least some of the plurality of rechargeable batteries from each other. ### Claim 13 (depends on 11) The method of claim 11, further comprising: providing a load coupled to an anode of the first electric power source and a cathode of the second electric power source. ### Claim 14 (depends on 11) The method of claim 11, wherein the plurality of switches comprises a metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor. ### Claim 15 (depends on 14) The method of claim 14, wherein the plurality of switches further comprises at least one electromechanical switch. ### Claim 16 (depends on 11) The method of claim 11, further comprising: changing a connection of at least two of the plurality of electric power sources from in series to in parallel; and changing a connection of the at least two of the plurality of electric power sources from in parallel to in series. ### Claim 17 (depends on 11) The method of claim 11, further comprising: determining that voltage of at least one of the plurality of electric power sources is less than a predetermined value; and based on the determination, causing the switches to disconnect the at least one of the plurality of electric power sources from the array. ### Claim 18 (depends on 11) The method of claim 11, further comprising: providing at least one solar panel coupled to the first electric power source. ### Claim 19 (depends on 17) The method of claim 17, wherein the connection between the first electric power source and the at least on solar panel is switched from series to parallel based at least in part on a power output from the at least one solar panel. ### Claim 20 (depends on 11) The method of claim 11, further comprising: connecting the first electric power source and the at least one solar panel in series when the power output is less than a system voltage of the plurality of electric power sources; and connecting the first electric power source and the at least one solar panel in parallel when the power output is greater than the system voltage of the plurality of electric power sources.