# US 12,002,045 B2 · Resource management system and method of operation thereof

> Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt

- Number: US 12,002,045 B2
- Document ID: US12002045B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 16/978,844
- Filed: 2019-03-08
- Published: 2020-12-31
- Granted: 2024-06-04
- Earliest claimed: 2018-03-08
- Applicants: Uvue Ltd
- Inventors: Troels Ronnow; Jonathan Ward; Toby William Simpson
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US12002045B2

## CPC

- G06Q 20/401: {Transaction verification}
- G06F 16/2379: {Updates performed during online database operations; commit processing}
- G06Q 20/382: {insuring higher security of transaction}
- H04L 9/3218: {using proof of knowledge, e.g. Fiat-Shamir, GQ, Schnorr, ornon-interactive zero-knowledge proofs}
- H04L 9/3239: {involving non-keyed hash functions, e.g. modification detection codes [MDCs], MD5, SHA or RIPEMD}
- H04L 63/1441: {Countermeasures against malicious traffic (countermeasures against attacks on cryptographic mechanisms H04L9/002)}
- G06Q 2220/00: Business processing using cryptography
- H04L 9/50: {using hash chains, e.g. blockchains or hash trees}
- H04L 2209/56: Financial cryptography, e.g. electronic payment or e-cash
- G06Q: INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06F: ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING (computer systems based on specific computational models G06N)
- H04L: TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION (arrangements common to telegraphic and telephonic communication H04M)

## Abstract

Disclosed is a resource management system that maintains records relating to transactions associated with resources, wherein the system is implemented as a distributed ledger arrangement including data processing nodes that are coupled via a data communication network. The records are maintained in corresponding chains, wherein each chain includes a temporally defined sequence of verified entries and each entry defines corresponding transactions. When new entry is to be made to a given chain, information concerning the new entry is communicated to the data processing nodes for verification thereof. The system records the new entry when verified, to its corresponding given chain. The system includes a filter arrangement for limiting communication regarding the new entry to be made only to a subset of the data processing nodes of the system for verifying the new entry.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A resource management system that is configured to maintain records relating to transactions associated with resources, wherein the resource management system is implemented as a distributed ledger arrangement including data processing nodes that are mutually coupled via a data communication network, wherein:
(i) the records are maintained in corresponding chains, wherein each chain includes a temporally defined sequence of verified entries, wherein each entry defines one or more corresponding transactions relating to one or more resources, wherein the one or more resources are grouped into chains and wherein, within each of the chains, the one or more resources are defined in sequences based on a time of transaction, and wherein the temporally defined sequence is also defined based on a time of transaction, wherein the one or more corresponding transactions are parallel transactions, wherein the resource management system is configured to split each chain into two or more further chains in order to scale the resource management system to accommodate one or more additional transactions and to increases a transaction capacity of the resource management system;
(ii) when at least one new entry is to be made to a given chain, information concerning the at least one new entry is communicated to the one or more data processing nodes of the resource management system for verifying whether or not the at least one new entry is valid for recording to the given chain;
(iii) the resource management system includes a filter arrangement for limiting communication regarding the at least one new entry such that the communication regarding at least one new entry is to be made only to a subset of the one or more data processing nodes,
wherein the filter arrangement is operable to identify the subset of one or more data processing nodes from the one or more data processing nodes included in the distributed ledger arrangement that are capable of identifying and authenticating one or more resources associated with the one or more additional transactions,
wherein the filter arrangement is configured to pre-select the subset of the one or more data processing nodes of the resource management system for balancing data processing and/or data communication load associated with the one or more chains within the resource management system, wherein the one or more data processing nodes that are pre-selected to verify entry of the earlier one or more transactions of the parties associated with one or more transactions associated with the at least one new entry to be validated, are configured to verify the at least one new entry to the given chain by communicating to chains having relevance and a direct or indirect association with the new entry to reduce an amount of computing effort and data communication occurring within the resource management system required for processing the at least one new entry;
(iv) the resource management system is configured to record the at least one new entry when verified, to determine a validity of the transactions to its corresponding given chain.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

A resource management system of claim 1, wherein the pre-selection of the subset of the one or more data processing nodes depending upon at least one of:
(i) information relating to a plurality of earlier entries recorded in the given chain to which the at least new entry to be verified is to be recorded;
(ii) a group of resources that are mutually related for which the at least one new entry to be verified;
(iii) a group of transactions that are mutually related for which the at least one new entry to be validated;
(iv) information relating to parties associated with one or more transactions associated with the at least one new entry to be verified;
(v) a group of chains that are mutually related, and that are related to the at least one new entry to be verified;
(vi) a manner in which one or more chains have been previously split into one or more daughter chains onto which the at least one new entry is to be recorded;
(vii) information relating to proof-of-work, proof-of-stake, election of the at least new entry to be verified relating to one or more resources associated with the at least one new entry to be verified;
(viii) management of responsibility across the one or more data processing nodes when data is distributed across one or more chains associated with the at least one new entry to be verified; and
(ix) a grouping of resources that are frequently traded with one and another.

### Claim 3 (depends on 2)

A resource management system of claim 2, wherein the resource management system includes a resolution arrangement for resolving conflicting validations for the at least one new entry to be recorded against one or more chains, wherein the resolution arrangement is controlled based upon a consensus from a plurality of proofs provided in response to conflicting validations arising within the resource management system.

### Claim 4 (depends on 3)

A resource management system of claim 3, wherein the at least one new entry concerns a plurality of new entries, wherein the resource management system is operable to verify the plurality of new entries simultaneously when more than one subset of data processing nodes are pre-selected.

### Claim 5 (depends on 1)

A resource management system of claim 1, wherein the verification is performed by providing at least one of: replication, proof of work, proof of stake.

### Claim 6

A method of operating a resource management system that is configured to maintain records relating to transactions associated with one or more resources, wherein the resource management system is implemented as a distributed ledger arrangement including data processing nodes that are mutually coupled via a data communication network, wherein the method includes:
(i) maintaining the records in corresponding chains, wherein each chain includes a temporally defined sequence of verified entries, wherein each entry defines one or more corresponding transactions relating to one or more resources,
wherein the one or more resources are grouped into chains and wherein, within each of the chains, the one or more resources are defined in sequences based on a time of transaction, and wherein the temporally defined sequence is also defined based on a time of transaction, wherein the one or more corresponding transactions are parallel transactions,
wherein the resource management system is configured to split each chain into two or more further chains in order to scale the resource management system to accommodate one or more additional transactions and to increases a transaction capacity of the resource management system;
(ii) when at least one new entry is to be made to a given chain, communicating information concerning the at least one new entry to the one or more data processing nodes of the resource management system for verifying whether or not the at least one new entry is valid for recording to the given chain;
(iii) using a filter arrangement of the resource management system for limiting communication regarding the at least one new entry such that the communication regarding at least one new entry is to be made only to a subset of the one or more data processing nodes,
wherein the filter arrangement is operable to identify the subset of one or more data processing nodes from the one or more data processing nodes included in the distributed ledger arrangement that are capable of identifying and authenticating one or more resources associated with the one or more additional transactions,
wherein the filter arrangement pre-selects the subset of the one or more data processing nodes of the resource management system for balancing data processing and/or data communication load associated with the one or more chains within the resource management system, wherein the one or more data processing nodes that are pre-selected to verify entry of the earlier one or more transactions of the parties associated with one or more transactions associated with the at least one new entry to be validated, are configured to verify the at least one new entry to the given chain by communicating to chains having relevance and a direct or indirect association with the new entry to reduce an amount of computing effort and data communication occurring within the resource management system required for processing the at least one new entry;
(iv) using the resource management system to record the at least one new entry when verified, to determine a validity of the transactions to its corresponding given chain.

### Claim 7 (depends on 6)

A method of claim 6, wherein the pre-selection of the subset of the one or more data processing nodes depending upon at least one of:
(i) information relating to a plurality of earlier entries recorded in the given chain to which the at least new entry to be verified is to be recorded;
(ii) a group of resources that are mutually related for which the at least one new entry to be verified;
(iii) a group of transactions that are mutually related for which the at least one new entry to be verified;
(iv) information relating to parties associated with one or more transactions associated with the at least one new entry to be verified;
(v) a group of chains that are mutually related, and that are related to the at least one new entry to be verified;
(vi) a manner in which one or more chains have been previously split into one or more daughter chains onto which the at least one new entry is to be recorded;
(vii) information relating to proof-of-work, proof-of-stake, election of the at least new entry to be verified relating to one or more resources associated with the at least one new entry to be verified;
(viii) management of responsibility across the one or more data processing nodes when data is distributed across one or more chains associated with the at least one new entry to be verified; and
(ix) a grouping of resources that are frequently traded with one and another.

### Claim 8 (depends on 7)

A method of claim 7, wherein the method includes using the resource management system to process the at least one new entry when concerning a plurality of new entries to be recorded simultaneously, wherein the resource management system is operable to process the plurality of new entries in parallel.

### Claim 9 (depends on 6)

A method of claim 6, wherein the verification is performed by providing at least one of: replication, proof of work, proof of stake.