# US 12,001,033 B2 · Methods for making compositions of materials for forming coatings and layered structures including elements for scattering and passing selectively tunable wavelengths of electromagnetic energy

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- Number: US 12,001,033 B2
- Document ID: US12001033B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 18/070,416
- Filed: 2022-11-28
- Published: 2023-04-13
- Granted: 2024-06-04
- Earliest claimed: 2017-01-25
- Assignees: Face International Corporation
- Applicants: Face International Corporation
- Inventors: Clark D Boyd; Bradbury R Face; Jeffrey D Shepard
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US12001033B2

## CPC

- G02B 5/0294: {adapted to provide an additional optical effect, e.g. anti-reflection or filter}
- C08K 9/10: Encapsulated ingredients
- C09D 5/006: {Anti-reflective coatings}
- C23C 16/45525: {Atomic layer deposition [ALD]}
- G02B 5/0226: {having particles on the surface}
- G02B 5/0278: {used in transmission}
- G02B 5/285: {comprising deposited thin solid films (G02B5/281 - G02B5/289 take precedence; multilayered film filters for fibre optic multiplexing G02B6/29361)}
- B05D 1/02: performed by spraying
- B05D 5/065: {having colour interferences or colour shifts or opalescent looking, flip-flop, two tones}
- G02B: OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- C08K: Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients (paints, inks, varnishes, dyes, polishes, adhesives C09)
- C09D: COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR (cosmetics A61K; processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces, in general, B05D; staining wood B27K5/02; glazes or vitreous enamels C03C; natural resins, French polish, drying-oils, driers, turpentine, per se, C09F; polishing compositions other than French polish, ski waxes C09G; adhesives or use of materials as adhesives C09J; materials for sealing or packing joints or covers C09K3/10; materials for stopping leaks C09K3/12; processes for the electrolytic or electrophoretic production of coatings C25D)
- C23C: COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL (making metal-coated products by extrusion B21C23/22; covering with metal by connecting pre-existing layers to articles, see the relevant places, e.g. B21D39/00, B23K; metallising of glass C03C; metallising mortars, concrete, artificial stone, ceramics or natural stone C04B41/00; enamelling of, or applying a vitreous layer to, metals C23D; treating metal surfaces or coating of metals by electrolysis or electrophoresis C25D; single-crystal film growth C30B; by metallising textiles D06M11/83; decorating textiles by locally metallising D06Q1/04)
- B05D: PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL (conveying articles or workpieces through baths of liquid B65G, e.g. B65G49/02)

## Abstract

Methods are provided for forming a particular multi-layer micron-sized particle that is substantially transparent, yet that exhibits selectable coloration based on its physical properties. The disclosed physical properties of the particle are controllably selectable refractive indices to provide an opaque-appearing energy transmissive material when pluralities of the particles are suspended in a substantially transparent matrix material. Multiply-layered (up to 30+ constituent layers) particles result in an overall particle diameter of less than 5 microns. The material suspensions render the particles deliverable as aspirated or aerosol compositions onto substrates to form layers that selectively scatter specific wavelengths of electromagnetic energy while allowing remaining wavelengths of the incident energy to pass. The disclosed particles and material compositions uniquely implement optical light scattering techniques in energy (or light) transmissive layers that appear selectively opaque, while allowing 80+% of the energy impinging on the light incident side to pass through the layers.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A method for making an aerosol-deliverable material composition, comprising:
providing a substantially transparent liquid binder material; and
suspending a plurality of multi-layered transparent particles in the liquid binder material, each of the plurality of multi-layered transparent particles comprising:
a spherical core comprised of a first transparent dielectric material, the spherical core having a value of a physical diameter equal to a half wavelength of a first selected color of light component to be reflected by the particle modified by a refractive index of the first transparent dielectric material;
a plurality of material layers formed on the spherical core, each of the plurality of material layers comprising at least a second transparent dielectric material, and having a value of a physical thickness equal to a quarter wavelength of at least a second selected color of light component to be reflected by the particle modified by a refractive index of the at least the second transparent dielectric material; and
an applied outer coating comprised of another transparent dielectric material, the outer coating having a thickness, and the quantity of multi-layered transparent particles being of sufficient number, that provides a desired interstitial spacing of particles so as to substantially eliminate reflective interference between the colors of light reflected by the particles.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, modifying an index of refraction of the substantially transparent liquid binder material to be equal to the selected index of refraction of the applied outer coating.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, the substantially transparent liquid binder material being selected from a group consisting of synthetic or natural resins, alkyds, acrylics, vinyl-acrylics, vinyl acetate/ethylene (VAE), polyurethanes, polyesters, melamine resins, epoxy, and silanes or siloxane s.

### Claim 4 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, further comprising providing an adhesive additive to the substantially transparent liquid binder material, the adhesive additive facilitating adherence of the material composition to a surface.