# US 12,003,201 B2 · Method for controlling an electric machine and drive system for a vehicle > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 12,003,201 B2 - Document ID: US12003201B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 17/075,823 - Filed: 2020-10-21 - Published: 2021-04-22 - Granted: 2024-06-04 - Earliest claimed: 2019-10-22 - Assignees: Dr. Ing. h.c. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft - Applicants: Dr. Ing. h.c. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft - Inventors: Johannes Wende; Robert Nelles; Thomas Hubert - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US12003201B2 ## CPC - H02P 27/08: with pulse width modulation - B60L 15/20: for control of the vehicle or its driving motor to achieve a desired performance, e.g. speed, torque, programmed variation of speed - B60W 10/08: including control of electric propulsion units, e.g. motors or generators - H02P 25/22: Multiple windings; Windings for more than three phases - B60L 2220/56: with switched windings - B60L 2220/58: with more than three phases - Y02T 10/64: Electric machine technologies in electromobility - Y02T 10/72: Electric energy management in electromobility - H02P: CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS - B60L: PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES (arrangements or mounting of electrical propulsion units or of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion in vehicles B60K1/00, B60K6/20; arrangements or mounting of electrical gearing in vehicles B60K17/12, B60K17/14; preventing wheel slip by reducing power in rail vehicles B61C15/08; dynamo-electric machines H02K; control or regulation of electric motors H02P); SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES (electric coupling devices combined with mechanical couplings of vehicles B60D1/64; electric heating for vehicles B60H1/00); ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL (control or regulation of electric motors H02P); MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES - B60W: CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT - Y02T: CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION ## Abstract A method for controlling an electric machine, in particular a permanent magnet synchronous machine, having a first, in particular three-phase, winding system, which is controlled by a first converter, and having a second, in particular three-phase, winding system, which is controlled by a second converter. The first converter is operated with block commutation and the second converter is operated with pulse width modulation, in particular space vector modulation. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A traction drive system for a vehicle comprising: a permanent magnet synchronous electric machine including a first winding system and a second winding system, a first converter connected to the first winding system, a second converter connected to the second winding system, and a control device configured to (i) operate the first converter with block commutation and (ii) operate the second converter with pulse width modulation, wherein the electric machine comprises a stator having a plurality of slots, each slot having two radial positions in which phase conductors of the first winding system and the second winding system are arranged, wherein a first phase conductor of the first winding system is arranged in a different radial position in a first slot than in a second slot, and wherein the first winding system and the second winding system are connected in antiparallel, and wherein the first converter and the second converter comprise different semiconductor switches and the semiconductor switches have different switching states. ### Claim 2 A traction drive system for a vehicle comprising: a permanent magnet synchronous electric machine including a first winding system and a second winding system, a first converter connected to the first winding system, a second converter connected to the second winding system, and a control device configured to (i) operate the first converter with block commutation and (ii) operate the second converter with pulse width modulation, wherein the electric machine comprises a stator having a plurality of slots, each slot having two radial positions in which phase conductors of the first winding system and the second winding system are arranged, wherein a first phase conductor of the first winding system is arranged in a different radial position in a first slot than in a second slot, wherein the first converter and the second converter are operated in phase, and wherein the first converter and the second converter comprise different semiconductor switches and the semiconductor switches have identical switching states. ### Claim 3 A traction drive system for a vehicle comprising: a permanent magnet synchronous electric machine including a first winding system and a second winding system, a first converter connected to the first winding system, a second converter connected to the second winding system, and a control device configured to (i) operate the first converter with block commutation and (ii) operate the second converter with pulse width modulation, wherein the electric machine comprises a stator having a plurality of slots, each slot having two radial positions in which phase conductors of the first winding system and the second winding system are arranged, wherein a first phase conductor of the first winding system is arranged in a different radial position in a first slot than in a second slot, wherein the first winding system and the second winding system are connected in antiparallel, and wherein the first phase conductor of the first winding system and a second phase conductor of the second winding system are controlled in antiphase, such that currents having opposite current directions flow in the first phase conductor and the second phase conductor. ### Claim 4 (depends on 3) The drive system as claimed in claim 3, wherein the pulse width modulation is space vector modulation. ### Claim 5 (depends on 3) The drive system as claimed in claim 3, wherein each winding system is a three-phase winding system. ### Claim 6 (depends on 3) The drive system as claimed in claim 3, wherein a common link circuit, having a common link circuit capacitor, is connected to the first converter and the second converter. ### Claim 7 (depends on 3) A electric vehicle or a hybrid vehicle having the drive system as claimed in claim 3. ### Claim 8 (depends on 3) The drive system as claimed in claim 3, wherein the first winding system and the second winding system are connected in parallel. ### Claim 9 (depends on 3) The drive system as claimed in claim 3, wherein the first converter and the second converter are operated in antiphase. ### Claim 10 (depends on 3) The drive system as claimed in claim 3, wherein the first converter and the second converter comprise different semiconductor switches, wherein the semiconductor switches of the second converter have a higher maximum switching frequency than the semiconductor switches of the first converter. ### Claim 11 (depends on 10) The drive system as claimed in claim 10, wherein the semiconductor switches of the second converter comprise Silicon Carbide (“SiC”) metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors (“MOSFETs”) or gallium nitride (“GaN”) field-effect transistors (“FETs”), and wherein the semiconductor switches of the first converter comprise silicon-insulated-gate bipolar transistors (“Si IGBTs”). ### Claim 12 (depends on 3) The drive system as claimed in claim 3, wherein at least a first phase conductor of the first winding system and a second phase conductor of the second winding system are arranged in each of the slots. ### Claim 13 (depends on 12) The drive system as claimed in claim 12, wherein the first phase conductor is arranged in all the radial positions.