# US 12,003,313 B2 · Control unit, wireless communication network and method for operating a control unit

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- Number: US 12,003,313 B2
- Document ID: US12003313B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 17/190,799
- Filed: 2021-03-03
- Published: 2021-07-08
- Granted: 2024-06-04
- Earliest claimed: 2018-09-06
- Assignees: Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V.
- Applicants: Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V.
- Inventors: Bastien Hamet; Thomas Kolb; Christian Rohde; Florian Leschka
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US12003313B2

## CPC

- H04B 7/18513: {Transmission in a satellite or space-based system}
- H04B 7/0452: Multi-user MIMO systems
- H04B 7/0456: Selection of precoding matrices or codebooks, e.g. using matrices antenna weighting
- H04B 7/0617: {for beam forming}
- H04B 7/0626: {Channel coefficients, e.g. channel state information [CSI]}
- H04W 24/08: Testing, {supervising or monitoring} using real traffic
- H04W 72/542: using measured or perceived quality
- H04L 25/0204: {of multiple channels}
- Y02D 30/70: in wireless communication networks
- H04B: TRANSMISSION
- H04W: WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS (broadcast communication H04H; communication systems using wireless links for non-selective communication, e.g. wireless extensions H04M1/72)
- H04L: TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION (arrangements common to telegraphic and telephonic communication H04M)
- Y02D: CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE

## Abstract

A control unit is configured to control a communication between a satellite and a plurality of terminals, wherein the control unit is configured for controlling the communication such that communication is scheduled to a terminal, the communication being one of at least a set-wise first type for a set of terminals and/or a second type. The control unit is configured for determining a joint communication quality for a set of terminals from the plurality of terminals using a joint communication information of the set of terminals. The control unit is configured for determining that the joint communication quality is below a quality threshold value, determining a liable terminal from the set of terminals, the liable terminal being liable for the joint communication quality being below the quality threshold value, and controlling the communication such that communication of the second type is scheduled to the liable terminal.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A control unit configured to control a communication between a satellite and a plurality of terminals, such that communication is scheduled to a terminal, the communication being one of at least a set-wise first type having a common pre-coding for a set of terminals and a second type, wherein the control unit is configured for:
determining a joint communication quality for a set of terminals from the plurality of terminals using a joint communication information of the set of terminals;
determining that the joint communication quality is below a quality threshold value;
determining a liable terminal from the set of terminals, the liable terminal being liable for the joint communication quality being below the quality threshold value; and
controlling the communication such that communication of the second type is scheduled to the liable terminal.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The control unit according to claim 1, wherein the set is a proposal indicating that the communication of the first type is proposed to be scheduled jointly to the set of terminals.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

The control unit according to claim 1, wherein the set is received from a pre-scheduler configured for generating the set of terminals as subset of the plurality of terminals using a combination criterion or by random.

### Claim 4 (depends on 1)

The control unit according to claim 1, wherein, for determining the liable terminal, the control unit is configured for:
determining a communication quality parameter based on the joint communication quality and associating the communication quality parameter with each of the terminals of the set of terminals, for which the control unit determines that the joint communication quality is below the quality threshold value; or
evaluating the communication quality parameter of each of the terminals of the set with respect to a communication quality parameter threshold and to determine a terminal as liable terminal when the communication quality parameter is larger than or equal to the communication quality parameter threshold.

### Claim 5 (depends on 4)

The control unit according to claim 4, wherein the communication quality parameter associated to a terminal is a counter, wherein the control unit is configured for incrementing or decrementing the counter each time the terminal is part of a set for which the control unit determines that the joint communication quality is below the quality threshold value, wherein the control unit is further configured for determining the terminal as liable terminal when the counter has reached a predefined value.

### Claim 6 (depends on 4)

The control unit according to claim 4, wherein the control unit is configured for iteratively determining the joint communication quality for different sets of terminals in different iterations, wherein the control unit is configured for, in each iteration:
associating the communication quality parameter to the terminal by reading, from a memory a prior communication quality parameter already associated with the terminal and to combine the prior communication quality parameter with the communication quality parameter determined in the present iteration so as to obtain an updated communication quality parameter and to associate the updated communication quality parameter with the terminal by storing the updated communication quality parameter in the memory;
wherein the control unit is configured for determining the liable terminal using the updated communication quality parameter.

### Claim 7 (depends on 1)

The control unit according to claim 1, wherein the joint communication information is a channel matrix formed for the set of terminals.

### Claim 8 (depends on 7)

The control unit according to claim 7, wherein the control unit is configured for determining the joint communication quality based on a condition number of the channel matrix.

### Claim 9 (depends on 1)

The control unit according to claim 1, wherein the control unit is configured for rejecting the set of terminals from being scheduled with the communication of the first type when the joint communication quality is below a quality threshold value and to exclude the liable terminal from the set of terminals; wherein the control unit comprises a pre-scheduler configured for including the remaining terminals into at least one further set of terminals and to provide the further set of terminals as further proposal.

### Claim 10 (depends on 1)

The control unit according to claim 1, wherein the control unit is configured for controlling the communication such that the set of terminals is scheduled jointly to a jointly precoded communication in the first type of communication and such that the liable terminal is scheduled to an unprecoded communication.

### Claim 11 (depends on 1)

The control unit according to claim 1, wherein the control unit is configured for forming the set of terminals based on a channel state information of a channel between the satellite and a terminal of the set of terminals, wherein the control unit is configured for approximating the channel state information based on a location related information being related to a position of the terminal.

### Claim 12 (depends on 1)

The control unit according to claim 1, wherein the control unit is configured for:
obtaining a plurality of sets of terminals, each set of terminals being a subset of the plurality of terminals;
associating a joint communication quality to each set of terminals;
determining a highest communication quality from the associated joint communication qualities and control the satellite so as to schedule the set of terminals with the communication to which the highest communication quality is associated.

### Claim 13 (depends on 1)

The control unit according to claim 1, wherein the control unit is located at least partially as part of the satellite or at least partially as part of a gateway.

### Claim 14

A control unit configured to control a communication between a satellite and a plurality of terminals, wherein the control unit is configured for controlling the communication such that a set-wise communication having a common pre-coding is scheduled for a set of terminals, wherein the control unit is configured for:
obtaining information indicating a plurality of sets of terminals, each set of terminals being a subset of the plurality of terminals;
associating a joint communication quality to each set of terminals;
determining a highest communication quality from the associated joint communication qualities and control the communication such that the set of terminals is scheduled with the communication to which the highest communication quality is associated;
determining that the joint communication quality of a set is below a quality threshold value;
determining a liable terminal from the determined set of terminals, the liable terminal being liable for the joint communication quality being below the quality threshold value; and
controlling the communication such that communication of a different type is scheduled to the liable terminal.

### Claim 15 (depends on 14)

The control unit according to claim 14, wherein the control unit is located at least partially as part of the satellite or at least partially as part of a gateway.

### Claim 16

A satellite comprising a control unit configured to control a communication between a satellite and a plurality of terminals, such that communication is scheduled to a terminal, the communication being one of at least a set-wise first type having a common pre-coding for a set of terminals and a second type, wherein the control unit is configured for:
determining a joint communication quality for a set of terminals from the plurality of terminals using a joint communication information of the set of terminals;
determining that the joint communication quality is below a quality threshold value;
determining a liable terminal from the set of terminals, the liable terminal being liable for the joint communication quality being below the quality threshold value; and
controlling the communication such that communication of the second type is scheduled to the liable terminal; and
a control unit configured to control a communication between a satellite and a plurality of terminals, wherein the control unit is configured for controlling the communication such that a set-wise communication having a common pre-coding is scheduled for a set of terminals, wherein the control unit is configured for:
obtaining information indicating a plurality of sets of terminals, each set of terminals being a subset of the plurality of terminals;
associating a joint communication quality to each set of terminals;
determining a highest communication quality from the associated joint communication qualities and control the communication such that the set of terminals is scheduled with the communication to which the highest communication quality is associated.

### Claim 17

A gateway comprising a control unit configured to control a communication between a satellite and a plurality of terminals, such that communication is scheduled to a terminal, the communication being one of at least a set-wise first type having a common pre-coding for a set of terminals and a second type, wherein the control unit is configured for:
determining a joint communication quality for a set of terminals from the plurality of terminals using a joint communication information of the set of terminals;
determining that the joint communication quality is below a quality threshold value;
determining a liable terminal from the set of terminals, the liable terminal being liable for the joint communication quality being below the quality threshold value; and
controlling the communication such that communication of the second type is scheduled to the liable terminal; and
a control unit configured to control a communication between a satellite and a plurality of terminals, wherein the control unit is configured for controlling the communication such that a set-wise communication having a common pre-coding is scheduled for a set of terminals, wherein the control unit is configured for:
obtaining information indicating a plurality of sets of terminals, each set of terminals being a subset of the plurality of terminals;
associating a joint communication quality to each set of terminals;
determining a highest communication quality from the associated joint communication qualities and control the communication such that the set of terminals is scheduled with the communication to which the highest communication quality is associated.

### Claim 18

A wireless communication network comprising:
a plurality of terminals;
a control unit configured to control a communication between a satellite and a plurality of terminals, such that communication is scheduled to a terminal, the communication being one of at least a set-wise first type having a common pre-coding for a set of terminals and a second type,
wherein the control unit is configured for:
determining a joint communication quality for a set of terminals from the plurality of terminals using a joint communication information of the set of terminals;
determining that the joint communication quality is below a quality threshold value;
determining a liable terminal from the set of terminals, the liable terminal being liable for the joint communication quality being below the quality threshold value; and
controlling the communication such that communication of the second type is scheduled to the liable terminal;
a control unit configured to control a communication between a satellite and a plurality of terminals, wherein the control unit is configured for controlling the communication such that a set-wise communication having a common pre-coding is scheduled for a set of terminals, wherein the control unit is configured for:
obtaining information indicating a plurality of sets of terminals, each set of terminals being a subset of the plurality of terminals;
associating a joint communication quality to each set of terminals;
determining a highest communication quality from the associated joint communication qualities and control the communication such that the set of terminals is scheduled with the communication to which the highest communication quality is associated; and
at least one satellite operated by a gateway.

### Claim 19

Method for operating a control unit configured to control a communication between a satellite and a plurality of terminals, wherein the control unit is configured for controlling the communication such that communication is scheduled to a terminal, the communication being one of at least a set-wise first type having a common pre-coding for a set of terminals and a second type, wherein the method comprises:
determining a joint communication quality for a set of terminals from the plurality of terminals using a joint communication information of the set of terminals;
determining that the joint communication quality is below a quality threshold value;
determining a liable terminal from the set of terminals, the liable terminal being liable for the joint communication quality being below the quality threshold value; and
controlling the satellite so as to schedule communication of the second type to the liable terminal.

### Claim 20

Method for operating a control unit configured to control a communication between a satellite and a plurality of terminals, wherein the control unit is configured for controlling the communication such that a set-wise communication is scheduled for a set of terminals, wherein the method comprises:
obtaining information indicating a plurality of sets of terminals, each set of terminals being a subset of the plurality of terminals;
associating a joint communication quality for each set of terminals; and
determining a highest communication quality from the associated joint communication qualities and control the communication such that the set of terminals is scheduled with the set-wise communication to which the highest communication quality is associated;
determining that the joint communication quality of a set is below a quality threshold value;
determining a liable terminal from the determined set of terminals, the liable terminal being liable for the join communication quality being below the quality threshold value; and
controlling the communication such that communication of a different type is scheduled to the liable terminal.

### Claim 21

A non-transitory digital storage medium having a computer program stored thereon to perform the method for operating a control unit configured to control a communication between a satellite and a plurality of terminals, wherein the control unit is configured for controlling the communication such that communication is scheduled to a terminal, the communication being one of at least a set-wise first type having a common pre-coding for a set of terminals and a second type, wherein the method comprises:
determining a joint communication quality for a set of terminals from the plurality of terminals using a joint communication information of the set of terminals;
determining that the joint communication quality is below a quality threshold value;
determining a liable terminal from the set of terminals, the liable terminal being liable for the joint communication quality being below the quality threshold value; and
controlling the satellite so as to schedule communication of the second type to the liable terminal,
when said computer program is run by a computer.

### Claim 22

A non-transitory digital storage medium having a computer program stored thereon to perform the method for operating a control unit configured to control a communication between a satellite and a plurality of terminals, wherein the control unit is configured for controlling the communication such that a set-wise communication is scheduled for a set of terminals, wherein the method comprises:
obtaining information indicating a plurality of sets of terminals, each set of terminals being a subset of the plurality of terminals;
associating a joint communication quality for each set of terminals; and
determining a highest communication quality from the associated joint communication qualities and control the communication such that the set of terminals is scheduled with the set-wise communication to which the highest communication quality is associated;
determining that the joint communication quality of a set is below a quality threshold value;
determining a liable terminal from the determined set of terminals, the liable terminal being liable for the joint communication quality being below the quality threshold value; and
controlling the communication such that communication of a different type is scheduled to the liable terminal,
when said computer program is run by a computer.