# US 12,003,040 B2 · Transmitarray antenna cell

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- Number: US 12,003,040 B2
- Document ID: US12003040B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 17/660,849
- Filed: 2022-04-27
- Published: 2022-11-10
- Granted: 2024-06-04
- Earliest claimed: 2021-05-07
- Assignees: Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Et Aux Energies Alternatives
- Applicants: Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives
- Inventors: Francesco Foglia Manzillo; Antonio Clemente; Maciej Smierzchalski
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US12003040B2

## CPC

- H01Q 3/46: Active lenses or reflecting arrays
- H01Q 15/02: Refracting or diffracting devices, e.g. lens, prism
- H01Q 15/242: {Polarisation converters}
- H01Q 19/06: using refracting or diffracting devices, e.g. lens {(radome H01Q1/42)}
- H01Q 21/245: {provided with means for varying the polarisation (polarising devices H01Q15/24; tracking by comparing linear polarisation compounds G01S3/146; reducing depolarisation effects H04B7/00; polarisation diversity H04B7/10)}
- H01Q 1/288: {Satellite antennas}
- H01Q: ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS (radiators or antennas for microwave heating H05B6/72)

## Abstract

A transmitarray cell (105) comprises a first antenna element (105a) adapted to switching between two phase states, a second antenna element (105b) adapted to switching between two other phase states and between two circular polarization directions and a coupler (201) coupling the first antenna element to the second antenna element.

## Claims

### Claim 1

Cell of a transmit array comprising:
a first antenna element adapted to switching between two phase states;
a second antenna element adapted to switching between two other phase states and between two circular polarization directions; and
a coupler coupling the first antenna element to the second antenna element.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The cell according to claim 1, wherein:
the first antenna element is located on a first surface of the cell;
the second antenna element is located on a second surface of the cell, opposite to the first surface; and
the coupler is located between the first and second surfaces of the cell.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

Cell according to claim 1, wherein the first antenna element comprises:
a conductive frame;
an output terminal, located inside of the conductive frame; and
first and second switching elements coupling the conductive frame to the output terminal.

### Claim 4 (depends on 3)

Cell according to claim 3, wherein:
a first conduction terminal of the first switching element is connected to the conductive frame;
a second conduction terminal of the first switching element is connected to the output terminal of the first antenna element;
a first conduction terminal of the second switching element is connected to the frame by a first delay line adapted to introducing, on the output terminal of the first antenna element, a phase shift equal to approximately 90° with respect to an incident signal on the first antenna element; and
a second conduction terminal of the second switching element is connected to the output terminal of the first antenna element.

### Claim 5 (depends on 3)

Cell according to claim 3, wherein the output terminal of the first antenna element is connected to an input terminal of the coupler by a first conductive via.

### Claim 6 (depends on 1)

Cell according to claim 1, wherein the coupler comprises first, second, third, and fourth output terminals, the coupler being adapted to introducing, on its second and fourth output terminals, a phase shift equal to approximately 90° with respect to a signal present on its first and third output terminals.

### Claim 7 (depends on 6)

Cell according to claim 6, wherein first, second, third, and fourth input terminals of the second antenna element are respectively connected to the first, second, third, and fourth output terminals of the coupler by four second conductive vias.

### Claim 8 (depends on 7)

Cell according to claim 7, wherein the second antenna element comprises:
a conductive ring; and
third, fourth, fifth, and sixth switching elements comprising first conduction elements respectively connected to the first, second, third, and fourth input terminals of the second antenna element and second conduction terminals respectively connected to first, second, third, and fourth points of the conductive ring.

### Claim 9 (depends on 8)

Cell according to claim 8, wherein the first and third points of the conductive ring are diametrically opposite and the second and fourth points of the conductive ring are diametrically opposite, the diameter having the first and third points located thereon being orthogonal to the diameter having the second and fourth points located thereon.

### Claim 10 (depends on 9)

Cell according to claim 9, wherein the second antenna element further comprises second, third, fourth, and fifth delay lines, each introducing a phase shift equal to approximately 180° and each comprising a first end connected to one of the first, second, third, and fourth input terminals of the second antenna element and a second end connected to one of the first, second, third, and fourth points of the conductive ring.

### Claim 11 (depends on 9)

Cell according to claim 9, wherein the second antenna element further comprises second and third delay lines, each introducing a phase shift equal to approximately 180°, the second delay line connecting the second point of the conductive ring to the fourth point of the conductive ring and the third delay line connecting the first point of the conductive ring to the third point of the conductive ring.

### Claim 12 (depends on 1)

Transmit array comprising a plurality of cells according to claim 1.

### Claim 13 (depends on 12)

Antenna comprising a transmit array according to claim 12 and at least one source configured to irradiate a surface of the array.