# US 12,003,642 B2 · System and method for authentication using non-fungible tokens > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 12,003,642 B2 - Document ID: US12003642B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 17/507,549 - Filed: 2021-10-21 - Published: 2023-04-27 - Granted: 2024-06-04 - Earliest claimed: 2021-10-21 - Applicants: Stephen Mayne - Inventors: Stephen Mayne - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US12003642B2 ## CPC - H04L 9/3226: {using a predetermined code, e.g. password, passphrase or PIN (network architectures or network communication protocols for supporting authentication of entities using passwords in a packet data network H04L63/083)} - H04L 9/006: {involving public key infrastructure [PKI] trust models (network architecture or network communication protocol for supporting authentication of entities using certificates in a packet data network H04L63/0823)} - H04L 9/0643: {Hash functions, e.g. MD5, SHA, HMAC or f9 MAC} - H04L 9/0863: {involving passwords or one-time passwords (network architectures or network communication protocols for using one-time keys in a packet data network H04L63/067)} - H04L 9/30: Public key, i.e. encryption algorithm being computationally infeasible to invert or user's encryption keys not requiring secrecy - H04L 9/3234: {involving additional secure or trusted devices, e.g. TPM, smartcard, USB or software token (network architectures or network communication protocols for supporting authentication of entities using an additional device in a packet data network H04L63/0853)} - H04L 9/50: {using hash chains, e.g. blockchains or hash trees} - H04L: TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION (arrangements common to telegraphic and telephonic communication H04M) ## Abstract In an example, a non-transitory machine-readable storage medium includes stored instructions. The store instructions, when executed by one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to: receive a unique identifier of a tagged physical good; receive a public key stored in a Non-Fungible Token (NFT) corresponding to the unique identifier; encrypt a first passphrase using the public key to obtain an encrypted passphrase; compare a second passphrase to the first passphrase; and generate an output indication in response to comparing the second passphrase to the first passphrase. The second passphrase is generated by decrypting the encrypted passphrase using a private key stored on an electronic tag device embedded in the tagged physical good. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A non-transitory machine-readable storage medium comprising stored instructions, which when executed by one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to: receive a unique identifier of a tagged physical good; receive a public key stored in a Non-Fungible Token (NFT) corresponding to the unique identifier; encrypt a first passphrase using the public key to obtain an encrypted passphrase; compare a second passphrase to the first passphrase, the second passphrase being generated by decrypting the encrypted passphrase using a private key stored on an electronic tag device embedded in the tagged physical good; and generate an output indication in response to comparing the second passphrase to the first passphrase. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The non-transitory machine-readable storage medium of claim 1, wherein the stored instructions, which when executed by the one or more processors, further cause the one or more processors to: cause a request for the second passphrase to be transmitted, the request including the encrypted passphrase; and receive a response including the second passphrase. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The non-transitory machine-readable storage medium of claim 1, wherein the stored instructions, which when executed by the one or more processors, further cause the one or more processors to: receive the private key; and decrypt the encrypted passphrase, to obtain the second passphrase, using the private key. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The non-transitory machine-readable storage medium of claim 1, wherein the stored instructions, which when executed by the one or more processors, further cause the one or more processors to: generate the first passphrase, generating the first passphrase including a randomization process. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The non-transitory machine-readable storage medium of claim 1, wherein the stored instructions, which when executed by the one or more processors, further cause the one or more processors to: generate the first passphrase using a hash function, at least some metadata of the NFT being input to the hash function to generate the first passphrase. ### Claim 6 A physical good comprising: an electronic tag device comprising: one or more processors; and non-transitory memory comprising stored instructions, which when executed by the one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to: receive a request for a decrypted passphrase, the request including an encrypted passphrase; decrypt the encrypted passphrase using a private key to obtain the decrypted passphrase, the private key being stored in the non-transitory memory; and cause a response including the decrypted passphrase to be transmitted; and an inductive coupling power source. ### Claim 7 (depends on 6) The physical good of claim 6, wherein the electronic tag device includes the inductive coupling power source. ### Claim 8 (depends on 6) The physical good of claim 6, wherein the electronic tag device further comprises Near Field Communication (NFC) circuitry, the electronic tag device being configured to receive the request by the NFC circuitry and transmit the response by the NFC circuitry. ### Claim 9 (depends on 6) The physical good of claim 6, wherein the electronic tag device further comprises SmartCard communication circuitry, the electronic tag device being configured to receive the request by the SmartCard communication circuitry and transmit the response by the SmartCard communication circuitry. ### Claim 10 A method for authentication, the method comprising: by a first processor-based system, receiving a public key stored in a Non-Fungible Token (NFT) corresponding to a unique identifier of a physical good; by the first processor-based system, encrypting a first passphrase using the public key to obtain an encrypted passphrase; by a second processor-based system, decrypting the encrypted passphrase, to obtain a second passphrase, using a private key stored embedded in the physical good; by the first processor-based system, comparing the first passphrase to the second passphrase; and by the first processor-based system, generating an output indication in response to comparing the second passphrase to the first passphrase. ### Claim 11 (depends on 10) The method of claim 10, wherein the second processor-based system is the first processor-based system. ### Claim 12 (depends on 10) The method of claim 10, wherein the second processor-based system is a different system from the first processor-based system, the second processor-based system being embedded in the physical good. ### Claim 13 (depends on 10) The method of claim 10 further comprising, by the first processor-based system, generating the first passphrase using a randomization process. ### Claim 14 (depends on 10) The method of claim 10 further comprising, by the first processor-based system, generating the first passphrase using a hash function, at least some metadata of the NFT being input to the hash function to generate the first passphrase. ### Claim 15 (depends on 10) The method of claim 10, wherein the output indication is output on an output device communicatively coupled to the first processor-based system. ### Claim 16 A non-transitory machine-readable storage medium comprising stored instructions, which when executed by one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to: generate a cryptographic key for a physical good, wherein generating the cryptographic key includes generating an asymmetric key pair for the physical good, the asymmetric key pair comprising a public key and a private key; cause a Non-Fungible Token (NFT) corresponding to a unique identifier of the physical good to be minted, wherein metadata of the NFT includes the public key; and encode an electronic tag device with the cryptographic key, the electronic tag device to be embedded in the physical good, wherein the electronic tag device is encoded with the private key. ### Claim 17 (depends on 16) The non-transitory machine-readable storage medium of claim 16, wherein metadata of the NFT includes the unique identifier. ### Claim 18 (depends on 16) The non-transitory machine-readable storage medium of claim 16, wherein the stored instructions, which when executed by the one or more processors, further cause the one or more processors to: cause the private key to be stored in a secure database.