# US 12,005,783 B2 · Electrified military vehicle

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- Number: US 12,005,783 B2
- Document ID: US12005783B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 17/840,840
- Filed: 2022-06-15
- Published: 2023-02-16
- Granted: 2024-06-11
- Earliest claimed: 2021-08-13
- Assignees: Oshkosh Defense, LLC
- Applicants: Oshkosh Defense, LLC
- Inventors: Chad Smith; Mitchel Nordahl; Mikel Ullman; Jessica Szymanski; Bradon Zeitler
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US12005783B2

## CPC

- B60K 6/48: Parallel type
- B60K 6/24: characterised by the combustion engines
- B60K 6/26: characterised by the motors or the generators
- B60K 6/28: characterised by the electric energy storing means, e.g. batteries or capacitors
- B60K 6/32: characterised by the fuel cells
- B60K 6/387: Actuated clutches, i.e. clutches engaged or disengaged by electric, hydraulic or mechanical actuating means
- B60K 6/40: characterised by the assembly or relative disposition of components
- B60K 6/405: Housings
- B60K 6/44: Series-parallel type
- B60K 6/46: Series type
- B60K 6/485: Motor-assist type
- B60K 6/54: Transmission for changing ratio
- B60K 25/00: Auxiliary drives (arrangement of tyre-inflating pumps mounted on vehicles B60C23/10)
- B60K 25/02: directly from an engine shaft
- B60K 25/06: from the transmission power take-off
- B60K 28/10: responsive to conditions relating to the vehicle
- B60L 1/00: Supplying electric power to auxiliary equipment of vehicles (circuit arrangements for charging batteries H02J7/00)
- B60L 3/0046: {relating to electric energy storage systems, e.g. batteries or capacitors}
- B60L 50/16: with provision for separate direct mechanical propulsion
- B60L 50/60: using power supplied by batteries (in combination with fuel cells B60L50/75)
- B60L 50/66: {Arrangements of batteries}
- B60L 53/50: Charging stations characterised by energy-storage or power-generation means
- B60L 58/20: having different nominal voltages
- B60W 10/02: including control of driveline clutches
- B60W 10/023: {Fluid clutches}
- B60W 10/06: including control of combustion engines
- B60W 10/08: including control of electric propulsion units, e.g. motors or generators
- B60W 10/11: Stepped gearings
- B60W 10/26: for electrical energy, e.g. batteries or capacitors
- B60W 10/30: including control of auxiliary equipment, e.g. air-conditioning compressors or oil pumps
- B60W 20/10: Controlling the power contribution of each of the prime movers to meet required power demand
- B60W 20/13: in order to stay within battery power input or output limits; in order to prevent overcharging or battery depletion
- B60W 20/15: Control strategies specially adapted for achieving a particular effect
- B60W 20/17: for noise reduction
- B60W 20/20: Control strategies involving selection of hybrid configuration, e.g. selection between series or parallel configuration
- B60W 20/40: Controlling the engagement or disengagement of prime movers, e.g. for transition between prime movers {(power-up or power-down of the driveline B60W30/192)}
- B60W 20/50: Control strategies for responding to system failures, e.g. for fault diagnosis, failsafe operation or limp mode
- B60W 40/13: Load or weight
- B60W 50/082: {Selecting or switching between different modes of propelling}
- B62D 21/02: comprising longitudinally or transversely arranged frame members
- B62D 21/04: single longitudinal type
- B62D 63/025: {Modular vehicles (superstructures for busses having modular sections B62D31/025)}
- B62D 63/04: Component parts or accessories
- F02N 11/04: the motors being associated with current generators
- F02N 15/00: Other power-operated starting apparatus; Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from groups F02N5/00 - F02N13/00
- F41H 7/02: Land vehicles with enclosing armour, e.g. tanks (endless-track vehicles, steering thereof B62D {; vehicles for placing portable or sectional bridges E01D15/127; vehicles carrying floating bridges E01D15/22})
- B60K 6/383: One-way clutches or freewheel devices
- B60K 6/547: the transmission being a stepped gearing
- B60K 2001/0416: {Arrangement in the rear part of the vehicle}
- B60K 2006/262: {the motor or generator are used as clutch, e.g. between engine and driveshaft}
- B60K 2006/268: {Electric drive motor starts the engine, i.e. used as starter motor}
- B60K 2006/4825: {Electric machine connected or connectable to gearbox input shaft}
- B60K 2025/005: {driven by electric motors forming part of the propulsion unit}
- B60K 2025/022: {by a mechanical transmission}
- B60L 2200/40: Working vehicles
- B60L 2210/10: DC to DC converters
- B60L 2240/445: Temperature
- B60L 2240/547: Voltage
- B60L 2250/10: by alarm
- B60L 2270/142: acoustic
- B60W 2300/26: Military
- B60W 2510/0638: Engine speed
- B60W 2510/0657: Engine torque
- B60W 2510/0676: Engine temperature
- B60W 2510/083: Torque
- B60W 2510/087: Temperature
- B60W 2510/244: Charge state
- B60W 2540/00: Input parameters relating to occupants
- B60W 2552/15: Road slope, i.e. the inclination of a road segment in the longitudinal direction
- B60W 2556/50: of positioning data, e.g. GPS [Global Positioning System] data
- B60W 2710/0644: Engine speed
- B60W 2710/1022: Input torque
- B60W 2710/305: target power to auxiliaries
- B60Y 2200/24: Military vehicles
- B60Y 2200/92: Hybrid vehicles
- B60Y 2400/404: Electro-magnetic actuators, e.g. with an electromagnet not rotating for moving a clutching member
- F02N 2200/061: Battery state of charge [SOC]
- Y02E 60/10: Energy storage using batteries
- Y02T 10/62: Hybrid vehicles
- B60K: ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60L: PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES (arrangements or mounting of electrical propulsion units or of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion in vehicles B60K1/00, B60K6/20; arrangements or mounting of electrical gearing in vehicles B60K17/12, B60K17/14; preventing wheel slip by reducing power in rail vehicles B61C15/08; dynamo-electric machines H02K; control or regulation of electric motors H02P); SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES (electric coupling devices combined with mechanical couplings of vehicles B60D1/64; electric heating for vehicles B60H1/00); ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL (control or regulation of electric motors H02P); MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60W: CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B62D: MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS (steering, or guiding on a desired track, of agricultural machines or implements A01B69/00; wheels, castors, axles, increasing wheel adhesion B60B; vehicle tyres, tyre inflation or tyre changing B60C; connections between vehicles of a train or the like B60D; vehicles for use on rail and road, amphibious or convertible vehicles B60F; suspension arrangements B60G; heating, cooling, ventilating or other air treating devices B60H; windows, windscreens, non-fixed roofs, doors or similar devices, protective coverings for vehicles not in use B60J; propulsion plant arrangements, auxiliary drives, transmissions, controls, instrumentation or dashboards B60K; electric equipment or propulsion of electrically-propelled vehicles B60L; power supply for electrically-propelled vehicles B60M; passenger accommodation not otherwise provided for B60N; adaptations for load transportation or to carry special loads or objects B60P; arrangement of signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor, for vehicles in general B60Q; vehicles, vehicle fittings or vehicle parts not otherwise provided for B60R; servicing, cleaning, repairing, supporting, lifting, or manoeuvring, not otherwise provided for, B60S; brake arrangements, brake control systems or parts thereof B60T; air-cushion vehicles B60V; motor-cycles, accessories therefor B62J, B62K; testing of vehicles G01M)
- F02N: STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F41H: ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
- B60Y: INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
- Y02E: REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02T: CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION

## Abstract

A front end accessory drive (FEAD) for a military vehicle. The FEAD includes a first belt, a second belt, multiple accessories, an electric motor-generator, at least one other accessory, and a sprag clutch. The accessories and the electric motor-generator are coupled with the first belt. The at least one other accessory, the first belt, and the second belt are coupled with the sprag clutch. The second belt is configured to couple with an output shaft of an engine of the military vehicle and be driven by the output shaft of the engine to drive the sprag clutch. The sprag clutch is thereby configured to drive the at least one other accessory and the first belt, and the first belt is thereby configured to drive the plurality of accessories, and the electric motor-generator.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A front end accessory drive (FEAD) for a military vehicle, the FEAD comprising:
a frame member;
a first belt positioned in front of the frame member;
a second belt positioned behind the frame member, the frame member positioned between the first belt and the second belt;
a plurality of accessories coupled with the first belt; and
at least one other accessory;
wherein the at least one other accessory, the first belt, and the second belt are coupled with a clutch; and
wherein the second belt is coupled with a primary mover such that the primary mover is configured to drive the plurality of accessories through the second belt, the clutch, and the first belt.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The FEAD of claim 1, further comprising an electric motor-generator positioned in front of the frame member, wherein the electric motor-generator is coupled with the first belt.

### Claim 3 (depends on 2)

The FEAD of claim 2, wherein the FEAD is operable in a first mode in which the primary mover is a primary driver of the FEAD and a second mode in which the electric motor-generator is the primary driver of the FEAD.

### Claim 4 (depends on 3)

The FEAD of claim 3, wherein in the first mode the primary mover functions as the primary driver of the FEAD and drives the second belt, the second belt thereby driving the clutch, the clutch thereby driving the at least one other accessory coupled with the clutch, and the first belt, the first belt thereby driving the plurality of accessories, and the electric motor-generator, and wherein in the first mode the electric motor-generator functions as a generator to generate electrical energy and provides the generated electrical energy to at least one of (i) an electrical energy system of the military vehicle for storage or (ii) an electrical component of the military vehicle for use by the electrical component.

### Claim 5 (depends on 3)

The FEAD of claim 3, wherein in the second mode the electric motor-generator functions as the primary driver of the FEAD and drives the first belt, the first belt thereby driving the plurality of accessories and the clutch, the clutch thereby driving the at least one other accessory coupled with the clutch, wherein in the second mode the electric motor-generator consumes electrical energy provided by an electrical energy system of the military vehicle, and wherein in the second mode the second belt is not driven by the clutch.

### Claim 6 (depends on 3)

The FEAD of claim 3, wherein the clutch comprises:
a first portion;
a second portion; and
a plurality of sprags between the first portion and the second portion;
wherein the second belt is coupled with the second portion;
wherein both the first belt and the at least one other accessory are coupled with the first portion; and
wherein the sprags are configured to (i) engage with the first portion and the second portion to limit relative rotation between the first portion and the second portion in a first direction of relative rotation and (ii) allow relative rotation between the first portion and the second portion in a second direction of relative rotation opposite the first direction of relative rotation.

### Claim 7 (depends on 6)

The FEAD of claim 6, wherein the first portion is an inner race of the clutch and the second portion is an outer race of the clutch, wherein the at least one other accessory and the first belt are rotatably coupled with the inner race of the clutch, and wherein the second belt is rotatably coupled with the outer race of the clutch.

### Claim 8 (depends on 6)

The FEAD of claim 6:
wherein in the first mode, the first portion and the second portion are engaged with each other through the sprags;
in the second mode, the first portion and the second portion are not engaged with each other through the sprags.

### Claim 9 (depends on 1)

The FEAD of claim 1, wherein the plurality of accessories include a clutched fan assembly and an air compressor, and wherein the at least one other accessory coupled with the clutch comprises a hydraulic pump.

### Claim 10 (depends on 9)

The FEAD of claim 9, further comprising an air conditioning (AC) compressor and an AC electric motor, the AC electric motor configured to consume electrical energy provided by an electrical energy system of the military vehicle and drive the AC compressor.

### Claim 11 (depends on 10)

The FEAD of claim 10, further comprising a lubricant pump configured to consume electrical energy from the electrical energy system of the military vehicle to provide lubricant to at least one of the air compressor, the clutched fan assembly, the hydraulic pump, or the AC compressor.

### Claim 12

A front end accessory drive (FEAD) for a military vehicle, the FEAD comprising:
a frame member;
a first belt positioned in front of the frame member;
an air compressor, a clutched fan assembly, and an electric motor-generator coupled with the first belt;
a second belt positioned behind the frame member, the frame member interposed between the first belt and the second belt, the second belt coupled with an engine of the military vehicle;
a hydraulic pump; and
a one-way clutch;
wherein the hydraulic pump, the first belt, and the second belt are coupled with the one-way clutch; and
wherein the FEAD is operable in a first mode in which the engine is a primary driver of the FEAD and a second mode in which the electric motor-generator is the primary driver of the FEAD.

### Claim 13 (depends on 12)

The FEAD of claim 12, wherein the one-way clutch comprises:
a first portion;
a second portion; and
a plurality of sprags between the first portion and the second portion;
wherein the second belt is coupled with the second portion;
wherein both the first belt and the hydraulic pump are coupled with the first portion; and
wherein the sprags are configured to (i) engage with the first portion and the second portion to limit relative rotation between the first portion and the second portion in a first direction of relative rotation and (ii) allow relative rotation between the first portion and the second portion in a second direction of relative rotation opposite the first direction of relative rotation.

### Claim 14 (depends on 13)

The FEAD of claim 13, wherein the first portion is an inner race of the one-way clutch and the second portion is an outer race of the one-way clutch, wherein the hydraulic pump and the first belt are rotatably coupled with the inner race of the one-way clutch, and wherein the second belt is rotatably coupled with the outer race of the one-way clutch.

### Claim 15 (depends on 13)

The FEAD of claim 13:
wherein in the first mode, the first portion and the second portion are engaged with each other through the sprags;
in the second mode, the first portion and the second portion are not engaged with each other through the sprags.

### Claim 16 (depends on 12)

The FEAD of claim 12, further comprising an air conditioning (AC) compressor and an AC electric motor, the AC electric motor configured to consume electrical energy provided by an electrical energy system of the military vehicle and drive the AC compressor.

### Claim 17 (depends on 12)

The FEAD of claim 12, further comprising a lubricant pump configured to consume electrical energy from an electrical energy system of the military vehicle to provide lubricant to at least one of the air compressor, the clutched fan assembly, the hydraulic pump, or the AC compressor.

### Claim 18 (depends on 12)

The FEAD of claim 12, wherein the second belt is configured to couple with an output shaft of an engine of the military vehicle, the second belt configured to be driven by the output shaft of the engine and drive the one-way clutch, the one-way clutch thereby configured to drive the hydraulic pump and the first belt, the first belt thereby configured to drive the air compressor, the clutched fan assembly, and the electric motor-generator;
wherein in the first mode the engine functions as the primary driver of the FEAD and drives the second belt, the second belt thereby driving the one-way clutch and the hydraulic pump, the one-way clutch thereby driving the first belt, the first belt thereby driving the clutched fan assembly, the air compressor, and the electric motor-generator, and wherein in the first mode the electric motor-generator functions as a generator to generate electrical energy and provides the generated electrical energy to at least one of (i) an electrical energy system of the military vehicle for storage or (ii) an electrical component of the military vehicle for use by the electrical component.

### Claim 19 (depends on 12)

The FEAD of claim 12, wherein in the second mode the electric motor-generator functions as the primary driver of the FEAD and drives the first belt, the first belt thereby driving the clutched fan assembly, the air compressor, and the one-way clutch, the one-way clutch thereby driving the hydraulic pump, wherein in the second mode the electric motor-generator consumes electrical energy provided by an electrical energy system of the military vehicle, and wherein in the second mode the second belt is not driven by the one-way clutch.

### Claim 20

A front end accessory drive (FEAD) for a military vehicle, the FEAD comprising:
a frame plate;
a first belt positioned in front of the frame plate;
an air compressor, a fan, and an electric motor-generator coupled with the first belt;
a second belt positioned behind the frame plate, wherein the frame plate is positioned between the first belt and the second belt;
a hydraulic pump;
a clutch comprising a first portion and a second portion, and a plurality of sprags between the first portion and the second portion, wherein the second belt is coupled with the second portion, and both the first belt and the hydraulic pump are coupled with the first portion, the sprags configured to (i) engage the first portion and the second portion to limit relative rotation between the first portion and the second portion in a first direction of relative rotation and (ii) allow relative rotation between the first portion and the second portion in a second direction of relative rotation opposite the first direction of relative rotation;
an air conditioning (AC) compressor and an AC electric motor, the AC electric motor configured to consume electrical energy provided by an electrical energy system of the military vehicle and drive the AC compressor; and
wherein the second belt is configured to couple with an output shaft of an engine of the military vehicle, the second belt configured to be driven by the output shaft of the engine and drive the clutch, the clutch thereby configured to drive the hydraulic pump and the first belt, the first belt thereby configured to drive the air compressor, the fan, and the electric motor-generator.