# US 12,000,877 B2 · Atom-based closed-loop control for electromagnetic radiation measurement, communications, and information processing > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 12,000,877 B2 - Document ID: US12000877B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 18/173,290 - Filed: 2023-02-23 - Published: 2023-08-03 - Granted: 2024-06-04 - Earliest claimed: 2020-05-29 - Assignees: Rydberg Technologies Inc. - Applicants: Rydberg Technologies Inc. - Inventors: David A. Anderson; Georg Raithel - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US12000877B2 ## CPC - G01R 29/0885: {using optical probes, e.g. electro-optical, luminescent, glow discharge, or optical interferometers} - G01R 29/0892: {Details related to signal analysis or treatment; presenting results, e.g. displays; measuring specific signal features other than field strength, e.g. polarisation, field modes, phase, envelope, maximum value} - G01R 29/10: Radiation diagrams of antennas - G01R: MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES (indicating correct tuning of resonant circuits H03J3/12) ## Abstract A method for atom-based closed-loop control includes exciting atoms of a gas into one or more Rydberg states, applying one or more signal processing functions to the one or more Rydberg states, and regulating a characteristic of the applied one or more signal processing functions based on, at least in part, a response of the one or more Rydberg states to the one or more signal processing functions. A system for internal quantum-state-space interferometry includes an atomic receiver, an interferometric pathway, and a detector. The interferometer includes an atomic vapor with first atomic states and second atomic states. The interferometric pathway from RF phases between the first and second atomic states is closed by a quantum-state-space. The detector is configured to detect a readout of an interferometric signal. Embodiments include atom-based automatic level control, baseband processors, phase-locked loops, voltage transducers, raster RF imagers and waveform analyzers. ## Claims ### Claim 1 An atom-based closed-loop control system comprising: a compartment enclosing a gas of excited atoms comprising one or more Rydberg states, wherein the compartment is configured to be exposed to external electromagnetic radiation; a device configured to apply an input signal to the one or more Rydberg states; a detector configured to detect a response of the one or more Rydberg states due to an interaction of the one or more Rydberg states with the external electromagnetic radiation; and a controller configured to: adjust a characteristic of the applied input signal based on, at least in part, the detected response of the one or more Rydberg states to the external electromagnetic radiation, and provide semi-autonomous or autonomous closed-loop adjustment of the characteristic of the applied input signal based on the detected response. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The system of claim 1, wherein: the controller is further configured to adjust the characteristic of the applied input signal based on a characteristic of the external electromagnetic radiation, and the characteristic of the external electromagnetic radiation comprises a frequency, an amplitude, a phase, a polarization, a power, a direction of arrival, an angle of arrival, and/or a combination thereof. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The system of claim 1, wherein the controller is further configured to adjust a control signal and/or a processing signal based on the detected response of the one or more Rydberg states to the external electromagnetic radiation. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The system of claim 1, wherein the controller is further configured to adjust the characteristic based on differential feedback between the detected response and a set point. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The system of claim 1, wherein the controller is further configured to automatically adjust the characteristic based on the detected response. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The system of claim 1, wherein the device is further configured to apply a fiduciary RF electromagnetic wave or a reference local oscillator wave. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The system of claim 1, wherein the applied input signal comprises a plurality of fields for multi-field conditioning of the one or more Rydberg states. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The system of claim 1, wherein the characteristic and the detected response are electronically synchronized, frequency-locked, and/or phase-locked. ### Claim 9 (depends on 1) The system of claim 1, wherein the controller is further configured to determine an electromagnetic spectrum. ### Claim 10 (depends on 1) The system of claim 1, further comprising a multiplexer configured to parallelize or multiplex one or more combinations of optical and RF electromagnetic fields, interferometric pathways, and/or interferometric signals of the one or more Rydberg states. ### Claim 11 (depends on 10) The system of claim 10, wherein the multiplexer is configured to apply spatial, temporal, and/or frequency multiplexing. ### Claim 12 (depends on 10) The system of claim 10, wherein the multiplexer is configured to provide increased detected RF bandwidth. ### Claim 13 (depends on 1) The system of claim 1, wherein: the input signal comprises a plurality of laser beams, and the detected response is based on a multi-dimensional Doppler-match of parameters of the plurality of laser beams. ### Claim 14 (depends on 13) The system of claim 13, wherein the multi-dimensional Doppler-match of parameters of the plurality of laser beams comprises at least two laser beams arranged with angles to suppress Doppler shifts in one, two, and/or three dimensions. ### Claim 15 (depends on 14) The system of claim 14, wherein the plurality of laser beams comprises: three laser beams that are non-collinear to achieve a Doppler-match in two degrees of freedom, or four laser beams that are non-collinear to achieve a Doppler-match in three degrees of freedom. ### Claim 16 A method for atom-based closed-loop control, the method comprising: exciting atoms of a gas into one or more Rydberg states; applying an input signal to the one or more Rydberg states; detecting a response of the one or more Rydberg states due to an interaction of the one or more Rydberg states with external electromagnetic radiation; adjusting a characteristic of the applied input signal based on, at least in part, the detected response of the one or more Rydberg states to the external electromagnetic radiation; and providing semi-autonomous or autonomous closed-loop adjustment of the characteristic of the applied input signal based on the detected response. ### Claim 17 (depends on 16) The method of claim 16, further comprising automatically adjusting the characteristic based on the detected response. ### Claim 18 (depends on 16) The method of claim 16, further comprising analyzing modulated RF signals comprising communication protocols, Doppler shifts, and/or frequency chirps. ### Claim 19 (depends on 16) The method of claim 16, further comprising multiplexing one or more combinations of optical and RF electromagnetic fields, interferometric pathways, and/or interferometric signals of the one or more Rydberg states. ### Claim 20 A method for atom-based closed-loop control, the method comprising: exciting atoms of a gas into one or more Rydberg states; applying an input signal to the one or more Rydberg states; detecting a response of the one or more Rydberg states due to an interaction of the one or more Rydberg states with electromagnetic radiation; and adjusting a characteristic of the applied input signal based on, at least in part, the detected response of the one or more Rydberg states to the electromagnetic radiation, wherein detecting comprises multi-dimensional Doppler-matching of parameters of a plurality of laser beams of the input signal. ### Claim 21 (depends on 1) The system of claim 1, wherein the characteristic of the applied input signal comprises a frequency, an amplitude, a phase, a polarization, a power, a direction of arrival, an angle of arrival, and/or a combination thereof. ### Claim 22 (depends on 1) The system of claim 1, wherein the characteristic of the applied input signal comprises a laser frequency, an amplitude, a phase, and/or a polarization configured to excite or interact with the gas of excited atoms. ### Claim 23 (depends on 1) The system of claim 1, wherein: the applied input signal comprises an electromagnetic field, an electric field, and/or a magnetic field, and the characteristic of the applied input signal comprises a parameter of the electromagnetic field, the electric field, and/or the magnetic field. ### Claim 24 (depends on 1) The system of claim 1, wherein: the applied input signal comprises a laser beam, and the characteristic of the applied input signal comprises a parameter of the laser beam.