# US 11,999,004 B2 · Systems and methods for internal channel formation within a workpiece > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 11,999,004 B2 - Document ID: US11999004B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 17/585,085 - Filed: 2022-01-26 - Published: 2022-07-28 - Granted: 2024-06-04 - Earliest claimed: 2021-01-26 - Assignees: University of North Texas - Applicants: University of North Texas - Inventors: Dwight A. Burford; Rajiv Mishra - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US11999004B2 ## CPC - B23K 20/1215: {for other purposes than joining, e.g. built-up welding} - B23K 20/1255: {Tools therefor, e.g. characterised by the shape of the probe} - B23K: SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM ## Abstract A method of forming an internal channel within a workpiece. In an embodiment, the method includes (a) rotating a tool about a central axis, wherein the tool includes: a shoulder; a pin extending axially from the shoulder; and a flange mounted to the pin that is spaced from the shoulder along the central axis. In addition, the method includes (b) moving the tool across the workpiece in a radial direction with respect to the central axis during (a). Further, the method includes (c) engaging the shoulder of the tool with an outer surface of the workpiece during (a) and (b), (d) submerging the pin and the flange within the workpiece during (a) and (b); and (e) forming the internal channel with the flange during (a) and (b). ## Claims ### Claim 1 A method of forming an internal channel within a workpiece, the method comprising: (a) rotating a tool about a central axis, wherein the tool comprises: a tool body including a central axis and a shoulder; a pin projected outward from the shoulder along the central axis, wherein the pin includes a flange that is axially spaced from the shoulder along the central axis, wherein the shoulder includes a plurality of spiral grooves, wherein the flange includes a first surface, a second surface having spiral grooves thereon, and a radially outer surface extending between the first surface and the second surface, and wherein the first surface is frustoconical in shape; (b) moving the tool across the workpiece in a radial direction with respect to the central axis during (a); (c) engaging the shoulder of the tool with an outer surface of the workpiece during (a) and (b); (d) submerging the pin and the flange within the workpiece during (a) and (b); and (e) forming the internal channel with the flange during (a) and (b). ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein (e) comprises forming a deformed region within the workpiece, wherein the internal channel is positioned within the deformed region. ### Claim 3 (depends on 2) The method of claim 2, wherein the workpiece comprises a metal. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the flange includes a maximum radial width W2, wherein the pin has a maximum radial width W1, and wherein W2 is greater than W1. ### Claim 5 (depends on 4) The method of claim 4, wherein the shoulder comprises a plurality of spiral grooves. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the first surface includes a first plurality of spiral grooves, and wherein the second surface having the spiral grooves thereon comprises a second plurality of spiral grooves. ### Claim 7 A tool for forming an internal channel within a workpiece, the tool comprising: a tool body including a central axis and a shoulder; a pin projected outward from the shoulder along the central axis, wherein the pin includes a flange that is axially spaced from the shoulder along the central axis; wherein the shoulder includes a plurality of spiral grooves, wherein the flange includes a first surface, a second surface, and a radially outer surface extending between the first surface and the second surface, wherein the first surface is positioned axially between the second surface and the shoulder along the central axis, and wherein second surface comprises a plurality of spiral grooves. ### Claim 8 (depends on 7) The tool of claim 7, wherein the plurality of spiral grooves spiral inward toward the central axis in a direction that is opposite a rotational direction for the tool body. ### Claim 9 (depends on 7) The tool of claim 7, wherein the plurality of spiral grooves spiral inward toward the central axis in a direction that is aligned with a rotational direction for the tool body. ### Claim 10 (depends on 7) The tool of claim 7, wherein the flange includes a maximum radial width W2, wherein the pin has a maximum radial width W1, and wherein W2 is greater than W1. ### Claim 11 (depends on 7) The tool of claim 7, wherein the first surface is frustoconical in shape. ### Claim 12 (depends on 7) The tool of claim 7, wherein the pin is threadably engaged within a recess extending axially into the shoulder along the central axis. ### Claim 13 (depends on 12) The tool of claim 12, wherein the pin includes an annular shoulder, and wherein the recess includes an annular shoulder, and wherein the pin is threadably engaged within the recess such that the annular shoulder of the pin is engaged with the annular shoulder of the recess. ### Claim 14 A method of forming an internal channel within a workpiece, wherein the workpiece includes a first surface, a second surface opposite the first surface, and a groove extending into the first surface that extends across the workpiece, the method comprising: (a) rotating a tool about a central axis, wherein the tool comprises: a tool body including a central axis and a shoulder; a pin extending axially from the shoulder along the central axis; and a flange mounted to the pin that is spaced from the shoulder along the central axis, wherein the shoulder comprises a plurality of spiral grooves, wherein the flange includes a first surface, a second surface, and a radially outer surface extending between the first surface and the second surface, wherein the first surface is positioned axially between the second surface and the shoulder along the central axis, and wherein second surface comprises a plurality of spiral grooves thereon; (b) inserting the tool into the workpiece from the first surface such that the flange is positioned between the first surface and the second surface; (c) moving the tool across the workpiece along the groove in a radial direction with respect to the central axis; (d) engaging the shoulder of the tool with the first surface of the workpiece during (c); and (e) forming the internal channel with the flange during (c) and (d). ### Claim 15 (depends on 14) The method of claim 14, wherein the plurality of spiral grooves spiral inward toward the central axis in a direction that is opposite a rotational direction for the tool body. ### Claim 16 (depends on 15) The method of claim 15, wherein the plurality of spiral grooves spiral inward toward the central axis in a direction that is aligned with a rotational direction for the tool body. ### Claim 17 (depends on 14) The method of claim 14, wherein the first surface is frustoconical in shape. ### Claim 18 A tool for forming an internal channel within a workpiece, the tool comprising: a tool body including a central axis and a shoulder; a pin projected outward from the shoulder along the central axis, wherein the pin includes a flange that is axially spaced from the shoulder along the central axis; wherein the shoulder includes a plurality of spiral grooves, and wherein the flange includes a first surface, a second surface, and a radially outer surface extending between the first surface and the second surface, wherein the first surface is positioned axially between the second surface and the shoulder along the central axis, wherein the first surface is frustoconical in shape, and wherein the radially outer surface comprises a plurality of radially extending notches. ### Claim 19 (depends on 18) The tool of claim 18, wherein the first surface includes a first plurality of spiral grooves.