# US 12,005,186 B2 · Closed loop oxygen control

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- Number: US 12,005,186 B2
- Document ID: US12005186B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 16/753,947
- Filed: 2018-10-05
- Published: 2021-11-25
- Granted: 2024-06-11
- Earliest claimed: 2017-10-06
- Assignees: Fisher & Paykel Healthcare Limited
- Applicants: Fisher & Paykel Healthcare Limited
- Inventors: Rhys Matthew James Williams; Russel William Burgess; David Martin Russell; Anton Kim Gulley; Charles Grady Cantrell; Yi Lin Huang
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US12005186B2

## CPC

- A61B 5/1455: using optical sensors, e.g. spectral photometrical oximeters
- A61M 16/0003: {Accessories therefor, e.g. sensors, vibrators, negative pressure}
- A61M 16/0051: {with alarm devices}
- A61M 16/026: {specially adapted for predicting, e.g. for determining an information representative of a flow limitation during a ventilation cycle by using a root square technique or a regression analysis}
- A61M 16/0672: {Nasal cannula assemblies for oxygen therapy}
- A61M 16/1005: {with O2 features or with parameter measurement}
- A61M 16/125: {Diluting primary gas with ambient air}
- A61M 16/201: {Controlled valves}
- A61M 16/204: {used for inhalation control}
- A61B 5/4836: {Diagnosis combined with treatment in closed-loop systems or methods (A61B5/0036 takes precedence)}
- A61M 16/0066: {Blowers or centrifugal pumps}
- A61M 16/06: Respiratory or anaesthetic masks
- A61M 16/0816: {Joints or connectors}
- A61M 16/105: {Filters (A61M16/047, A61M16/22 take precedence; water traps A61M16/08)}
- A61M 16/1085: {after being humidified or mixed with a beneficial agent}
- A61M 16/1095: {in the connecting tubes}
- A61M 16/161: {with means for measuring the humidity}
- A61M 16/208: {Non-controlled one-way valves, e.g. exhalation, check, pop-off non-rebreathing valves}
- A61M 16/209: {Relief valves}
- A61M 2016/0027: {pressure meter}
- A61M 2016/003: {with a flowmeter}
- A61M 2016/0039: {in the inspiratory circuit}
- A61M 2016/1025: {the O2 concentration}
- A61M 2202/0208: Oxygen
- A61M 2205/18: with alarm
- A61M 2205/3368: Temperature
- A61M 2205/3375: Acoustical, e.g. ultrasonic, measuring means
- A61M 2205/3553: remote, e.g. between patient's home and doctor's office
- A61M 2205/3592: using telemetric means, e.g. radio or optical transmission
- A61M 2205/3653: by Joule effect, i.e. electric resistance
- A61M 2205/42: Reducing noise
- A61M 2205/502: User interfaces, e.g. screens or keyboards
- A61M 2205/52: with memories providing a history of measured variating parameters of apparatus or patient
- A61M 2205/583: by visual feedback
- A61M 2205/75: with filters
- A61M 2230/005: Parameter used as control input for the apparatus
- A61M 2230/06: Heartbeat rate only
- A61M 2230/205: partial oxygen pressure (P-O2)
- A61M 2230/42: Rate
- A61M 2230/435: partial O2 pressure (P-O2)
- A61B: DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION (usefulness limited to only animals A61D)
- A61M: DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY (introducing media into or onto the bodies of animals A61D7/00; means for inserting tampons A61F13/26; devices for administering food or medicines orally A61J; containers for collecting, storing or administering blood or medical fluids A61J1/05); DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY (surgery A61B; chemical aspects of surgical articles A61L); DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR {(Electrotherapy, e.g. producing anaesthesia by the use of alternating or intermittent currents A61N1/36021)}

## Abstract

The present disclosure provides for a flow therapy apparatus that can implement one or more closed loop control systems to control the flow of gases of a flow therapy apparatus. The flow therapy apparatus can monitor blood oxygen saturation (SpO2) of a patient and control the fraction of oxygen delivered to the patient (FdO2). The flow therapy apparatus can automatically adjust the FdO2 in order to achieve a targeted SpO2 value for the patient.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A respiratory apparatus that provides a flow of gases to a patient, wherein the respiratory apparatus is configured to deliver high flow therapy to the patient, the respiratory apparatus comprising:
a gases composition sensor configured to determine at least a measured fraction of delivered oxygen content (FdO2) of gases flow during operation of the respiratory apparatus, wherein the gases composition sensor is an ultrasonic sensor system;
a controller configured to control delivery of gases to the patient using closed loop control, wherein the controller is configured to:
receive patient parameter data indicative of oxygen saturation (SpO2) of the patient from at least one sensor;
execute a control phase, wherein operation of the respiratory apparatus during a therapy session is based at least in part on the patient parameter data, wherein the control phase includes determining a target FdO2, wherein the target FdO2 is determined based at least in part on a target SpO2, measured SpO2, measured FdO2, and a previous target FdO2.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The respiratory apparatus of claim 1 wherein the respiratory apparatus is configured to deliver a nasal high flow (NHF) flow of gases to the patient.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

The respiratory apparatus of claim 1, wherein the controller is configured to receive device parameter data indicative of an oxygen concentration of the gases flow.

### Claim 4 (depends on 1)

The respiratory apparatus of claim 1 further comprising a supplementary gas inlet valve, wherein the controller is configured to control operation of the supplementary gas inlet valve.

### Claim 5 (depends on 4)

The respiratory apparatus of claim 4 further comprising an ambient air inlet, wherein the supplementary gas inlet valve is an oxygen inlet valve, wherein the oxygen inlet valve is in fluid communication with a filter module, wherein the respiratory apparatus is configured to entrain oxygen received from the oxygen inlet valve with ambient air from the ambient air inlet in the filter module.

### Claim 6 (depends on 5)

The respiratory apparatus of claim 5, wherein the gases composition sensor is positioned downstream of a blower module of the respiratory apparatus, and wherein the filter module is positioned upstream of the blower module of the respiratory apparatus.

### Claim 7 (depends on 1)

The respiratory apparatus of claim 1, wherein the gases composition sensor is positioned downstream of a blower module of the respiratory apparatus.

### Claim 8 (depends on 1)

The respiratory apparatus of claim 1, wherein the closed loop control includes using a second closed loop control model configured to determine a control signal for an oxygen inlet valve based at least in part on a difference between the target FdO2 and a measured FdO2.

### Claim 9 (depends on 8)

The respiratory apparatus of claim 8, wherein the control signal for the oxygen inlet valve is determined further based at least in part on a gases flow rate, wherein the gases flow rate is a total gases flow rate.

### Claim 10 (depends on 1)

The respiratory apparatus of claim 1, wherein the controller is configured to transfer to a manual mode of operation when a signal quality of the at least one sensor is below a threshold.

### Claim 11 (depends on 1)

The respiratory apparatus of claim 1, wherein the controller is configured to transfer to a manual mode of operation when the patient SpO2 is outside of defined limits.

### Claim 12 (depends on 11)

The respiratory apparatus of claim 11, wherein the controller is configured to trigger an alarm when the patient SpO2 is outside of the defined limits.

### Claim 13 (depends on 1)

The respiratory apparatus of claim 1 wherein the ultrasonic sensor system comprises a first ultrasonic transducer and a second ultrasonic transducer.

### Claim 14 (depends on 13)

The respiratory apparatus of claim 13 wherein each of the first ultrasonic transducer and the second ultrasonic transducer is a receiver and a transmitter.

### Claim 15 (depends on 14)

The respiratory apparatus of claim 14 wherein the first ultrasonic transducer and the second ultrasonic transducer send pulses bidirectionally.

### Claim 16 (depends on 13)

The respiratory apparatus of claim 13 wherein at least one of the first ultrasonic transducer or the second ultrasonic transducer send pulses along the gases flow.

### Claim 17 (depends on 13)

The respiratory apparatus of claim 13 wherein at least one of the first ultrasonic transducer or the second ultrasonic transducer send pulses across the gases flow.