# US 12,003,174 B2 · Pole compensation in reconfigurable power converter > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 12,003,174 B2 - Document ID: US12003174B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 18/152,838 - Filed: 2023-01-11 - Published: 2023-11-02 - Granted: 2024-06-04 - Earliest claimed: 2018-09-24 - Assignees: pSemi Corporation - Applicants: pSemi Corporation - Inventors: Gregory Szczeszynski - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US12003174B2 ## CPC - H02M 3/07: using capacitors charged and discharged alternately by semiconductor devices with control electrode {, e.g. charge pumps} - H02M 1/42: Circuits or arrangements for compensating for or adjusting power factor in converters or inverters - H02M 3/156: with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators - H02M 1/0003: {Details of control, feedback or regulation circuits} - H02M 1/007: {Plural converter units in cascade (push-pull DC/DC converters with pre-regulator H02M3/3374; DC-AC converters following a DC-DC stage including a high frequency transformer H02M7/4807; DC-AC converters following a DC-DC conversion stage generating periodically varying voltages H02M7/4826)} - H02M: APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF (transformers H01F; dynamo-electric converters H02K47/00; controlling transformers, reactors or choke coils, control or regulation of electric motors, generators or dynamo-electric converters H02P) ## Abstract In a power converter that includes a switched-capacitor circuit connected to a switched-inductor circuit, reconfiguration logic causes the switched-capacitor circuit to transition between first and second switched-capacitor configurations with different voltage-transformation ratios. A compensator compensates for a change in the power converter's forward-transfer function that would otherwise result from the transition between the two switched-capacitor configurations. ## Claims ### Claim 1 An apparatus comprising: a controller to generate one or more control signals; and a compensator to compensate for a change in a gain of a power converter based, at least in part, on the one or more control signals, the gain is to be based, at least in part, on a transition between a first and a second power converter configurations, wherein the compensator to comprise a first compensation circuit to compensate for one or more linear properties of a change in at least one transfer function of the power converter, the first compensation circuit to receive a voltage from a second compensation circuit, the second compensation circuit to compensate for one or more non-linear properties of the change. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first compensation circuit is an internal compensation circuit, and the second compensation circuit is an external compensation circuit. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first compensation circuit is an external compensation circuit, and the second compensation circuit is an internal compensation circuit. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the power converter to include at least a charge pump and a regulator to be coupled to the charge pump. ### Claim 5 (depends on 4) The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the first and the second power converter configurations to comprise configurations with respect to the charge pump and/or the regulator. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the at least one transfer function to comprise at least one forward transfer function. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first and the second power converter configurations to correspond to a first and a second voltage transformation ratios, and the first and the second voltage transformation ratios to be different from each other. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the power converter to comprise a buck-boost power converter. ### Claim 9 (depends on 1) The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the at least one transfer function to include a compensator transfer function, a zero of the compensator transfer function to move in frequency steps to be based, at least in part, on the transition between the first and the second power converter configurations. ### Claim 10 (depends on 9) The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the second power converter configuration to include a transfer function with a pole that is to change frequency, and wherein the compensator transfer function to include a zero that is to chase the pole in an associated frequency space. ### Claim 11 (depends on 9) The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the second power converter configuration to include a transfer function with a pole to include a pole frequency, wherein the second power converter configuration to include a compensator configuration to define a gap between a zero frequency corresponding to the compensator configuration and the pole frequency, the zero frequency to correspond to a frequency of a zero to be associated with the compensator configuration. ### Claim 12 (depends on 11) The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the compensator configuration to further define a set of gaps, a particular gap of the set of gaps to correspond to a difference between the pole frequency and a zero frequency of at least one of the compensator configuration, and wherein the compensator transfer function to have a zero so as to minimize a gap between the zero and the pole in an associated frequency space. ### Claim 13 (depends on 9) The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the second power converter configuration to include a transfer function with a pole that is to change frequency, and wherein the compensator transfer function to include a zero to have the same frequency as the pole. ### Claim 14 (depends on 1) The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the at least one transfer function to include at least a charge pump transfer function and a compensator transfer function, wherein, with the power converter in the second power converter configuration, a double pole of the charge pump transfer function to move to a lower frequency. ### Claim 15 (depends on 14) The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the compensator to lower a zero frequency of the compensator transfer function based, at least in part, on the move of the double pole of the charge pump to the lower frequency. ### Claim 16 (depends on 1) The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the compensator to compensate for the change in the gain to include a compensation in a change in a distribution of poles and/or zeros in a frequency domain of the at least one transfer function to occur based, at least in part, on the transition between the first and the second power converter configurations. ### Claim 17 An apparatus comprising: a controller to generate one or more control signals; and a compensator to compensate for a change in a gain of a power converter based, at least in part, on the one or more control signals, the gain is to be based, at least in part, on a transition between a first and a second power converter configurations, wherein the change in the gain to include a change in at least one transfer function of the power converter, wherein the at least one transfer function to include at least a charge pump transfer function and a compensator transfer function, wherein, with the power converter in the second power converter configuration, a double pole of the charge pump transfer function to move to a lower frequency, and wherein the compensator to lower a zero frequency of the compensator transfer function based, at least in part, on the move of the double pole of the charge pump to the lower frequency. ### Claim 18 (depends on 17) The apparatus of claim 17, wherein the compensator to lower the zero frequency of the compensator transfer function in steps. ### Claim 19 An apparatus comprising: a controller to generate one or more control signals; and a compensator to compensate for a change in a gain of a power converter based, at least in part, on the one or more control signals, wherein the change in the gain to include a change in at least one transfer function of the power converter, wherein the compensator to comprise an internal compensation circuit and an external compensation circuit to be coupled to the internal compensation circuit, the internal compensation circuit to receive a voltage from the external compensation circuit, and wherein the compensation for the change in the gain to be split between the internal compensation circuit and the external compensation circuit, the internal compensation circuit to compensate for one or more linear properties of the at least one transfer function and the external compensation circuit to compensate for one or more non-linear properties of the at least one transfer function, wherein the first and the second power converter configurations to correspond to a first and a second voltage transformation ratios, and the first and the second voltage transformation ratios to be different from each other. ### Claim 20 (depends on 19) The apparatus of claim 19, wherein the internal compensation circuit is formed in the same semiconductor die as the power converter.