# US 11,999,257 B2 · Battery management method, battery device, and vehicle comprising battery device

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- Number: US 11,999,257 B2
- Document ID: US11999257B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 17/276,716
- Filed: 2020-01-03
- Published: 2022-02-03
- Granted: 2024-06-04
- Earliest claimed: 2019-01-04
- Assignees: LG Energy Solution, Ltd.
- Applicants: LG Chem, Ltd.
- Inventors: Hyeok Jae Lee
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US11999257B2

## CPC

- B60L 58/13: Maintaining the SoC within a determined range
- B60L 58/16: responding to battery ageing, e.g. to the number of charging cycles or the state of health [SoH]
- B60L 58/21: having the same nominal voltage
- G01R 31/382: Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC
- G01R 31/3842: combining voltage and current measurements
- G01R 31/392: Determining battery ageing or deterioration, e.g. state of health
- G01R 31/396: Acquisition or processing of data for testing or for monitoring individual cells or groups of cells within a battery
- H01M 10/425: {Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing (printed circuits H05K1/00)}
- H01M 2010/4271: {Battery management systems including electronic circuits, e.g. control of current or voltage to keep battery in healthy state, cell balancing}
- H01M 2010/4278: {Systems for data transfer from batteries, e.g. transfer of battery parameters to a controller, data transferred between battery controller and main controller}
- Y02E 60/10: Energy storage using batteries
- Y02T 10/70: Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
- B60L: PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES (arrangements or mounting of electrical propulsion units or of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion in vehicles B60K1/00, B60K6/20; arrangements or mounting of electrical gearing in vehicles B60K17/12, B60K17/14; preventing wheel slip by reducing power in rail vehicles B61C15/08; dynamo-electric machines H02K; control or regulation of electric motors H02P); SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES (electric coupling devices combined with mechanical couplings of vehicles B60D1/64; electric heating for vehicles B60H1/00); ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL (control or regulation of electric motors H02P); MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- G01R: MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES (indicating correct tuning of resonant circuits H03J3/12)
- H01M: PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- Y02E: REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02T: CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION

## Abstract

A battery device receives a state of charge (SOC) a SOC setting range, charge at least one battery pack, estimates a SOC based on state information of the at least one battery pack, monitors whether the estimated SOC reaches a charging reference value corresponding to an upper limit of the SOC setting range, and stops charging when it is confirmed through a result of the monitoring that the estimated SOC reaches the charging reference value. The SOC setting range may be determined based on driving information of a vehicle, and may be within a SOC limiting range in which degradation of battery cells included in the at least one battery pack is the lowest.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A battery management method, comprising:
receiving a state of charge (SOC) setting range;
charging at least one battery pack;
estimating, by a micro-controller unit (MCU) of a battery management system (BMS), a SOC of the at least one battery pack based on state information of the at least one battery pack;
monitoring whether the estimated SOC reaches a charging reference value corresponding to an upper limit of the SOC setting range; and
stopping charging when it is confirmed through a result of the monitoring that the estimated SOC reaches the charging reference value,
wherein the SOC setting range is determined based on driving information of a vehicle, and is within a SOC limiting range, wherein the SOC limiting range is predetermined to cause a lowest degree of degradation of battery cells of the at least one battery pack,
wherein the estimating the SOC includes:
estimating a first SOC, via a main estimator, using a first battery modeling method; and
estimating a second SOC, via an auxiliary estimator, using a second battery modeling method,
wherein the first battery modeling method estimates the first SOC of a current step based on information included in a SOC and state information of the at least one battery pack estimated in an immediately previous step by using an electrical circuit model, and
wherein the second battery modeling method uses an electrochemical model based on a chemical reaction occurring inside the at least one battery pack.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The battery management method of claim 1, further comprising deriving the SOC setting range based on the driving information.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

The battery management method of claim 1, further comprising:
monitoring whether the estimated SOC deviates from a lower limit of the SOC setting range; and
when the estimated SOC deviates from the lower limit of the SOC setting range, operating the at least one battery pack in a SOC range that is lower than the SOC setting range.

### Claim 4

A battery device, comprising:
at least one battery pack including a plurality of battery cells connected in series; and
a battery management system (BMS) configured to:
receive a state of charge (SOC) setting range,
estimate, via a micro-controller unit (MCU) of the BMS, a SOC of the at least one battery pack based on state information of the at least one battery pack, and
charge the at least one battery pack so that the estimated SOC reaches up to a charging reference value corresponding to an upper limit of the SOC setting range,
wherein the SOC setting range is determined based on driving information of a vehicle, and is within a SOC limiting range, wherein the SOC limiting range is predetermined to cause a lowest degree of degradation of battery cells of the at least one battery pack,
wherein the estimating the SOC includes:
estimating a first SOC, via a main estimator, using a first battery modeling method; and
estimating a second SOC, via an auxiliary estimator, using a second battery modeling method,
wherein the first battery modeling method estimates the first SOC of a current step based on information included in a SOC and state information of the at least one battery pack estimated in an immediately previous step by using an electrical circuit model, and
wherein the second battery modeling method uses an electrochemical model based on a chemical reaction occurring inside the at least one battery pack.

### Claim 5 (depends on 4)

The battery device of claim 4, wherein
the SOC setting range is derived based on the driving information.

### Claim 6 (depends on 4)

The battery device of claim 4, wherein
the battery device is configured to monitor whether the estimated SOC deviates from a lower limit of the SOC setting range, and
when the estimated SOC deviates from the lower limit of the SOC setting range, the battery device is configured to be operated in a SOC range that is lower than the SOC setting range.

### Claim 7 (depends on 4)

The battery device of claim 4, further comprising:
a voltage sensing control circuit configured to measure voltages at both ends of the at least one battery pack, and transmit information on the measured voltages to the battery management system; and
a current measuring sensor configured to measure a current flowing in the at least one battery pack and transmit information on the measured current to the battery management system,
wherein the state information of the at least one battery pack includes information on the measured voltages and information on the measured current.

### Claim 8

A vehicle comprising a battery device including:
at least one battery pack including a plurality of battery cells connected in series;
a battery management system (BMS) configured to:
receive a state of charge (SOC) setting range,
estimate, via a micro-controller unit (MCU) of the BMS, a SOC of the at least one battery pack based on state information of the at least one battery pack, and
charge the at least one battery pack until the estimated SOC reaches up to a charging reference value corresponding to an upper limit of the SOC setting range; and
a power converting circuit that converts power from the battery device, and supplies power to an electrical load,
wherein the SOC setting range is determined based on driving information of a vehicle, and is within a SOC limiting range, wherein the SOC limiting range is predetermined to cause a lowest degree of degradation of battery cells of the at least one battery pack,
wherein the estimating the SOC includes:
estimating a first SOC, via a main estimator, using a first battery modeling method; and
estimating a second SOC, via an auxiliary estimator, using a second battery modeling method,
wherein the first battery modeling method estimates the first SOC of a current step based on information included in a SOC and state information of the at least one battery pack estimated in an immediately previous step by using an electrical circuit model, and
wherein the second battery modeling method uses an electrochemical model based on a chemical reaction occurring inside the at least one battery pack.

### Claim 9 (depends on 8)

The vehicle of claim 8, further comprising
an interface that receives the SOC setting range from a user.

### Claim 10 (depends on 8)

The vehicle of claim 8, wherein the battery device is configured to:
monitor whether the estimated SOC deviates from a lower limit of the SOC setting range, and
operate in a SOC range that is lower than the SOC setting range when the estimated SOC deviates from the lower limit of the SOC setting range.

### Claim 11 (depends on 8)

The vehicle of claim 8, wherein the SOC setting range is derived based on the driving information.

### Claim 12 (depends on 8)

The vehicle of claim 8, wherein the battery device further includes:
a voltage sensing control circuit configured to measure voltages at both ends of the at least one battery pack and transmit information on the measured voltages to the battery management system; and
a current measuring sensor configured to measure a current flowing in the at least one battery pack and transmit information on the measured current to the battery management system, and
wherein the state information of the at least one battery pack includes information on the measured voltages and information on the measured current.